Tannic acid (TA), a natural polyphenol with antiphlogistic and crosslinking properties, is a versatile component of hydrogel that can be delivered to inflammatory sites in oral applications. However, the impact of TA dampening an inflammatory response in oral cells remains to be shown. We, therefore, established a bioassay where chemokine expression is induced by exposing gingival fibroblasts and HSC2 oral squamous carcinoma cells to IL1β and TNFα. Additionally, gingival fibroblasts were stimulated with saliva and poly I:C HMW to trigger chemokine production. Our findings demonstrate that TA effectively reduced the expression of CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL8, and CXCL10—in gingival fibroblasts and HSC2 cells—without affecting cell viability. This effect was further confirmed by immunoassays for CXCL8. Moreover, we observed that TA decreased ERK, JNK, and p65 phosphorylation in gingival fibroblasts and partially inhibited NF-κβ/p65 nuclear translocation. Notably, TA released from a gellan gum hydrogel retained its ability to suppress chemokine expression in gingival fibroblasts. These in vitro findings provide insights into the anti-inflammatory properties of TA in oral cells and introduce gellan gum hydrogel as a delivery vehicle paving the way for future preclinical research.

This study aimed to evaluate the ability of ω-3 to modulate the tissue response in rats with MRONJ, focusing on histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters. Forty Wistar rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy and, three months later, the medication regimen with ZOL (100μg/kg; groups ZOL and ZOL-ω3) of vehicle (VEH and VEH-ω3) was initiated. Following 3 weeks of ZOL or VEH, experimental periodontitis was induced around the mandibular left first molars of all animals. Then, 14 days later (one day before tooth extraction), daily dietary supplementation with ω-3 was given to animals belonging to groups VEH-ω3 or ZOL-ω3. Euthanasia was performed 21 days after tooth extraction. Histologic, histometric (newly-formed bone tissue [NFBT] and non-vital bone tissue [NVBT]), and immunohistochemical (TNF-α, α-SMA, ALP, IL-1β, VEGF, OCN, and TRAP) analyses were performed. Dietary supplementation with ω-3 reduced the amount of NVBT and controlled the intensity and extension of the inflammatory infiltrate in ZOL-ω3, as compared with ZOL. Osteoclast and osteoblast activity were not statistically different between groups ZOL and ZOL-ω3. The structure of the epithelium and the underlining connective tissue were improved by the supplementation with ω-3 in animals under ZOL therapy. Oral supplementation with omega-3 controlled the inflammation and reduced the amount of non-vital bone at the tooth extraction site of ovariectomized rats treated with ZOL and attenuating the severity of MRONJ.

The study aimed to evaluate the potential protection against fractures of oral Q10 supplementation in the tibias of rats exposed to nicotine. Nicotine is known to negatively impact bone density and increase the risk of fractures, in addition to affecting other systems such as the gastrointestinal system, impairing its absorption capacity, negatively affecting bone health. To investigate this, eighty male rats were divided into four groups (n = 20) receiving either nicotine hemisulfate or saline solution (SS) for 28 days. Two daily subcutaneous applications were administered accordingly. Concurrently, vegetable glycerin and Q10 gavage began on day "0". SS: the animals in this group received two daily subcutaneous applications of sodium chloride solution during the entire trial period. 30 days after starting the SS applications subcutaneously, the animals received vegetable glycerin daily until the end of the experiment. SS-Q10: the animals received the SS protocol and daily supplementation with Q10 until the end of the experiment. NIC: The animals received the protocol for NIC and vegetable glycerin daily until the end of the experiment. NIC-Q10: The animals received the protocol for NIC and daily supplementation and Q10 until the end of the experiment. Euthanasia occurred at 7 and 28 days after the beginning the gavage. The tibiae collected were processed for morphometric, densitometric, mechanical, and microtomographic (micro-Ct) analysis. A complementary analysis of intestinal changes was performed. The groups that received Q10 showed slightly better results regarding the mechanical resistance and micro-Ct parameters and to intestinal histomorphometry, as compared with groups not supplemented with Q10. Thus, in rats, it can be concluded that coenzyme Q10 exhibited a protective property to the skeletal system and the gastrointestinal tract, even in the presence of nicotine.

