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Xiaojiao Chang
Institute of Grain & Oil Science and Technology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China;(X.C.);(H.L.);(J.S.);(J.W.);(C.Z.);(W.Z.)

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Journal article
Published: 13 February 2020 in Toxins
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The estrogen-like mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEN) is one of the most widely distributed contaminants especially in maize and its commodities, such as corn oil. ZEN degrading enzymes possess the potential for counteracting the negative effect of ZEN and its associated high safety risk in corn oil. Herein, we targeted enhancing the secretion of ZEN degrading enzyme by Pichia pastoris through constructing an expression plasmid containing three optimized expression cassettes of zlhy-6 codon and signal peptides. Further, we explored various parameters of enzymatic detoxification in neutralized oil and analyzed tocopherols and sterols losses in the corn oil. In addition, the distribution of degraded products was demonstrated as well by Agilent 6510 Quadrupole Time-of-Flight mass spectrometry. P. pastoris GSZ with the glucoamylase signal was observed with the highest ZLHY-6 secretion yield of 0.39 mg/mL. During the refining of corn oil, ZEN in the crude oil was reduced from 1257.3 to 13 µg/kg (3.69% residual) after neutralization and enzymatic detoxification. Compared with the neutralized oil, no significant difference in the total tocopherols and sterols contents was detected after enzymatic detoxification. Finally, the degraded products were found to be entirely eliminated by washing. This study presents an enzymatic strategy for efficient and safe ZEN removal with relatively low nutrient loss, which provides an important basis for further application of enzymatic ZEN elimination in the industrial process of corn oil production.

ACS Style

Xiaojiao Chang; Hujun Liu; Jing Sun; Jun Wang; Chengcheng Zhao; Wan Zhang; Jie Zhang; Changpo Sun. Zearalenone Removal from Corn Oil by an Enzymatic Strategy. Toxins 2020, 12, 117 .

AMA Style

Xiaojiao Chang, Hujun Liu, Jing Sun, Jun Wang, Chengcheng Zhao, Wan Zhang, Jie Zhang, Changpo Sun. Zearalenone Removal from Corn Oil by an Enzymatic Strategy. Toxins. 2020; 12 (2):117.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaojiao Chang; Hujun Liu; Jing Sun; Jun Wang; Chengcheng Zhao; Wan Zhang; Jie Zhang; Changpo Sun. 2020. "Zearalenone Removal from Corn Oil by an Enzymatic Strategy." Toxins 12, no. 2: 117.

Journal article
Published: 20 March 2018 in Toxins
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The determination of zearalenone (ZEN) and its derivatives as biomarkers in animal tissues or organs plays an important role in mycotoxin monitoring and can promote effective exposure assessment. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous quantification of nine ZEN-like mycotoxins, including three glucuronides in different pig tissues (heart, liver, spleen and muscle) was developed and validated in this study. Tissue samples were extracted using a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extraction and clean-up procedure, and analyzed by LC-MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Dynamic linear ranges for each target analyte were determined with R2 between 0.916 and 0.999. The LODs of the six ZENs were achieved in the range of 0.5–1 ng/g and the LOQs varied from 1 ng/g to 2 ng/g. The satisfying intra-day and inter-day reproducibility (both RSDr and RSDR < 20%) indicated a good stability of this method. The recoveries of the nine target analytes were in the range of 70–110%. The validation results showed that this LC-MS/MS method coupled with QuEChERS sample pretreatment is effective and suitable for the simultaneous quantitation of ZEN metabolites in pigs. It has been applied to analysis of the pig tissues in this research and can be also adapted for samples in the mycotoxin research field.

ACS Style

Zheng Yan; Lan Wang; Jun Wang; Yanglan Tan; Dianzhen Yu; Xiaojiao Chang; Yingying Fan; Duoyong Zhao; Cheng Wang; Marthe De Boevre; Sarah De Saeger; Changpo Sun; Aibo Wu. A QuEChERS-Based Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Nine Zearalenone-Like Mycotoxins in Pigs. Toxins 2018, 10, 129 .

AMA Style

Zheng Yan, Lan Wang, Jun Wang, Yanglan Tan, Dianzhen Yu, Xiaojiao Chang, Yingying Fan, Duoyong Zhao, Cheng Wang, Marthe De Boevre, Sarah De Saeger, Changpo Sun, Aibo Wu. A QuEChERS-Based Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Nine Zearalenone-Like Mycotoxins in Pigs. Toxins. 2018; 10 (3):129.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zheng Yan; Lan Wang; Jun Wang; Yanglan Tan; Dianzhen Yu; Xiaojiao Chang; Yingying Fan; Duoyong Zhao; Cheng Wang; Marthe De Boevre; Sarah De Saeger; Changpo Sun; Aibo Wu. 2018. "A QuEChERS-Based Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Nine Zearalenone-Like Mycotoxins in Pigs." Toxins 10, no. 3: 129.