Objective: This study aims to reveal the suicide risk factors in specific situations of medical malpractice.Methods: We conducted a systematic analysis using the medical malpractice case data from the judgment search system on China Judgments Online, covering the years 2012 to 2022. The χ² test was applied to compare group differences, while a binary logistics regression analysis was used to assess factors influencing suicide among hospitalized patients with mental disorders.Results: A total of 268 finalized medical malpractice judgments were analyzed. From 2012 to 2022, medical malpractice cases involving psychiatric inpatients in China show a significant upward trend. Suicide cases of hospitalized patients with mental disorders accounted for 32.5% of all medical malpractice cases. These incidents were more frequent in comprehensive hospitals, tertiary hospitals, and economically developed regions such as East China and Central China. Chi-square testing and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis revealed that hospital type, history of suicidal behavior, clinical psychiatric diagnosis of others, medical fault in violating specific regulations, and medical fault in breach of duty of care were identified as independent risk factors (OR=2.662,3.866,3.567,3.247,3.593; 95% CI: 1.368-5.180, 1.473-10.146, 0.398-9.107,1.193-8.838,1.406-9.179).Conclusions: In China, the proportion of suicide cases of hospitalized psychiatric patients in civil cases of medical malpractices has been increasing. Independent risk factors include hospital type, suicidal history, history of suicidal behavior, clinical psychiatric diagnosis of others, medical fault in violating specific regulations and medical fault in breach of duty of care. Optimizing resource allocation in comprehensive hospitals, enhancing ward safety, and standardizing clinical protocols are urgently needed to mitigate preventable suicides in this vulnerable population.

Background: China’s Sexual Self-Defense Capacity (SSDC) assessment evaluates mentally disordered females’ ability to protect sexual rights, critically impacting rape adjudication. Despite 3-5× higher sexual assault risk in this population, key SSDC impairment predictors—Intellectual Level (FSIQ/VIQ/PIQ) and Activities of Daily Living (ADL)—face standardization challenges due to regional variations in assessment tools/thresholds. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 398 forensic SSDC cases (2020-2024) from five Chinese institutions, following national guidelines. Univariate, correlation, regression, ROC, and combined modeling analyses identified predictors. Results: (1) ADL score exerted the strongest effect on CSSAS, followed by FSIQ. (2) Critical thresholds established: Retained SSDC (CSSAS score≥21): ADL score ≤ 22.5 or FSIQ≥66.5; Diminished SSDC score(7≤CSSAS<21): 22.5<ADL score ≤ 31.5 or 53.5≤FSIQ<66.5; Absent SSDC (CSSAS score31.5 or FSIQ<53.5(3) Combined model (ADL score+FSIQ) achieved higher AUC than single factors. Conclusion: (1) Both ADL and FSIQ are significant factors influencing SSDC. (2) ADL demonstrates superior predictive efficacy compared to FSIQ. (3) The combined predictive model (ADL + FSIQ) outperforms the use of FSIQ alone. (4) The predictive efficacy of the combined ADL-FSIQ model failed to exceed that of the ADL-only model. (5) The comprehensive use of ADL and FSIQ assessments can effectively improve the accuracy of SSDC evaluation in forensic psychiatric expertise, facilitating rape identification and sentencing. It also helps law enforcement preliminarily judge the SSDC of involved individuals, guide targeted criminal investigations, and initiate forensic procedures promptly.