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This article explores two concepts—jugaad and do-it-yourself (DIY) repair cafes from the Indian and Western cultures, respectively, in relation to upcycling and their potential to address the sustainability challenges associated with overconsumption. Our theoretical exploration shows that jugaad, DIY repair cafes and upcycling have great potential to revive the preindustrial sufficiency-oriented behaviors and mindsets among the consumers and enhance resource efficiency through product longevity, repair and resource recovery from urban waste streams.
Jagdeep Singh; Charnita Arora. Upcycling, Jugaad and Repair Cafes for Prosumption. Lecture Notes in Production Engineering 2021, 41 -43.
AMA StyleJagdeep Singh, Charnita Arora. Upcycling, Jugaad and Repair Cafes for Prosumption. Lecture Notes in Production Engineering. 2021; ():41-43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJagdeep Singh; Charnita Arora. 2021. "Upcycling, Jugaad and Repair Cafes for Prosumption." Lecture Notes in Production Engineering , no. : 41-43.
Resource consumption has reached an unsustainable level, leading to devastating environmental impacts. For a more sustainable future, not only environmentally but economically and socially, material cycles need to be slowed down and, if possible, closed. Upcycling presents a promising alternative to mass production and consumption based on the use of virgin materials, in order to slow material cycles. There has been a growing academic and industrial interest in upcycling, particularly related to the emerging circular economy. Research in upcycling, however, is still in its infancy. Development of upcycling theories and practices is required if there is to be a transition in upcycling from niche to mainstream. As part of our efforts to develop upcycling theories and practices, we organised the first International Upcycling Symposium and called for contributions by international academics, practitioners and other relevant actors working on upcycling. In response, we received a wide range of papers across disciplines, sectors, industries, countries and regions. This chapter provides a brief summary of each contribution showing the state of the art in upcycling research and practice at the global scale which provides fundamental understanding of upcycling with varied definitions and forms and informs readers of valuable ideas, theories, projects, experiences and insights into upcycling by global experts.
Kyungeun Sung; Jagdeep Singh; Ben Bridgens; Tim Cooper. Introduction: State-of-the-Art Upcycling Research and Practice. Lecture Notes in Production Engineering 2021, 1 -6.
AMA StyleKyungeun Sung, Jagdeep Singh, Ben Bridgens, Tim Cooper. Introduction: State-of-the-Art Upcycling Research and Practice. Lecture Notes in Production Engineering. 2021; ():1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKyungeun Sung; Jagdeep Singh; Ben Bridgens; Tim Cooper. 2021. "Introduction: State-of-the-Art Upcycling Research and Practice." Lecture Notes in Production Engineering , no. : 1-6.
Global urbanisation, increasing population, economic growth and development have caused increase in resource consumption, and consequently, a vast volume of waste and other negative environmental impacts. In order to reduce negative environmental impact, various approaches to resource management have been suggested and implemented in the system of production, consumption and waste management. One promising approach is upcycling, the creation or modification of a product from used or waste materials, components and products for equal or higher quality or value than the compositional elements. This chapter proposes a systems approach to scaling-up global upcycling through systems innovation in the critical factors in the upcycling value chain.
Jagdeep Singh; Kyungeun Sung. Systems Approach to Scaling-Up Global Upcycling: Framework for Empirical Research. Lecture Notes in Production Engineering 2021, 99 -103.
AMA StyleJagdeep Singh, Kyungeun Sung. Systems Approach to Scaling-Up Global Upcycling: Framework for Empirical Research. Lecture Notes in Production Engineering. 2021; ():99-103.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJagdeep Singh; Kyungeun Sung. 2021. "Systems Approach to Scaling-Up Global Upcycling: Framework for Empirical Research." Lecture Notes in Production Engineering , no. : 99-103.