A recessão gengival é caracterizada como o deslocamento apical da margem gengival em relação à junção cemento-esmalte, com consequente exposição da superfície radicular podendo promover desconforto estético e funcional. O tratamento das recessões gengivais consiste em técnicas cirúrgicas de recobrimento radicular, geralmente associadas ao enxerto de tecido conjuntivo autógeno, contudo, para a sua obtenção existe a necessidade de um segundo sítio cirúrgico, aumentando a morbidade no pós-operatório do paciente. O propósito deste relato de caso é apresentar a matriz de colágeno suína associada ao retalho posicionado coronal como alternativa ao enxerto autógeno de tecido conjuntivo. Paciente do gênero feminino, 45 anos, compareceu ao atendimento na clínica de periodontia do Unifunec (Centro Universitário de Santa Fé do Sul), queixando-se da estética do sorriso devido a recessões gengivais dos dentes 22 a 24. Após a avaliação clínica, a paciente foi diagnosticada com recessão gengival Classe RT1 dos dentes 22 a 24. A paciente foi submetida a cirurgia de recobrimento radicular por meio da técnica do retalho posicionado coronal associado à matriz de colágeno suína. Foi realizado acompanhamento de 30 dias, 12 e 24 meses. Após acompanhamento dos referidos períodos, notou-se um recobrimento satisfatório da superfície radicular, ganho de tecido gengival em altura e espessura evidenciado clinicamente, ausência de recidiva e trazendo satisfação funcional e estética para o paciente. Conclui-se que a utilização da matriz de colágeno suína, reduziu a morbidade do paciente, promoveu ganho de espessura do tecido gengival na área receptora, favorecendo a estabilidade tecidual. PORCINE COLLAGEN MATRIX AND CORONALLY DISPLACED FLAP IN THE TREATMENT OF MULTIPLE RECESSIONS: A CASE REPORT ABSTRACT Gingival recession is characterized as the apical displacement of the gingival margin in relation to the cement enamel junction, with consequent exposure of the root surface, which may cause aesthetic and functional discomfort. The treatment of gingival recessions consists of surgical techniques for root coverage, which are usually associated with autogenous connective tissue grafting; however, in order to obtain it, a second surgical procedure is required, increasing the patient's postoperative morbidity. The aim of this case report is to present the porcine collagen matrix associated with the coronally positioned flap as an alternative to autogenous connective tissue grafting. A 45-year-old female patient came to the periodontics clinic of the Unifunec (University Center of Santa Fé do Sul) complaining about the aesthetics of her smile due to gingival recession on teeth 22 to 24. After clinical evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with Class RT1 gingival recession on teeth 22 to 24. The patient underwent root coverage surgery using the coronally positioned flap technique associated with porcine collagen matrix. Follow-up was performed for 30 days, 12 and 24 months. After follow-up of the mentioned periods, it was noted a satisfactory covering of the root surface, gain of gingival tissue in height and thickness clinically evidenced, absence of relapse and bringing functional and aesthetic satisfaction to the patient. It can be concluded that the use of porcine collagen matrix reduced the morbidity of the patient, promoted thickness gain of the gingival tissue in the recipient area, favoring tissue stability. Keywords: Gingival recession. Periodontics. Gingiva. Soft tissue management. Collagen matrix. Mucogingival surgery.

