Myroides species, are reported more frequently as outbreaks in clinics and intensive care units (ICUs). In this study, it is aimed to investigate the epidemic potential, antibiotic resistance profile and risk factors of the M. odoratimimus isolates, are increasingly isolated in the intensive care units (ICUs) of our hospital. Data of patients, whose Myroides spp. were isolated in their clinical specimens, over a five-year period (September 2016-January 2022) were retrospectively analyzed. Identification of bacteria were performed with the Matrix: Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization/Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS) System. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Possible clonal association between isolates was investigated the Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC)-PCR method. 66 isolates were identified as M. odoratimimus and one isolate as M. odoratus. The presence of the blaMUS resistance gene was detected in all M. odoratimimus isolates, while the presence of sul2 in 10 isolates and tetX in 11 isolates was detected. Other resistance genes, including blaTUS, were not detected. Also 2 different clonal association patterns were found in 24 selected isolates by (ERIC)-PCR method.The increase in the immunosuppressive patient population point to the possibility of encountering this agent and other opportunistic pathogens more frequently in the future.

The prompt identification of the causative microorganism responsible for bloodstream infections (BSIs) is paramount, as is the determination of its resistance profile. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the BioFire FilmArray Blood Culture Identification 2 (BCID2) panel for BSIs compared to conventional methods (CTMs) and its impact on antimicrobial treatment decisions. The study included 93 positive blood cultures from 85 patients with suspected BSI between January and August 2024. The BCID2 system demonstrated an accuracy of 90.32% in identifying positive samples in culture. The analytical sensitivity was calculated to be 83.72%, while the clinical sensitivity was determined to be 77.41% at the sample level. The highest concordance at the isolate level was observed for Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, and Acinetobacter baumannii, with a 100% concordance rate. The compatibility of the method with conventional techniques was found in 85.13% of monomicrobial samples and 47.36% of polymicrobial samples. The mean time to result was determined as 1 day and 4 hours for BCID2 and 2 days and 4 hours for CTMs to identification; the difference was found to be significant. With regard to the detection of antimicrobial resistance genes, a 73.46% concordance was observed between BCID2 and conventional phenotypic methods at the sample level. While the presence of resistance was detected phenotypically in A. baumannii isolates, this could not be demonstrated genotypically with BCID2. In treatment simulations for antimicrobial stewardship, 91.5% of correct treatment arrangements were achieved according to the Norwegian guideline. Furthermore, an examination of the impact of gram stain pattern on diagnostic agreement revealed 90% agreement in anaerobic bottles, 77.77% in pediatric bottles, and 73.43% in aerobic bottles. However, these differences were not found to be statistically significant. Conversely, a significant difference in agreement rates was observed according to gram stain pattern, with 94.1% agreement observed in gram-positive cocci and 79.1% in gram-negative bacilli, yielding a statistically significant difference. BCID2 has the potential to improve clinical decision-making processes in the management of BSIs with its rapid diagnosis time, high specificity, and resistance detection capacity; however, due to its current limitations, it is currently best used as a supportive tool to CTMs.

This study aims to determine the role of urinary plasminogen, a serine protease that reflects damage to the glomerular filtration barrier, in the early detection of diabetic kidney disease in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Pediatric patients, who had been followed up with T1DM for at least 2 years, and healthy matched controls were included. The association between urine plasminogen (uPlasminogen) levels and urine plasminogen-to-creatinine ratio (uPlgCR) with urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) was examined, as well as determining a cut-off value for uPlasminogen to predict microalbuminuria. A total of 56 T1DM patients and 30 healthy matched controls were included. There was no significant difference in eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the groups. uPlasminogen level was determined to be higher in the albuminuric group than control (p = 0.001) and uPlgCR was higher in the normoalbuminuric and albuminuric groups than control (p = 0.004, p = 0.002, respectively). There was a weak positive correlation between uPlasminogen and uPlgCR with uACR (r 0.38, p = 0.004; r 0.28, p = 0.03, respectively). The diagnostic performance of uPlasminogen in predicting albuminuria was evaluated by ROC-curve analysis, showing an AUC of 0.69 (p = 0.02; 95% CI [0.521–0.861]), with a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 65.5% at a cut-off value of 7.1 µg/L. Conclusion: A positive correlation was found between uPlasminogen and uPlgCR with albuminuria. Also, uPlasminogen was determined to predict albuminuria. Most importantly, uPlgCR was elevated in diabetic patients before albuminuria developed. uPlgCR may serve as a potential early marker or therapeutic target of DKD, pending further longitudinal validation. What is Known:• Urinary plasminogen correlates with albuminuria in diabetic patients. What is New:• Urinary plasminogen and uPlgCR levels exhibited a significant and positive correlation with uACR. The new findings in this study are that uPlgCR was detected in urine before microalbuminuria develops, and that uPlasminogen predicted albuminuria in pediatric patients with T1DM.