Research and user experience suggests both positive and negative social impacts resulting from practices in the sharing economy: social cohesion vs. gentrification; inclusiveness vs. discrimination; flexible employment vs. exploitation. However, as yet, there is no framework for understanding or assessing these social impacts holistically. We aim to improve understanding of the social impacts of sharing platforms and develop a systematic framework to assess these impacts. We conduct a narrative literature review and stakeholder workshop, integrating insights to produce a systematic social impact assessment framework and a practice-oriented tool. We identify four social aspects—trust, empowerment, social justice, and inclusivity—and eighteen indicators that make up the framework. We describe each indicator and its relevance to the sharing economy as well as suggest measurable variables in the form of a practice-oriented tool. The framework and tool are the first holistic method for assessing social impact in the sharing economy, which may inform researchers, sharing platforms, regulators, investors, and citizens to mitigate adverse social impacts while enhancing the overall net social value of the sharing economy.
Steven Kane Curtis; Jagdeep Singh; Oksana Mont; Alexandra Kessler. Systematic framework to assess social impacts of sharing platforms: Synthesising literature and stakeholder perspectives to arrive at a framework and practice-oriented tool. PLOS ONE 2020, 15, e0240373 .
AMA StyleSteven Kane Curtis, Jagdeep Singh, Oksana Mont, Alexandra Kessler. Systematic framework to assess social impacts of sharing platforms: Synthesising literature and stakeholder perspectives to arrive at a framework and practice-oriented tool. PLOS ONE. 2020; 15 (10):e0240373.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSteven Kane Curtis; Jagdeep Singh; Oksana Mont; Alexandra Kessler. 2020. "Systematic framework to assess social impacts of sharing platforms: Synthesising literature and stakeholder perspectives to arrive at a framework and practice-oriented tool." PLOS ONE 15, no. 10: e0240373.
Fashion upcycling, the process of using waste clothing and textiles to create new products, is an alternative to business-as-usual practices which can effectively address concerns on excessive consumption of energy and material resources and use of chemicals in the fashion industry. Scaling up fashion upcycling businesses could enable the transition of the fashion industry towards sustainability. Past studies in fashion upcycling have paid attention to limited aspects of the businesses, and comprehensive synthesis of viewpoints from diverse stakeholders involved in the business is lacking. This paper provides such a synthesis, focusing on the challenges and success factors for expanding (or scaling up) UK fashion upcycling businesses. Twenty three stakeholders in the UK were interviewed. Four different perspectives (by material suppliers, upcyclers, retailers and consumers) on challenges and success factors for scaling up fashion upcycling businesses in the UK as well as suitable actors to take actions for positive change were identified. Common challenges and success factors across stakeholders were highlighted. The paper further discusses theoretical and practical implications of the study.
Kyungeun Sung; Tim Cooper; Johanna Oehlmann; Jagdeep Singh; Oksana Mont. Multi-Stakeholder Perspectives on Scaling up UK Fashion Upcycling Businesses. Fashion Practice 2020, 12, 331 -350.
AMA StyleKyungeun Sung, Tim Cooper, Johanna Oehlmann, Jagdeep Singh, Oksana Mont. Multi-Stakeholder Perspectives on Scaling up UK Fashion Upcycling Businesses. Fashion Practice. 2020; 12 (3):331-350.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKyungeun Sung; Tim Cooper; Johanna Oehlmann; Jagdeep Singh; Oksana Mont. 2020. "Multi-Stakeholder Perspectives on Scaling up UK Fashion Upcycling Businesses." Fashion Practice 12, no. 3: 331-350.
Accounting material flows and stocks in the societal metabolism is an important cornerstone in the transformation towards circulation of physical resources – towards a circular economy. Material flow analysis (MFA) and substance flow analysis (SFA) are commonly used tools to understand the societal physical resource metabolism. However, these tools have a limitation in analysing flows and stocks at too an aggregated level, which limits the understanding of the material cycles in the societal metabolism. The aim of this article is therefore to introduce the concept of element flow analysis (EFA) to track stocks and flows in complex human systems at an element level. We illustrate the applicability of the concept in a case about exploring strategies for improving the circularity efficiency of gold flows in the global mobile phone product system using a system dynamics model.
