No brasil, a utilização de pastagens se constitui como a principal fonte de alimentar dos rebanhos. Contudo, em regiões semiáridas o emprego desse recurso pode ser limitado, principalmente pelas irregularidades climáticas, sendo necessário recorrer as pastagens cultivadas. Com isso, é imprescindível conhecer o valor nutricional dessas espécies, com vista ao estabelecimento de dietas balanceadas, maximizando a cadeia produtiva. Dessa forma, o objetivo desta revisão é apresentar as principais espécies cultivadas no semiárido, assim como evidenciar seus atributos bromatológicos, com vista ao aumento da sustentabilidade do sistema, assim como aumentar o desenvolvimento da cadeia produtiva nesses ambientes. Para isso, foi utilizada uma busca sistemática de artigos científicos em quatro plataformas sendo elas: Scielo, Google Scholar, Science direct e Scopus, prezando tanto qualidade como atualidade do tema em questão. O conhecimento da qualidade nutricional de uma espécie, além de incrementar o sistema produtivo, ainda o torna menos oneroso, uma vez que a combinação de espécies com diferentes atributos na alimentação pode fornecer o que o animal precisa em termos nutricionais, evitando a compra de alimentos concentrados.Palavras-chave: carboidratos, leguminosas, gramíneas, Nopalea, Opuntia, sustentabilidade. Nutritive value of forage plants cultivated in the brazilian semiarid region A B S T R A C TIn Brazil, the use of pasture is the main source of food for livestock. However, in semi-arid regions, the use of this resource may be limited, mainly due to climatic irregularities, making it necessary to use cultivated pastures. Thus, it is essential to know the nutritional value of these species, in order to establish balanced diets, maximizing the production chain. Thus, the objective of this review is to present the main species cultivated in the semi-arid region, as well as to highlight their bromatological attributes, with a view to increasing the sustainability of the system, as well as increasing the development of the production chain in these environments. For this, a systematic search of scientific articles in four platforms was used, namely: Scielo, Google Scholar, Science direct and Scopus, valuing both quality and timeliness of the topic in question. Knowledge of the nutritional quality of a species, besides increasing the production system, also makes it less expensive, since the combination of species with different attributes in the diet can provide what the animal needs in terms of nutrition, avoiding the purchase of concentrated feed. Keywords: carbohydrates, legumes, grasses, Nopalea, Opuntia, sustainability

In arid and semi-arid regions, it is essential to search for strategies that favor the cultivation of forage plants, such as the use of forage species that are resistant or tolerant to local climatic conditions, as well as the use of management practices, such as intercropping, due to livestock is the main economic activity developed in these regions. The consortium promotes an increase in the productivity of plants cultivated by area, however, when intercropped, there is interspecific competition between the cultures, reducing the individual yield of the plants. In this sense, this review aimed to explain concepts and applicability of indicators of biological efficiency and competitive ability of consortia of xerophilous forage plants, to improve the efficiency and management of these systems. To carry out this review, searches were carried out in the following databases: Google Scholar, CAPES Periodicals, SciELO and Scopus. The cultivation of xerophilous forage plants is an alternative to guarantee the supply of quality and quantity food for animals in arid and semi-arid environments throughout the year, especially in the dry season. The application of biological indices and competitive ability in intercropped systems helps to understand the interspecific relationships between intercropped crops, as well as the economic benefits and essential aspects of cultivation.

The radish culture is highly sensitive to salinity. The use of an amino acid-based biostimulant can, therefore, be an attenuator of the deleterious effect of salinity on the radish crop. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a biostimulant based on amino acids and freshwater algae extract on radish (Raphanus sativus L.) cultivated under irrigation conditions with saline water. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse. The saline levels evaluated were 0.15, 1.8, and 2.8 dS.m-1 and four doses of biostimulant were applied (0, 2, 4, and 6 mL/L). The statistical design was completely randomized, in a 4x3 factorial scheme with 4 replications. Biometric and biomass analyses, sodium and potassium contents, and soluble solids were performed. Was observed that plants submitted to high salinity levels (2.8 dS m-1) with application of 6mL/L of the biostimulant showed high values in height (12.2 cm), stem (5mm) and tuber (6mm) diameter, leaf area (50cm2), fresh and dry mass of aerial part (3.5 g) and underground system (5.8 g). The application of the biostimulant 6 mL/L, at the salinity level of 2.8 dS.m-1, favored the increase of saline ions in the tuber of the plants. The application the biostimulant provided a higher content of soluble solids. Applications of the biostimulant in plants with saline stress showed beneficial responses in the performance of the radish, therefore the dose of 6 mL/L is recommended for a satisfactory response of the performance of the radish in saline conditions.

