Integration of different cyber-physical systems involves a development process that takes into account some solutions for intercommunicating and interoperating heterogeneous devices. Each device can be managed as a thing within the Internet-of-Things concept by using web technologies. In addition, a “thing” can be managed as an encapsulated component by applying component-based software engineering principles. Based on this context, we propose a solution for integrating heterogeneous systems using a specific component-based technology. Specifically, we focus on enabling the connection of different types of subsystems present in smart home solutions. This technology enables interoperability by applying a homogeneous component representation that provides communication features through web sockets, and by implementing gateways in proprietary network connections. Furthermore, our solution eases the extension of these systems by means of abstract representations of the architectures and devices that form part of them. The approach is validated through an example scenario with different subsystems of a smart home solution.

Mashup user interfaces provides their functionality through the combination of different services. The integration of such services can be solved by using reusable and third-party components. Furthermore, these interfaces must be adapted to user pref

Oceanographic buoys are essential platforms for marine observation, supporting real-time monitoring, climate studies, operational oceanography, coastal management, and offshore activities. This review maps the scientific literature on oceanographic buoys and identifies the main research sectors that structure the field. A Scopus search using TITLE-ABS-KEY((oceanographic OR metocean OR “ocean observing” OR “ocean observation”) AND (buoy OR buoys)) retrieved 1876 documents published between 1938 and 2026. The records were processed using a network-based sector detection and visualization workflow. Five thematic sectors were identified: platform engineering, sensors, moorings, and autonomous systems; marine wind, waves, metocean, and offshore energy applications; physical oceanography, sea-surface temperature (SST), currents, and environmental variability; coastal and ocean observing networks and operational services; and drifting buoys, floats, and global ocean datasets. The results show that buoy research has evolved from isolated measurement systems to integrated observing infrastructures that combine in situ sensing, satellite validation, autonomous operation, telemetry, and decision-support services. By linking bibliometric structure and thematic interpretation, this review provides a sector-based map showing where scientific observation, engineering design, operational services, and autonomous technologies converge.