Rajib Sinha; Rafael Laurenti; Jagdeep Singh; Björn M. Frostell. An element flow analysis approach to support the circular economy. Handbook of the Circular Economy 2020, 99 -115.
AMA StyleRajib Sinha, Rafael Laurenti, Jagdeep Singh, Björn M. Frostell. An element flow analysis approach to support the circular economy. Handbook of the Circular Economy. 2020; ():99-115.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRajib Sinha; Rafael Laurenti; Jagdeep Singh; Björn M. Frostell. 2020. "An element flow analysis approach to support the circular economy." Handbook of the Circular Economy , no. : 99-115.
The sharing economy is an emerging niche for innovation capable of disrupting established socio-technical and economic regimes. Because of this potential to cause radical changes in a wide array of domains, research in multiple disciplines addressing various aspects entailing this phenomenon is proliferating. In this emerging body of literature, the understanding and framing of the sharing economy are often different. Without knowledge about the current state of the research related to the sharing economy, delineating research trends, gaps, and needs for directing effectively primary research are not possible. This study aimed to synthesize the state and distribution of existing publications related to the sharing economy in multiple disciplines. We used the systematic mapping technique to scope, identify, and classify the publications at a fine level of granularity. We reviewed 589 journal articles (published from 1978 to 2017), and 454 met the selection criteria. The journal articles reviewed were published in 284 different journals. Intriguingly, 15 journals published five to 13 publications each and 221 journals had a single article about the topic. Journals belonging to the subject areas “business, management and accounting” (42.1%) and “social sciences” (35.2%) published more than 70% of the reviewed publications. Accommodation (19.8%) and car and ridesharing (17.2%) were the two most prominent sectors; 50.2% of the publications addressed C2C transactions (10.6% B2C, 24.4% more than one type); 62.3% were about accessing resources, and 5.1% concerned transfer of ownership (i.e., second-hand or donation); and 19.2% covered access and transfer of ownership simultaneously. While empirical studies were the majority (53.1%, when comparing with conceptual ones), qualitative approaches were most common (51.5% against 24.9% quantitative and 17.4% mixed methods). Literature review (22.9%), survey (13.2%), case study (7.3%) and interview (7%) were the most frequently used methods. User behavior (26.4%), business models and organizational aspects (22.7%), institution and governance system (18.7%), conceptualization matters (17%), and sustainability evaluation (15.3%) are research clusters identified from a grounded approach. The link between user behavior and net environmental impacts of sharing options was the largest gap found in the research needing attention from a sustainability perspective. Accordingly, multidisciplinary investigations quantifying behavioral root causes, magnitude, and likelihood of environmental rebound effects using real-world data are strongly encouraged.
Rafael Laurenti; Jagdeep Singh; Joao Miguel Cotrim; Martina Toni; Rajib Sinha. Characterizing the Sharing Economy State of the Research: A Systematic Map. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5729 .
AMA StyleRafael Laurenti, Jagdeep Singh, Joao Miguel Cotrim, Martina Toni, Rajib Sinha. Characterizing the Sharing Economy State of the Research: A Systematic Map. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (20):5729.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafael Laurenti; Jagdeep Singh; Joao Miguel Cotrim; Martina Toni; Rajib Sinha. 2019. "Characterizing the Sharing Economy State of the Research: A Systematic Map." Sustainability 11, no. 20: 5729.
Upcycling is a process in which used or waste products and materials are repaired, reused, repurposed, refurbished, upgraded and remanufactured in a creative way to add value to the compositional elements. It has been part of human life throughout history, and the past few years have seen its revival, driven by multiple factors including growing concern for the environment and resource scarcity. Upcycling increases quality and lifetimes of materials and products, reduces wastes, creates employment opportunities, and encourages sustainable consumer behaviour. Despite such benefits and increasing interest, upcycling is largely considered as a niche practice. One of the important gaps in the current state of knowledge on upcycling is a lack of systemic understanding about challenges and success factors relating to scaling up upcycling businesses. This paper aims to address this gap by employing a broad range of methods for reaching its goal, including literature review, stakeholder analysis, semi-structured interviews, group model building, development of causal loop diagrams, and a workshop with stakeholders and experts to validate causal loop diagrams and discuss promising interventions and how to proceed. The results identified potential actors for the success of upcycling businesses, key challenges and success factors, causal linkages among the challenges and success factors, key system mechanisms, and interventions for scaling up upcycling businesses. Collaboration across the upcycling value chain involving a wide range of actors is also discussed.
