The change of twinning morphology plays an important role in the modification of Al-Si alloys, which are widely used in industrial applications. However, the interpretation of this change is still insufficient. In this work, the microstructure of twins was investigated in two kinds of Al-Si alloys with different additions of Ba using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Unlike the normal {111} twin that exists in Ba-free alloy, discontinuous twins and multiple twins were observed in the Ba-containing alloy. In addition, the 9R structure formed by the dissociation of twins was firstly observed at the turning of discontinuous twins and the intersection of multiple twins in Al-Si alloys.

Grain refinement and precipitation are two effective ways to improve the mechanical properties of Mg-RE alloys. In this work, a two-step forming process is proposed. This includes cold rolling and subsequent annealing at high temperature for a short duration. By the two-step forming process, grains can be refined from 100 μm to 20 μm in compare with ~30 μm by common hot rolling at 450 °C for a reduction of 80%. The sample shows more distinct aging hardening, as the hardness amplification of 60 HV is twice that of the hot-rolled sample. The precipitation is observed by high angle annular dark field-scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). Dynamic precipitation in the sample by the two-step route is found to be effectively suppressed. Interestingly, after subsequent annealing, the density of precipitation, especially β′, become much higher than that in hot-rolled samples.