The development of dental restorative materials with improved physical and mechanical properties is an important area of research. In this study, hexaallylaminocyclotriphosphazene (HAP) was used to modify dental composites. HAP is a compound with multiple carbon-carbon bonds that can react with methacrylic resins to form a copolymer. HAP was synthesized by reacting allylamine with hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and characterized it using ¹H and ³¹P NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Molecular dynamics simulations using the MM2 force field showed that HAP has a nanosize (the diameter of a sphere eclosing the molecule is 1.3 nm), making it a suitable nanomodifier for dental composites. Using 3D printing, samples of dental methacrylic composites containing up to 10 wt. % HAP were prepared and their physicomechanical properties and antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria S. mutans were studied. As a result, it was established that the maximum flexural strength (115.1 ± 10.2 MPa) is achieved with a modifier content of 5 wt.% in the composite. The maximum value of inhibition of S. mutans growth in a liquid nutrient medium is achieved with a HAP content of 10 wt.% in the sample. Furthermore, with a HAP content of more than 5 wt.% in the composite, inhibition of biofilm on the material surface is observed. The resulting composite is proposed for use as dental crowns in restorative dentistry.

This review analyzes the advances over a five-year period in the development of polymeric sorbents for the purification of aqueous media from key classes of pollutants: hydrocarbons (crude oil, diesel fuel), organic dyes, pharmaceuticals (antibiotics), pesticides, herbicides, volatile organic compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Attention is paid to the analysis of structure-property-performance relationships, with an emphasis on comparing materials derived from renewable natural feedstocks (such as cellulose, chitosan, terpenes, vegetable oils, and aloe vera) with synthetic polymers. The analysis reveals that biopolymer-based sorbents exhibit comparable or superior sorption capacities combined with environmental safety, biodegradability, and low cost. The key sorption mechanisms include physical adsorption, hydrophobic interactions, and electrostatic interactions. Despite persisting challenges related to scalability, stability in real-world environments, and the need for efficient regeneration protocols, a convergent approach that combines the advantages of modified natural polymers and functional synthetic components appears to be the most promising strategy for developing cost-effective and sustainable technologies for the restoration of water quality.

This review examines the fire-retardant properties of compositions that incorporate various classes of phosphorus–nitrogen compounds. Specifically, it focuses on nitrogen-containing derivatives of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, phosphinates, phosphorus–nitrogen salts, and aryloxycyclophosphazenes. The findings indicate that these classes of fire retardants enhance the limiting oxygen index, decrease heat and smoke emission indices in epoxy compositions, and facilitate the creation of self-extinguishing materials. Notably, aryloxycyclophosphazenes with reactive functional groups emerge as the most effective fire retardants, particularly in terms of their impact on the mechanical properties of epoxy compositions and compatibility with epoxy resin. This review would be a valuable resource for engineers, chemical engineers, materials scientists, and researchers engaged in the development of non-combustible polymer composites and organoelement compounds.

работа посвящена способу получения изофорона в микроканале. Проведена численная и экспериментальная оптимизация процесса получения изофорона в микроканале. Изофорон – ненасыщенный циклический кетон, широко использующийся в промышленности в качестве растворителя нитроцеллюлозных красок, а также в качестве промежуточного вещества для синтеза других соединений. Синтез проводили в микроканалах. Микроканалы представляют из себя каналы диаметром меньше 1 мм. Их основная особенность – возможность проведения различных типов реакций, требующих высокие давления и температуры. За счёт небольшого внутреннего объёма, все процессы, протекающие в них, легко интенсифицируются, можно достигать высокой точности и эффективности эксперимента. Варьировались такие параметры, как температура реакции и расход реагентов. Использовался новый подход к проведению эксперимента, основанный на минимизации используемых параметров регулирования и правильному их комбинированию. Такой подход требует высокой точности и воспроизводимости результатов, поэтому лучшим выбором для таких задач являются микроканалы, используемые в данной работе. Разработана математическая модель реакции, основанная на системах уравнений разной сложности. Построены трехмерные и двухмерные контурные диаграммы, позволяющие визуализировать математическую модель процесса. Установлены наилучшие технологические параметры процесса. the work is devoted to the method of obtaining isophorone in a microchannel. Numerical and experimental optimization of the process of obtaining isophorone in a microchannel has been carried out. Isophorone is an unsaturated cyclic ketone, widely used in industry as a solvent for nitrocellulose paints, as well as as an intermediate for the synthesis of other compounds. The synthesis was carried out in microchannels. Microchannels are channels with a diameter of less than 1 mm. Their main feature is the possibility of carrying out various types of reactions requiring high pressures and temperatures. Due to the small internal volume, all processes occurring in them are easily intensified, high accuracy and efficiency of the experiment can be achieved. Parameters such as reaction temperature and reagent consumption varied. A new approach to conducting the experiment was used, based on minimizing the control parameters used and combining them correctly. This approach requires high accuracy and reproducibility of the results, so the microchannels used in this work are the best choice for such tasks. A mathematical model of the reaction based on systems of equations of varying complexity has been developed. Three-dimensional and two-dimensional contour diagrams are constructed to visualize the mathematical model of the process. The best technological parameters of the process have been established.