Jagdeep Singh; Kyungeun Sung; Tim Cooper; Katherine West; Oksana Mont. Challenges and opportunities for scaling up upcycling businesses – The case of textile and wood upcycling businesses in the UK. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2019, 150, 104439 .
AMA StyleJagdeep Singh, Kyungeun Sung, Tim Cooper, Katherine West, Oksana Mont. Challenges and opportunities for scaling up upcycling businesses – The case of textile and wood upcycling businesses in the UK. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2019; 150 ():104439.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJagdeep Singh; Kyungeun Sung; Tim Cooper; Katherine West; Oksana Mont. 2019. "Challenges and opportunities for scaling up upcycling businesses – The case of textile and wood upcycling businesses in the UK." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 150, no. : 104439.
This paper reports on research undertaken to identify generic and specific barriers to reuse of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE). Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts from across the value chain including product designers, manufacturers, users and waste managers as well policy makers and academics. The interviews sought to examine perceived and real barriers to reuse in the UK. Three inter-connected factors that limit opportunities and instances of reuse of electrical and electronic equipment were identified, highlighting that both systemic and consumer barriers to increasing levels of reuse exist. These are: producer reluctance, unsuitable collection infrastructure and cultural issues. Overall, the paper shows that low levels of reuse in the electrical and electronic sector are a result of complex and interlinked barriers. Understanding these connections offers the potential to improve the opportunities for reuse, by providing direction for policy makers to address barriers from a multi stakeholder perspective. Increasing instances of reuse is essential if the UK is to successfully move towards a resource efficient, circular economy.
Christine Cole; Alex Gnanapragasam; Tim Cooper; Jagdeep Singh. Assessing barriers to reuse of electrical and electronic equipment, a UK perspective. Resources, Conservation & Recycling: X 2019, 1, 100004 .
AMA StyleChristine Cole, Alex Gnanapragasam, Tim Cooper, Jagdeep Singh. Assessing barriers to reuse of electrical and electronic equipment, a UK perspective. Resources, Conservation & Recycling: X. 2019; 1 ():100004.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristine Cole; Alex Gnanapragasam; Tim Cooper; Jagdeep Singh. 2019. "Assessing barriers to reuse of electrical and electronic equipment, a UK perspective." Resources, Conservation & Recycling: X 1, no. : 100004.
Addressing global sustainability challenges associated with natural resource security and climate change requires new perspective on waste and resource management. Sustainability-driven business model innovations have a crucial role in transforming current, unsustainable, production and consumption patterns by slowing product replacement and closing material cycles. This study identifies best practice across a range of consumer product sectors. The study developed a novel methodology to identify and evaluate practical approaches to resource efficiency and the circular economy in order to reduce energy and material demand in these product sectors. These approaches include durable product design, enhanced repair and upgrade services, and product take-back. The study analysed 519 products and identified a total 145 examples of best practice within their respective product sectors that provide important insights into planning more circular business models in a range of product sectors. The paper highlights major barriers to, and opportunities, for wider implementation of these practices.
Jagdeep Singh; Tim Cooper; Christine Cole; Alex Gnanapragasam; Matthew Shapley. Evaluating approaches to resource management in consumer product sectors - An overview of global practices. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 224, 218 -237.
AMA StyleJagdeep Singh, Tim Cooper, Christine Cole, Alex Gnanapragasam, Matthew Shapley. Evaluating approaches to resource management in consumer product sectors - An overview of global practices. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 224 ():218-237.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJagdeep Singh; Tim Cooper; Christine Cole; Alex Gnanapragasam; Matthew Shapley. 2019. "Evaluating approaches to resource management in consumer product sectors - An overview of global practices." Journal of Cleaner Production 224, no. : 218-237.
