Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) influence tumor biology and immunology by releasing cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. Currently, cisplatin is an integral part of drug-based tumor therapy, for example, in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Cisplatin treatment induces apoptosis as a primary mechanism of action; however, additional immunomodulatory effects of cisplatin are gaining interest. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible immunomodulatory effects of cisplatin in human MSCs (hMSCs). The MSCs, obtained from human bone marrow, were characterized by analyzing plastic adherence, typical surface features, and ability to differentiate. Toxicity analysis of cisplatin’s effects on primary MSCs, including the determination of a subtoxic concentration, was performed using the MTT assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to identify potentially immunomodulatory factors. Additionally, a scratch assay was performed to evaluate cell migration. First, subtoxic cisplatin concentrations were determined. A significantly reduced protein expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in MSCs under the influence of subtoxic cisplatin concentrations was demonstrated. Similarly, IL-6 protein expression was qualitatively reduced at subtoxic concentrations, although without statistical significance. At the mRNA level, qRT-PCR showed a non-significant, cisplatin concentration-dependent reduction in the expression of both IL-6 and IDO1. The scratch assay showed no statistically significant influence on migration after cisplatin treatment. In MSCs, there is tendency to a decrease in IL-6 and IDO1 at both protein and mRNA level after cisplatin exposure. These effects are congruent with each other and dose-dependent. This indicates that cisplatin not only acts via the known cytotoxic effect, but may induce a reduction in tumor-supporting proteins, like IL-6 and IDO1, by MSCs in the tumor microenvironment at subtoxic concentrations. Traditional cytostatic compounds, which can favorably modulate the immune system in the tumor microenvironment, may open new avenues to explore treatment strategies specifically targeting immunomodulation. Overall, the results indicate beneficial immunomodulation by cisplatin.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of the modified coronally advanced tunnel technique (MCAT) with a porcine dermal matrix (PDM) after a 12‐month follow‐up. There are no other Clinical trials evaluating a PDM over the period of 12 months.Material and Methods: Patients with recession type (RT) 1 and RT 2 gingival recessions were treated with the MCAT and a novel PDM. Plaster casts (preoperative and 12 months postoperative) were scanned using a 3Shape Lab Scanner E3. The resulting STL files were imported and superimposed in the open‐source software GOM Inspect for analysis. Measurements included recession depth, mean root and total root coverage (mRC and cRC), mean recession reduction (mRR), and gingival thickness. Statistical analysis was performed using mixed linear models.Results: A total of 77 teeth (19 patients) were included in the study. Healing was uneventful in all patients. The mean preoperative recession depth was 1.26 mm ± 0.86 mm. mRC was 69.47% ± 61.90%, cRC was 29.79%, mRR was 0.87 ± 0.83 mm, and gingival thickness gain was 0.23 ± 0.24 mm, with comparable results for RT 1 and RT 2. Neither tooth type nor jaw type had any effect on root coverage.Conclusions: The modified coronally advanced tunnel technique in combination with the analyzed porcine dermal matrix demonstrated stable results for root coverage and gingival thickness after 12 months of follow‐up.Trial Registration: Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien/German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS); DRKS00023201.

Background: To report 24‐month clinical and 3D outcomes of single and multiple RT1 and RT2 gingival recessions treated with the modified coronally advanced tunnel (MCAT) technique and an L‐PRF‐functionalized porcine dermal matrix (PDM), as long‐term data on PDM in root coverage are scarce. Methods: Patients with single or multiple RT1 and RT2 recessions in the maxilla or mandible were treated with MCAT and L‐PRF‐functionalized PDM. Conventional impressions taken preoperatively and at 24 months were poured as casts, digitized, and aligned as standard tessellation language (STL) files for quantitative analysis. Outcomes were recession depth (RD), mean and complete root coverage (mRC, cRC), mean recession reduction (mRR), and gingival thickness (GT). Mixed linear models accounting for patient‐level clustering were used. Results: Eighty‐three teeth in 20 patients were available for 24‐month analysis. Healing was uneventful. Mean baseline RD was 1.31 ± 0.86 mm. At 24 months, mRC was 80.17 ± 56.68%, cRC 34.78%, and mRR 1.01 ± 0.84 mm. Mean GT gain was 0.22 ± 0.40 mm. Root coverage and GT changes were similar for RT1 and RT2 defects and were not influenced by tooth type or jaw. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this prospective single‐arm clinical trial, MCAT with a leukocyte‐ and platelet‐rich fibrin (L‐PRF) ‐functionalized PDM provided stable 24‐month root coverage and modest GT gain in RT1 and RT2 gingival recessions. These descriptive findings support the clinical applicability of this CTG‐sparing approach and underline the need for randomized controlled trials with patient‐reported outcomes to compare it with connective tissue grafting. Plain language summary: Gum recession, where the gum pulls away and exposes the tooth root, can cause sensitivity, esthetic concerns, and tissue loss. In this study we treated 83 teeth in 20 adults with gum recession using a minimally invasive tunnel technique combined with a soft tissue replacement material made from porcine (pig) skin that was coated with a blood concentrate prepared from the patient. We followed the teeth for 2 years and used 3‐dimensional (3D) digital models made from dental casts to measure changes in gum position and thickness. On average, exposed root surfaces were reduced by about 80%, and in roughly one third of teeth the roots were fully covered again. The gums also became slightly thicker. Healing was uncomplicated, and results were similar in different tooth types and positions. Because this approach does not require taking a small piece of tissue from the roof of the mouth (connective tissue graft), it may reduce surgical discomfort while still providing stable coverage of exposed roots. However, direct comparisons with the current gold standard, connective tissue grafting, in randomized controlled trials are still needed to confirm these findings and to better understand patient‐reported benefits such as pain and satisfaction.

To evaluate the radiological bone loss and survival outcomes of teeth adjacent to dental implants (TAIs) in comparison to non-adjacent teeth (TNIs) of similar type and baseline condition, using a matched retrospective cohort design. This retrospective study included 233 patients treated with 348 implants between 2013 and 2020 at the University of Freiburg. A total of 480 TAIs and 348 matched TNIs were observed over a mean follow-up of 54 months. Radiographic bone levels, survival rates, and restorative interventions were compared. Control teeth (TNIs) were matched by tooth type and jaw location. Statistical analyses included t-tests, Chi-squared tests, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and multivariate Cox-regression. TAIs demonstrated significantly greater bone loss than TNIs (mean: 4.3 % (SD 6.8 %, median: 1.6 %, IQR: 0 - 6.1 %) vs. mean 3.1 % (SD 5.23 %, median: 0.9 %, IQR: 0 - 4.4 %), p = 0.005). New crown restorations were significantly more frequent in TAIs (14.4 %) than TNIs (7.3 %, p = 0.04), though differences in root canal therapy rates were not significant. Survival analysis showed higher 5-year survival rates for TNIs compared with TAIs (93.6 % vs. 88.6 %, p = 0.015). After adjustment for relevant covariates, implant adjacency showed only a limited association with tooth survival, and a stronger association with restorative factors. The most common causes of TAI loss were root fracture and caries. Teeth adjacent to dental implants showed higher rates of bone loss and restorative interventions compared with TNI. This is the first investigation on TAI-survival with respect to preexisting restorative and site-specific conditions of both the TAI and the control teeth, indicating that restorative and endodontic conditions play a greater role than implant adjacency itself. The findings indicate that implant adjacency has a limited effect on the survival of neighboring teeth when tooth-related factors are adequately controlled. Pre-existing restorative conditions, particularly crown restorations and root canal treatment, seem to play a more important role and should be considered in treatment planning and long-term follow-up.