Stable Diffusion is a widely used text-to-image generation model. However, its outputs are highly sensitive to hyperparameters settings and often suffer issues such as semantic drift, subject misalignment and detail loss. Traditional methods rely on manually adjusting hyperparameters to alter the attention distribution and thus improve the quality of generated images, which is time-consuming and lacks precision. Therefore, we propose an attention-guided visual diagnostic system named DAttnVis, which is designed to assist users in understanding the complex inference process of the Stable Diffusion model and optimizing its parameters. The core idea is to transform high-dimensional attention signals into comparable diagnostic representations across layers using a quantifiable metric—the Attention Concentration Index (ACI). Additionally, an anomaly detection method based on Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) is proposed to accurately identify abnormal attention layers. By linking multiple views, including UNet attention flow, diagnosis and guidance, cross-attention, and historical comparison, DAttnVis constructs a comprehensive diagnostic workflow that covers global screening, structural drilling-down, semantic tracing, and result verification. Quantitative evaluation experiments, case studies and user studies demonstrate that DAttnVis can effectively reduce trial-and-error costs and debugging burdens in the model tuning process, while improving the accuracy of anomalous structure localization and key prompt attribution.

Bus route planning is a complex application problem within the transportation domain, aiming to identify the best route among numerous candidate solutions. Despite existing research significantly reducing the exploration space of solutions, planners still face challenges in further exploring optimal route planning solutions. Specifically, the diversity of route attributes increases the complexity of determining their impact, such as the variety and quantity of reachable points of interest. Therefore, we present BRPVis, an interactive visual analytics system designed to assist bus route planners in exploring optimal solutions through multi-level visualization and rich interaction design. Furthermore, we propose a human-machine collaborative multicriteria decision-making method, which quantitatively analyzes the weights of route attributes while incorporating interactive feedback mechanisms to support personalized route exploration. Based on exploration using real-world traffic datasets, three case studies conducted with domain experts demonstrate that BRPVis effectively provides decision support for bus route planning tasks.