Rapidly developing technology and an increasing number of products containing electrical or electronic functions, has led to discarded electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) being one of the fastest growing waste streams. The European Union (EU) has enacted several iterations of the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive to address this complex waste stream. However, recycling dominates treatments for e-waste, despite the established ‘waste hierarchy’ showing waste prevention and reuse are generally preferable to recycling. This paper reports on 30 semi-structured interviews, undertaken across the EEE value chain, examining the impact of the WEEE Directive in the UK. The interviews confirmed that reuse takes place for a limited number of product types, mostly on a small scale. Additionally, whilst legislation has prompted innovation in recycling and higher capture rates, resource recovery is in practice limited to easily salvageable materials, whilst recovery of critical raw materials is often neglected. Furthermore, there is confusion around available collection networks, particularly for small WEEE, which consistently appears in residual waste streams. The waste hierarchy remains the key component of EU waste strategy and moving to the higher levels of the waste hierarchy is an essential part of achieving sustainable waste management and moving towards a circular economy. The paper proposes a series of measures to this end: promoting recovery routes and practices that facilitate reuse of suitable products, adapting recycling technology to increase recovery of critical raw materials and targeted policies to encourage the application of the waste hierarchy within a resource efficiency-oriented framework.
Christine Cole; Alex Gnanapragasam; Tim Cooper; Jagdeep Singh. An assessment of achievements of the WEEE Directive in promoting movement up the waste hierarchy: experiences in the UK. Waste Management 2019, 87, 417 -427.
AMA StyleChristine Cole, Alex Gnanapragasam, Tim Cooper, Jagdeep Singh. An assessment of achievements of the WEEE Directive in promoting movement up the waste hierarchy: experiences in the UK. Waste Management. 2019; 87 ():417-427.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristine Cole; Alex Gnanapragasam; Tim Cooper; Jagdeep Singh. 2019. "An assessment of achievements of the WEEE Directive in promoting movement up the waste hierarchy: experiences in the UK." Waste Management 87, no. : 417-427.
Global economies have been characterised by a large dependency of material inflows from natural stocks, an exponential growth of material stock-in-use in the built environment, and the extensive disposal of waste material outflows to anthropogenic sinks. In this context, the concept of the circular economy has emerged, promising to circulate the stock-in-use of materials and transforming output waste material flows back into useful resources while promoting job and value creation. These promises have drawn the attention and interest of policymakers and industry, and gained popularity across society. Despite its apparent emergent legitimacy and diffusion, a few essential adjustments still need to be addressed so that circular economy initiatives can actually deliver on their promises without leading to negative unintended effects. First, a complete entanglement with the existing formal economy is fundamentally needed; this implies valuing the preservation of natural stocks and pricing material input flows adequately. Secondly, a recognition of its socio-economic embeddedness is essentially necessary. The decision-making of societal actors affects material configuration, which in turn affects societal actors; this important feedback loop needs to be explicitly taken into account in circular economy initiatives. The aim of this short communication paper is to explore these pervasive challenges in a broad context of sustainable physical resource management. An integrative framework for recognising the socio-economic embeddedness of the circular economy in practice and the role of the formal economic system in realising its ambitions is proposed.
Rafael Laurenti; Jagdeep Singh; Björn Frostell; Rajib Sinha; Claudia R. Binder. The Socio-Economic Embeddedness of the Circular Economy: An Integrative Framework. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2129 .
AMA StyleRafael Laurenti, Jagdeep Singh, Björn Frostell, Rajib Sinha, Claudia R. Binder. The Socio-Economic Embeddedness of the Circular Economy: An Integrative Framework. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (7):2129.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafael Laurenti; Jagdeep Singh; Björn Frostell; Rajib Sinha; Claudia R. Binder. 2018. "The Socio-Economic Embeddedness of the Circular Economy: An Integrative Framework." Sustainability 10, no. 7: 2129.