Aim: Group B Streptococcus (GBS), also known as Streptococcus agalactiae, are Gram-positive, encapsulated bacteria found in the normal human gastrointestinal and urogenital flora. A wide variety of infectious diseases can cause urogenital system infections in newborns, elderly people, immunocompromised people, pregnant women, and adults. In this study, we aimed to inform clinicians about the agents that can be used in intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis by examining the antibiotic susceptibility of GBS strains isolated from urine samples from the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic in our laboratory. Material and Methods: Isolates of the S. agalactiae isolated from a total of 222 urine samples from the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic that came to our Medical Microbiology laboratory between January 2022 and December 2022 were included and the data of these isolates were evaluated retrospectively. The clinical samples that came to our laboratory were inoculated on Sheep blood agar medium and incubated at 37°C for 18-24 hours. Quantitatively seeded urine culture ≥104 CFU/ml grown bacteria was considered a uropathogenic. Urogenital skin flora element or three and more different types of bacteria growing cultures as contamination evaluated. Results: Due to the group selected as the sample, 100% of the patients were female. The age range of the patients ranged from 12 to 72, and the mean age was calculated as 30.16. All GBS isolates were susceptible to penicillin, linezolid, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tigecycline, teicoplanin, and vancomycin. Conclusion: Penicillin resistance was not found in our study. However, resistant strains were detected in erythromycin, clindamycin, and levofloxacin, which stand out as other options in cases where penicillin cannot be used.

Aim: Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative, multi-flagellated bacterium that resides in the gastric mucosa and is a significant cause of chronic antral gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric lymphoma, and adenocarcinoma. Its prevalence is inversely related to socioeconomic development, with higher rates in developing countries. The bacterium is believed to spread primarily through fecal-oral and oral-oral routes, with an estimated global infection rate of around 50%. Material and Methods: This study retrospectively examined the presence of H. pylori antigen in stool samples from 40784 patients admitted to our hospital between 2018 and 2023. The tests were performed using MICROCULT (Biotech, China) kits and the results were analysed according to age, sex and geographical regions. Results: The overall positivity rate was found to be 14.47%. Female had a higher positivity rate (16.73%) compared to male (11.64%). The positivity rate was 6.46% in children and 16.77% in adults. The highest regional positivity was observed in the Southeastern Anatolia region (25.71%), while the lowest was in the Black Sea region (11.95%). In Ankara, Altındağ district had the highest positivity rate (17.09%), while Etimesgut had the lowest (8.79%). Conclusion: The study highlights a decline in H. pylori prevalence in recent years, though higher rates persist in less developed regions, underscoring the need for improved infrastructure, hygiene, and targeted screening and treatment strategies.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease endemic in many developing countries, including Türkiye. Among the species that are pathogenic for humans; Brucella melitensis is isolated from livestock animals like sheep and goats, Brucella abortus from cattle and Brucella suis from pigs. Laboratory diagnosis of infection caused by Brucella species with gram-negative coccobacillus morphology; can be made through characteristic culture features, serological tests and molecular methods. Brucellosis, which has a wide distribution of clinical signs and symptoms; can cause various complications by affecting many organs and systems. Among all complications, the probability of thyroid abscess is less than 1%. In this case report; an example of thyroid abscess, one of the rare complications of brucellosis that is not frequently encountered in the literature, was presented. During the physical examination of a 45-year-old female patient who admitted with the complaint of pain in the neck area, fever, neck swelling, redness and pain that increased with palpation were detected. Leukocytosis, lymphopenia, high sedimentation and CRP, low TSH and high T4 values were detected in laboratory tests and subacute thyroiditis was considered as the preliminary diagnosis. Surgical abscess drainage was planned as the patient's clinical findings progressed during follow-up and spontaneous pus discharged from the midline of the neck. The abscess aspirate sample taken during surgical intervention and the blood culture samples taken before were evaluated microbiologically. Microorganisms that did not grow on EMB agar but grew on 5% sheep blood and chocolate agar at the 72-96th hour of incubation of culture plates; were detected to have gram-negative coccobacillus morphology and positive for catalase, oxidase and urease. Although the Wright test was negative with a titer of 1/20, the Rose Bengal test was positive, Coombs test was positive with a titer of 1/160 and the Brucellacapt test was positive with a titer of >1/5120. Microorganisms growing on culture plates were identified as B.melitensis at the species level with specific antisera. As a result of antibiotic susceptibility tests evaluated according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing version 14.0 (EUCAST v14.0), the isolate was susceptible to rifampicin, doxycycline, gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole at standart dosing regimen and susceptible to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin at increased exposure. The patient, who was started on doxycycline and rifampicin combination treatment, was discharged without any complaints. In the diagnosis of infection due to Brucella species, which is one of the pathogens that early diagnosis and initiation of treatment greatly affects the prognosis; in addition to culture, which is the gold standard method, serological tests are also very important. If diagnosis is delayed, complications may develop due to involvement in almost every part of the body, depending on the affected organs and systems. In areas where brucellosis is endemic, patients with symptoms such as neck swelling, shortness of breath and difficulty in swallowing, thyroid tissue involvement due to brucellosis should definitely be considered etiologically.