Circle detection remains a critical yet challenging task in computer vision, particularly under complex imaging conditions where existing measurement methods face persistent challenges in parameter configuration and noise resilience. This paper presents a novel circle detection algorithm based on two perceptually grounded parameters: the perceptual length difference resolution λ, derived from human cognitive models, and the minimum distinguishable distance threshold K, determined through empirical observations. The algorithm implements a local stochastic sampling strategy integrated with a bottom-up circular search mechanism, with all critical parameters in the algorithm derived adaptively based on λ and K, eliminating the need for repetitive hyperparameter search processes. Experiments demonstrate that our methodology achieves an exceptional Fscore of 85.5% on the public circle detection dataset, surpassing state-of-the-art approaches by approximately 7.3%. Notably, the framework maintains robust detection capability (Fscore = 85%) under extreme noise conditions (50% Gaussian noise contamination), maintaining superior performance relative to comparative methods. The adaptive parameterization strategy provides insights for developing vision systems that bridge computational efficiency with human perceptual robustness.