Increasing global demand for durable goods prevents the decoupling of economic growth from natural resource use required to achieve sustainable consumption and production. Presently, most consumers in the United Kingdom (UK) exhibit a strong preference for purchasing new durable goods. Therefore, short-to-medium term strategies that seek to engender sustainable consumption of durable goods should focus on encouraging consumers to choose longer-lasting, reliable products. This paper outlines the importance consumers place on six purchasing factors (appearance, brand, guarantee length, longevity, price and reliability) across eighteen categories of durable goods. Data was collected from a UK national survey of consumer satisfaction with product lifetimes (n=2207). The research identified that most consumers consistently emphasise the importance of longevity and reliability when purchasing new products. If consumer preference for longer-lasting, reliable products can be translated into purchasing behaviour, progress can be made towards engendering sustainable consumption, enacting the circular economy and reducing national ecological footprints.
Alex Gnanapragasam; Christine Cole; Jagdeep Singh; Tim Cooper. Consumer Perspectives on Longevity and Reliability: A National Study of Purchasing Factors Across Eighteen Product Categories. Procedia CIRP 2018, 69, 910 -915.
AMA StyleAlex Gnanapragasam, Christine Cole, Jagdeep Singh, Tim Cooper. Consumer Perspectives on Longevity and Reliability: A National Study of Purchasing Factors Across Eighteen Product Categories. Procedia CIRP. 2018; 69 ():910-915.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlex Gnanapragasam; Christine Cole; Jagdeep Singh; Tim Cooper. 2018. "Consumer Perspectives on Longevity and Reliability: A National Study of Purchasing Factors Across Eighteen Product Categories." Procedia CIRP 69, no. : 910-915.
Technological advances, with increasing numbers of products containing complex electronic circuitry, have resulted in e-waste becoming the fastest-growing global waste stream. High levels of embodied carbon in these products ensure that, to meet emissions reduction targets proposed by the United Nations Paris Agreement, tackling e-waste requires strategies to address climate change United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 13 (UNSDG13). This paper identifies the contribution improved reverse logistics can make to extending product lifetimes through facilitating reuse. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with academics, industry-leaders and policymakers in the United Kingdom and Europe. This research identified that improvements in availability and efficiency of reverse logistics processes would increase reuse potential and efficient resource recovery. Availability and efficiency challenges can be addressed through careful promotion, incentivisation, and engagement of existing compliance schemes. If these challenges are approached from a life cycle perspective, it will be possible to protect against value loss in global supply chains (UNSDG12) and address the climate action agenda.
Christine Cole; Alex Gnanapragasam; Jagdeep Singh; Tim Cooper. Enhancing Reuse and Resource Recovery of Electrical and Electronic Equipment with Reverse Logistics to Meet Carbon Reduction Targets. Procedia CIRP 2018, 69, 980 -985.
AMA StyleChristine Cole, Alex Gnanapragasam, Jagdeep Singh, Tim Cooper. Enhancing Reuse and Resource Recovery of Electrical and Electronic Equipment with Reverse Logistics to Meet Carbon Reduction Targets. Procedia CIRP. 2018; 69 ():980-985.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristine Cole; Alex Gnanapragasam; Jagdeep Singh; Tim Cooper. 2018. "Enhancing Reuse and Resource Recovery of Electrical and Electronic Equipment with Reverse Logistics to Meet Carbon Reduction Targets." Procedia CIRP 69, no. : 980-985.
The overall aim of this paper is to holistically address current challenges to WM with the help of a much broader systems view. In order to accomplish this aim, current WM issues are discussed in a global perspective to explore the gaps in current practices on a systemic level. Different examples are used to illustrate the various ‘deep root’ causes responsible for the current situations by highlighting various aspects related to WM, such as product design, consumer awareness and limited systemic view. The study leads to conclusions that the current efforts, rather isolated, in different systems for WM, waste reduction and resource management are indeed not sufficient in a long term sustainability perspective. The proposed broader systems approach considers production, consumption and WM systems aligned to provide long term sustainable solutions to waste issues.
