The concept of landscape has opened up a vast field of contemporary multidisciplinary research. Character identification, typology, digital presentation, protection and evaluation from the aspect of tourist suitability are some of the main topics. Unfortunately, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, there is a very small number of complex studies that try to study landscapes in the function of tourism development. The main purpose of the research is the identification of landscape characters, the creation of their typology, and the assessment of their suitability for the development of sustainable tourism in the area of the Vrbanja river basin. The methodological procedure consisted of three steps. The first was a desk study, which included a review of data from the available literature and maps of hydrological, geological, pedological, geomorphological, and climate studies of this area. In this way, the geographical basis of the research was created in the form of four thematic maps (relief, hydrographic, pedological, and forest complex maps) using the ArcGIS 10.8 software. The second step was the spatial identification of landscape types in the area of the studied basin. This was done in ArcGIS 10.8 by overlaying and combining the obtained thematic maps of the basin. The result was a map with four general types and 14 subtypes within the Vrbanja basin. The third and final step was the evaluation and assessment of the suitability of each type of landscape for tourism activities. The assessment was made by scoring factors of anthropogenic influence, natural characteristics, and visual impression on a Likert scale of 1–4. The final results of the research show that the high mountain areas with forest and semi-rural type and the hilly areas with forest and rural landscape type have the greatest overall suitability for the development of tourism.

This study aims to explore the opportunities and challenges of sustainable conservation in the Drina Transboundary Biosphere Reserve (TBR Drina). Two countries in 2004 launched activities on the designation of TBR Drina, which would make a unique territorial system of Tara National Park (NP Tara) in the Republic of Serbia and Drina National Park (NP Drina) in the Republic of Srpska/Bosnia and Herzegovina. Through the analysis of institutional and legal jurisdiction, the authors presented the management system of protected areas in both countries, with detailed insight into the specific mechanisms of government functioning and management in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Its complex state apparatus represents the biggest limiting factor for the formation of TBR Drina. Through qualitative research, the researched area’s natural, cultural-historical, and socio-economic potentials were identified and recommendations were made for their optimal valorization and utilization. Research has shown that the natural, cultural-historical conditions of TBR Drina represent the potential for development, in contrast to the socio-economic conditions that make up its limiting factor. By planning through the cooperation between the border regions of both countries through support at the state level, TBR Drina can be recovered gradually, with the relative coexistence of ecological, social, and economic components of space, in the forthcoming period.

Protected areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina represent an important resource for the development of sustainable tourism, with particular potential for agritourism in rural regions. The aim of the study was to analyse the tourism valorisation of protected areas and visitors’ attitudes toward natural and cultural resources. The study encompassed 40 protected areas in Bosnia and Herzegovina, applying both quantitative and qualitative methods, including a weighted Tourism Valorisation Index (tourist arrivals Di, tourism supply Pi, promotion Mᵢ) and a survey of 206 respondents with experience in mountain and recreational activities. The results indicate that tourism supply and promotion contribute most strongly to valorisation, with national parks achieving the highest index values (Di = 0.408; Pi = 0.82; Mi = 0.85), while strictly protected areas record minimal tourist traffic (Di = 0.003-0.006; Pi = 0.12-0.15; Mi = 0.10-0.12). Survey data confirm visitors’ orientation toward nature-based stays, active tourism, and the involvement of local communities. Respondents highly value the preservation of the natural environment, the authenticity of experiences, and socio-economic contributions (ratings 4-5). Stricter protection regimes support ecological and educational forms of tourism, whereas sites with lower levels of protection achieve higher tourism intensity through recreational and cultural activities. The integration of quantitative and qualitative data provides a basis for strategic planning of sustainable tourism, including agritourism and ecotourism.

The special nature reserve of the canyon of the "Cvrcka" river represents a significant river area on the northeastern slopes of the Čemernica mountain. It is located in the northwestern part of the Republic of Srpska, i.e., in the northern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. This river system, with numerous waterfalls, cascades, and steep cliff s, was formed by the erosive action of the Vrbanja and Cvrcka rivers. The bed of the Vrbanja river and its left tributary Cvrcka constitute the primary hydrographic resource of this special nature reserve. In the Cvrcka valley, specific plant and animal species (eagles and birds) inhabit, forming a unique biodiversity in this area. The Cvrcka river valley is attractive to visitors, with picturesque natural landscapes and authentic traditional objects. The study aims to determine whether the special nature reserve of the Cvrcka canyon represents an important resource for the development of sustainable tourism in the Republic of Srpska. The research methodology is based on structured interviews designed to measure elements of tourist attractiveness and mobility concerning the Cvrcka canyon. The obtained results from the conducted questionnaire will be used for analyzing the impact of tourism development factors and their interrelationships, which align with the Tourism Development Strategy of the Republic of Srpska. The obtained research results confirm the initial hypothesis about the importance of the Cvrcka canyon for the development of ecotourism at the level of the Republic of Srpska and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The paper also highlights the discrepancy between the significance of this area and the current state of its valorization and promotion. Finally, measures for the protection and valorization of the landscape values of the valley and the sources of the Cvrcka river are proposed. In this regard, better cooperation with relevant institutions is recommended, which will significantly contribute to the improvement of sustainable tourism and the development of the local area.