Biomaterials and biomembranes play a crucial role in a variety of applications, particularly in the medical field due to their ability to mimic natural biological structures and functions. Crosslinkers play also an important role in enhancing the structural integrity and functionality of biomaterials and in the design of biomembranes. This review article explores the fundamentals of biomaterials and biomembranes, with a particular focus on the role of crosslinkers in biology, chemistry and medicine. We explore the various types of crosslinkers commonly used in biomaterials synthesis, examining their chemical structure, classification, and synthesis methods. Additionally, we analyze the biological properties of crosslinkers and their interactions, highlighting their biological impact, particularly in cellular behavior and cytotoxicity. This article further emphasizes recent advances and innovation, particularly in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and wound healing. Finally, we conclude by addressing current challenges and suggesting potential futures directions for research in this field.
Tubo‐ovarian abscess is a rare but serious complication of assisted reproductive technologies, typically following oocyte retrieval. We report a case of a 41‐year‐old woman with endometriosis who developed a tubo‐ovarian abscess 2 weeks after a hormonally prepared frozen embryo transfer. The procedure was uneventful and performed under sterile conditions with antibiotic prophylaxis. She later presented with pelvic pain and fever; imaging confirmed a right‐sided multiloculated adnexal abscess. Given the patient′s stable condition and abscess location, conservative management was chosen. Broad‐spectrum intravenous and oral antibiotics led to complete resolution without the need for drainage or surgery. This case highlights that tubo‐ovarian abscesses can occur even in low‐risk frozen embryo transfer cycles and in the absence of procedural complications. A review of the literature suggests that underlying pelvic pathology, including endometriosis, may predispose patients to infection. Considerate post‐transfer monitoring and individualized management strategies are essential to ensure favorable outcomes.