Salinity poses a significant challenge in modern agriculture, often inhibiting growth and yield, especially in sensitive crops like onions (Allium cepa L.). This study evaluated the effectiveness of a freshwater-algae-based biostimulant on two onion cultivars, Franciscana IPA-10 and Vale Ouro IPA-11, to mitigate saline irrigation’s adverse effects. Five biostimulant concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mL L⁻¹, applied to the soil) were tested, along with two foliar treatments at 2 mL L⁻¹ as controls. Our findings showed that applying 4 mL L⁻¹ to the soil boosted growth rates to 1.0 cm per day (1), increased the potassium-to-sodium ratio in bulbs, and improved both average bulb weight by 25.11% and overall productivity by 24.28%, relative to untreated conditions. These results suggest that the biostimulant at 4 mL L⁻¹ is an effective method to enhance resilience to saline stress and increase productivity in the IPA-10 and IPA-11 cultivars. However, while the biostimulant improved plant performance, it did not counteract the accumulation of salts in the soil. Therefore, additional management practices such as leaching and drainage are recommended to ensure sustainable onion production under saline water irrigation.

Radish is a tuberous vegetable rich in nutrients, making it a great option for crop rotation on small and medium-sized properties. In this way, the determination adequate sources and doses of nitrogen (N) is essential to guarantee the development of this crop without excessive losses through leaching, reducing both damage to the environment and production costs. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and physiology of radish cultivated under fertilization with different sources and doses of N. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse located in the experimental area of the Biotechnology and Plant Breeding Sector of the Department of Biosciences of the Center for Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme (two sources of nitrogen fertilization – urea and ammonium sulfate; and five doses of nitrogen fertilizer – 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 kg ha-1) with four replications. Plant height, fresh and dry mass of roots, fresh and dry mass of shoots, number of leaves, leaf area, gas exchange, chlorophyll index and chlorophyll fluorescence were evaluated. Radish growth was positively influenced by N sources and doses. The application of urea was more efficient for plant growth, chlorophyll a index and total chlorophyll index, and fertilization with 15.0 kg ha-1 of urea was the most efficient way to increase the growth and production of radish plants.

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most widely cultivated and consumed oilseed crops globally, with seed quality being a critical factor for successful cultivation and productivity. Among the main phytopathogenic agents associated with seeds, fungi stand out due to their frequency and the extent of damage they can cause, ranging from the sowing period to post-harvest. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of commercial biological products on the sanitary and physiological quality of peanut seeds. The experiment was conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse of the Phytopathology Laboratory at CCA/UFPB, Areia–PB, Brazil. The treatments included: Vacciplant®, Shocker®, Tricho Turbo®, Auin®, Ecotrich®, Captana®, and a control using sterilized distilled water (SDW). The following parameters were evaluated: fungal incidence, seed moisture content, germination, first count, germination and emergence speed indices, as well as seedling growth and dry mass. All treatments reduced the incidence of Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Chaetomium sp., and Aspergillus sp. The highest germination speed index (GSI) was observed with Ecotrich® (87.29). The products Ecotrich®, Auin®, and Captana® promoted greater shoot and root growth, while Shocker®, Auin®, and Captana® were most effective in increasing shoot dry mass. All treatments outperformed the control in seedling emergence, with Captana® being the most effective. The results indicate that biological products are a promising alternative for peanut seed treatment, with positive effects on seed health, germination, and vigor.