Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural flavonoid polyphenol compound extracted from the plants which shows various biological activities. However, the clinical application of RSV is limited by its poor aqueous solubility, rapid metabolism and poor bioavailability. In this study, resveratrol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (RSV- SLNs) was design as a nano-antioxidant against the physical fatigue. The resultant RSV-SLNs were characterized by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), transmission electron micrographs (TEM), zeta potential, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Raman spectroscopy pattern. Furthermore, the in vivo anti-fatigue effect assays showed that RSV-SLNs prolonged the mice exhausted time and running distance. The biochemical parameters of blood related to fatigue suggested that RSV-SLNs have potential applications to improve the antioxidant defense of the mice after extensive exercise and confer anti-fatigue capability. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of antioxidant by RSV-SLNs supplementation was investigated through the analysis of silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) protein expression, which demonstrated that it could downregulate the expression of SIRT1 and increase autophagy markers, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II (LC3-II) and sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1/p62). These results reveal that the RSV-SLNs may have great potential used as a novel anti-fatigue sports nutritional supplement.

Resveratrol (RSV) has various pharmacological effects; however, few studies have directly addressed the possible antifatigue effects of long-term endurance exercise. The clinical use of RSV is limited by its poor water solubility and extremely short plasma half-life. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are considered as reasonable drug delivery systems to overcome some of these drawbacks and expand its applications. In this study, RSV-SLNs were successfully prepared through emulsification and low-temperature solidification. Results showed that RSV-SLN supplementation effectively enhanced endurance performance. RSV-SLN supplementation might enhance mitochondrial function by ameliorating mitochondrial quality control (QC), which was superior to RSV application. These results revealed an unexpected role of RSV-SLN compared with RSV in terms of linking nutrient deprivation to mitochondrial oxidant production through mitochondrial QC. A mitochondrion-mediated pathway was likely involved in RSV-SLN, thereby improving endurance performance. Overall, this study highlighted new possibilities for anti-physical-fatigue strategies.

Children’s motor skills can be fully developed only by the appropriate stimulation of physical activities and the environment, and the poor development of motor skills greatly increases the risk of cognitive impairment, obesity, and movement coordination disorder. This study aimed to examine the effects of Chinese martial arts on the motor skills of preschool children aged 5–6 years through a randomized controlled trial. A total of 87 children aged 5–6 years served as participants in a martial arts sensory teaching group (MAST, n = 29), a martial arts traditional teaching group (MATT, n = 29), and a free activity group (FA, n = 29). The interventions were conducted twice weekly for a total of 10 weeks, with each session lasting 30 min. Children’s motor skills were assessed before and after the intervention using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2). The results indicated that the balance index scores in the MAST (p < 0.001) and MATT (p = 0.014) groups were significantly higher than those in the FA and that the MAST score was significantly higher than the MATT (p = 0.004). Meanwhile, the MAST was significantly higher in total scores on motor skills when compared to the FA (p = 0.039), and the MAST showed significantly higher scores on manual dexterity when compared to both the MATT (p = 0.021) and FA (p = 0.011). Chinese martial arts can significantly improve the balance ability of preschool children, and the MAST method was found to be better than that of the MATT. Meanwhile, the MAST had good potential for the development of preschool children’s manual dexterity and their overall level of motor skills.

The possible role of fatty acid translocase (CD36) in the treatment of obesity has gained increasing research interest since researchers recognized its coordinated function in fatty acid uptake and oxidation. However, the effect of CD36 deficiency on intracellular insulin signaling is complex and its impact may depend on different nutritional stresses. Therefore, we investigated the various effects of CD36 deletion on insulin signaling in C2C12 myotubes with or without palmitic acid (PA) overload. In the present work, we reported the upregulated expression levels of CD36 in the skeletal muscle tissues of obese humans and mice as well as in C2C12 myotubes with PA stimulation. CD36 knockdown using RNA interference showed that insulin signaling was impaired in CD36-deficient C2C12 cells in the absence of PA loading, suggesting that CD36 is essential for the maintenance of insulin action, possibly resulting from increased mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress; however, CD36 deletion improved insulin signaling in the presence of PA overload due to a reduction in lipid overaccumulation. In conclusion, we identified differential roles of CD36 in regulating muscle insulin response under conditions with and without PA overload, which provides supportive evidence for further research into therapeutic approaches to diabetes.

The aim of this study is to assess the relationship of leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADPN) with other circulating fat markers, physical capacity, behaviors, and anthropometric indices in a population of overweight and obese Chinese university students. LEP and ADPN levels, as well as behavioral, anthropometric, biochemical, and performance characteristics, were measured. Method: A total of 17 anthropometric parameters, 8 questionnaires (investigating quality of life, sleep, eating, perceived functioning, stress, and depression), 9 biochemical parameters, and 12 functional parameters were investigated. Results: In contrast to previous studies, our work found an unusually strong relationship between LEP and ADPN (r = 0.961, p = 0.000) that can be related to ethnicity. We also found that LEP and ADPN were associated with stress and bodily pain. A total of 12 anthropometric measures were also associated with LEP/ADNP levels. Moreover, LEP and ADPN were found to be related to lower limb, hand, and abdominal strength; blood pressure; and basic metabolism. However, we did not find associations with sleep; eating habits; or cardiovascular fitness, which was measured in the form of resting heart rate and VO_2max. Conclusion: This study reveals new relationships of LEP and ADPN with selected anthropometric and behavioral parameters in obese Chinese college students.