SO₂ and NO_x emissions from iron and steel production pollute the atmosphere. With the implementation of ultra-low emission standards, the requirements for flue gas purification have become more stringent. Activated carbon, due to its rich surface chemistry, stable physical structure, and excellent adsorption and renewability, has a significant effect on the synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from industrial flue gas, and its industrial application has achieved a SO₂ removal rate of ≥98% and a NO_x removal rate of ≥83%. Firstly, we analyze the structure of activated carbon and the adsorption principle, discuss the mechanism of desulfurization and denitrification, and explore the shortcomings of the technology; then, we summarize the modification methods of activated carbon, determine the impregnation method of loading non-precious metal oxides as the optimal solution, and elucidate the loading conditions, process, and reaction mechanism; finally, we discuss the current status of the research, analyze the process deficiencies and the direction of optimization, and look forward to the prospect of development.

The implementation of ultra-low emission standards in the steel industry imposes higher demands on flue gas purification. Carbon-based materials, leveraging their porous structure and surface activity, demonstrate high adsorption potential for treating heavy metal ions, sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds, and volatile organic pollutants. However, their application is constrained by a limited selective adsorption capacity. This paper systematically analyzes the mechanisms by which carbon-based materials treat water, air, and soil pollutants; investigates their physical and chemical degradation patterns; and summarizes practical physicochemical modification pathways. Research indicates that modification techniques can effectively overcome performance limitations of carbon-based materials, enhance pollutant adsorption efficiency, and provide new insights for the engineering application of multi-media pollution synergistic control and environmental remediation technologies.

Iron ore powder is the main source of NOx in the sintering process. The existing end treatment technology is difficult to cure environmental hazards due to high cost and secondary pollution. Therefore, in this study, through the NOx generation experiments and mechanism analysis of five kinds of iron ore powder, the low emission characteristic ore powder was selected for actual production. The results show that the NOx emission concentration of different iron ore powders varies with temperature. As the temperature increases, the peak concentration of NOx becomes larger, the peak time becomes shorter, and the harm becomes greater. Among them, the process concentration and peak concentration of Sijiaying powder are relatively low in the sintering process. The pre-exponential coefficient and activation energy of the apparent rate of NO formation interface reaction, the pre-exponential coefficient of the effective diffusion coefficient of gas diffusion in the product layer, and the activation energy of atomic movement are the lowest.