Stellar radiation simulation is critical in the space industry; however, with the current simulation methods, only a single color temperature and magnitude can be modulated at a time. Furthermore, star sensors rely on star observation tests for accurate calibration; this seriously restricts their development. This paper presents a novel star spectral information multi-partition mapping simulation method to closely simulate real sky star map information, thus replacing non-scenario-specific field stargazing experiments. First, using the stellar spectral simulation principle, a multi-partition mapping principle based on a digital micro-mirror device is proposed, and the theoretical basis of sub-region division is provided. Second, multi-component mapping simulation of stellar spectral information is expounded, and a general architecture for the same based on a double-prism symmetry structure is presented. Next, the influence of peak spectral half-peak width and peak interval on spectral simulation accuracy is analyzed, and a pre-collimated beam expansion system, multi-dimensional slit, and spectral splitting system are designed accordingly. Finally, a test platform is set up, and single-region simulation results and multi-region consistency experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. Our method can realize high-precision simulation and independently control the output of various color temperatures and magnitudes. It provides a theoretical and technical basis for the development of star sensor ground calibration tests and space target detection light environment simulation.

The technical challenge of balancing radiant illuminance and the angular diameter of the simulated sun remains unsolved, preventing the realization of a solar simulator with both a 32′ angular diameter and a solar constant irradiance. This paper proposes a direct solar radiation simulation method using grating anomalous dispersion and a technological implementation scheme. This new architecture consists of a spectrally modulated optical engine, a diffractive combining system, and a multi-aperture imaging reconstruction system. We designed an optical system for simulating direct solar radiation, which achieves a high degree of reproducibility of natural direct solar radiation characteristics. The performance of this system was verified through simulation, with the results indicating that the solar direct radiation simulator achieves an angular diameter of 31.7′ while maintaining radiant illuminance above a solar constant. Additionally, the system spectral match to both the extraterrestrial (AM0G) and terrestrial global (AM1.5G) solar spectra, along with its uniformity, complies with an A+ grade. The studied direct solar radiation simulation is currently the only instrument capable of achieving a solar constant of an angular diameter less than 32′. This research revolutionizes the structure and principle of the traditional solar simulator, makes up for the deficiencies of the existing solar simulation technology, further improves the theoretical system of solar direct radiation simulation, and has far-reaching scientific significance for the development and application of solar simulation technology.