Jagdeep Singh; Björn Frostell. Towards a broader systems approach to resource management: local to global and short-term to long-term solutions. Linnaeus Eco-Tech 2017, 1 .
AMA StyleJagdeep Singh, Björn Frostell. Towards a broader systems approach to resource management: local to global and short-term to long-term solutions. Linnaeus Eco-Tech. 2017; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJagdeep Singh; Björn Frostell. 2017. "Towards a broader systems approach to resource management: local to global and short-term to long-term solutions." Linnaeus Eco-Tech , no. : 1.
Jagdeep Singh; Tim Cooper. Towards a Sustainable Business Model for Plastic Shopping Bag Management in Sweden. Procedia CIRP 2017, 61, 679 -684.
AMA StyleJagdeep Singh, Tim Cooper. Towards a Sustainable Business Model for Plastic Shopping Bag Management in Sweden. Procedia CIRP. 2017; 61 ():679-684.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJagdeep Singh; Tim Cooper. 2017. "Towards a Sustainable Business Model for Plastic Shopping Bag Management in Sweden." Procedia CIRP 61, no. : 679-684.
Rajib Sinha; Rafael Laurenti; Jagdeep Singh; Maria E. Malmström; Björn Frostell. Identifying ways of closing the metal flow loop in the global mobile phone product system: A system dynamics modeling approach. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2016, 113, 65 -76.
AMA StyleRajib Sinha, Rafael Laurenti, Jagdeep Singh, Maria E. Malmström, Björn Frostell. Identifying ways of closing the metal flow loop in the global mobile phone product system: A system dynamics modeling approach. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2016; 113 ():65-76.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRajib Sinha; Rafael Laurenti; Jagdeep Singh; Maria E. Malmström; Björn Frostell. 2016. "Identifying ways of closing the metal flow loop in the global mobile phone product system: A system dynamics modeling approach." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 113, no. : 65-76.
Jagdeep Singh; Isabel Ordoñez. Resource recovery from post-consumer waste: important lessons for the upcoming circular economy. Journal of Cleaner Production 2016, 134, 342 -353.
AMA StyleJagdeep Singh, Isabel Ordoñez. Resource recovery from post-consumer waste: important lessons for the upcoming circular economy. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2016; 134 ():342-353.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJagdeep Singh; Isabel Ordoñez. 2016. "Resource recovery from post-consumer waste: important lessons for the upcoming circular economy." Journal of Cleaner Production 134, no. : 342-353.
Guanghong Zhou; Jagdeep Singh; Jiechen Wu; Rajib Sinha; Rafael Laurenti; Björn Frostell. Evaluating low-carbon city initiatives from the DPSIR framework perspective. Habitat International 2015, 50, 289 -299.
AMA StyleGuanghong Zhou, Jagdeep Singh, Jiechen Wu, Rajib Sinha, Rafael Laurenti, Björn Frostell. Evaluating low-carbon city initiatives from the DPSIR framework perspective. Habitat International. 2015; 50 ():289-299.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuanghong Zhou; Jagdeep Singh; Jiechen Wu; Rajib Sinha; Rafael Laurenti; Björn Frostell. 2015. "Evaluating low-carbon city initiatives from the DPSIR framework perspective." Habitat International 50, no. : 289-299.
Rafael Laurenti; Rajib Sinha; Jagdeep Singh; Björn Frostell. Some pervasive challenges to sustainability by design of electronic products – a conceptual discussion. Journal of Cleaner Production 2015, 108, 281 -288.
AMA StyleRafael Laurenti, Rajib Sinha, Jagdeep Singh, Björn Frostell. Some pervasive challenges to sustainability by design of electronic products – a conceptual discussion. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2015; 108 ():281-288.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafael Laurenti; Rajib Sinha; Jagdeep Singh; Björn Frostell. 2015. "Some pervasive challenges to sustainability by design of electronic products – a conceptual discussion." Journal of Cleaner Production 108, no. : 281-288.