Periimplantitis is an inflammatory process that affects the tissues around osseointegrated functional implants, promoting progressive loss of supporting bone. This integrative literature review aimed to evaluate the results of different therapies combined with surgical techniques for treating peri-implantitis. A literature search was performed in PubMed and LILACS databases with periimplantitis and surgical treatment descriptors. The selection criteria included randomized controlled clinical trials published in the last five years, in English, with full text, in which surgical techniques treated peri-implantitis. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria and were submitted for analysis. Four hundred sixty-five patients were evaluated, with a mean follow-up period of 12 months. The therapies combined with surgical techniques were the use of enamel matrix-derived protein (EMD), antibiotic therapy, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, implantoplasty, glycine blasting, and bone grafts, mainly of alloplastic or xenogeneic origin, which were associated or not with bioresorbable membranes and choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid. Based on the results, the combined therapies with bone grafts were more employed regardless of origin. However, the grafting material of xenogenous origin showed better results in the percentage of filling of the bone defect. Moreover, PDME also showed positive results when used. According to the established problem question, combined therapies associated with surgical techniques are more effective than isolated surgical therapies, and using grafting materials or the PDME presented the best results. AVALIAÇÃO DE TERAPIAS COMBINADAS NO TRATAMENTO CIRÚRGICO DA PERI-IMPLANTITE: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA RESUMO A peri-implantite é um processo inflamatório que afeta os tecidos ao redor de implantes funcionais osseointegrados, promovendo a perda progressiva do osso de suporte. Essa revisão integrativa da literatura teve como objetivo avaliar os resultados de diferentes terapias combinadas com técnicas cirúrgicas para o tratamento da peri-implantite. Foi realizada uma pesquisa da literatura nos bancos de dados PubMed e LILACS com os descritores peri-implantite e tratamento cirúrgico. Os critérios de seleção incluíram ensaios clínicos controlados e randomizados publicados nos últimos cinco anos, em inglês, com texto completo, nos quais as técnicas cirúrgicas tratavam a peri-implantite. Doze estudos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e foram submetidos à análise. Quatrocentos e sessenta e cinco pacientes foram avaliados, em um período aproximado de acompanhamento de 12 meses. As terapias combinadas com as técnicas cirúrgicas foram o uso de proteína derivada da matriz do esmalte (EMD), tratamento com antibióticos, terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana, implantoplastia, jateamento de glicina e enxertos ósseos, principalmente de origem aloplástica ou xenogênica, que foram associados ou não a membranas biorreabsorvíveis e ácido ortosilícico estabilizado em colina. Com base nos resultados, as terapias combinadas com enxertos ósseos foram mais empregadas, independentemente da origem. No entanto, o material de enxerto de origem xenógena apresentou melhores resultados na porcentagem de preenchimento do defeito ósseo. Além disso, o PDME também apresentou resultados positivos quando utilizado. De acordo com a questão-problema estabelecida, as terapias combinadas associadas às técnicas cirúrgicas são mais eficazes do que as terapias cirúrgicas isoladas, e o uso de materiais de enxerto ou o PDME apresentaram os melhores resultados. Palavras-chave: peri-implantite; periodontia; implante dentário osseointegrado.

O enxerto gengival livre - EGL é uma técnica cirúrgica utilizada na odontologia para corrigir recessões gengivais e aumentar a faixa de tecido gengival queratinizado. Esse procedimento é indicado em casos de exposição radicular e deficiência de mucosa queratinizada, visando melhorar a estética e a saúde periodontal do paciente. O presente estudo relata um caso clínico de uma paciente feminina de 24 anos submetida a um EGL após frenectomia do freio labial inferior. O acompanhamento pós-operatório de dois anos demonstrou resultados satisfatórios, com proliferação em altura e aumento da largura de tecido queratinizado. Conclui-se que o EGL é uma abordagem viável e segura para o tratamento de raízes expostas e melhoria da morfologia periodontal a longo prazo. CASE REPORT: FREE GINGIVAL GRAFT AFTER FRENECTOMY TO INCREASE KERATINIZED GINGIVAL TISSUE ABSTRACT Free Gingival Graft (FGG) is a surgical technique used in dentistry to correct gingival recession and increase the width of keratinized gingiva. The procedure is indicated in cases of root exposure and lack of keratinized mucosa, with the aim of improving aesthetics and periodontal health. Evidence shows that FGG effectively increases the height and width of keratinized tissue; it also improves peri-implant health and facilitates oral hygiene, and may be more predictable than other techniques when vestibular depth needs to be increased. This case report describes a 24-year-old female patient who underwent an FGG after labial frenectomy. Two-year follow-up demonstrated satisfactory outcomes, with vertical growth and increased width of keratinized tissue, yielding an improved periodontal morphology. We conclude that FGG combined with frenectomy is a viable and safe approach for treating exposed roots and enhancing periodontal morphology over the long term. Keywords: Free gingival graft; keratinized gingiva; frenectomy.