The aim of the study was to evaluate the real-world clinical outcomes of atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Atez/Bev) as the initial therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We retrospectively analyzed 65 patients treated with Atez/Bev for advanced HCC from 22 institutions in Turkey between September 2020 and March 2023. Responses were evaluated by RECIST v1.1 criteria. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Cox regression model was employed to conduct multivariate analyses. The median age was 65 (range, 22–89) years, and 83.1% of the patients were male. A total of 1.5% achieved a complete response, 35.4% had a partial response, 36.9% had stable disease, and 26.2% had progressive disease. The disease control rate was 73.8% and associated with alpha-fetoprotein levels at diagnosis and concomitant antibiotic use. The incidence rates of any grade and grade ≥ 3 adverse events were 29.2% and 10.7%, respectively. At a median follow-up of 11.3 (3.4–33.3) months, the median PFS and OS were 5.1 (95% CI: 3–7.3) and 18.1 (95% CI: 6.2–29.9) months, respectively. In univariate analyses, ECOG-PS ≥ 1 (relative to 0), Child-Pugh class B (relative to A), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) > 2.9 (relative to ≤ 2.9), and concomitant antibiotic use significantly increased the overall risk of mortality. Multivariate analysis revealed that ECOG-PS ≥ 1 (HR: 2.69, P = .02), NLR > 2.9 (HR: 2.94, P = .017), and concomitant antibiotic use (HR: 4.18, P = .003) were independent predictors of OS. Atez/Bev is an effective and safe first-line therapy for advanced-stage HCC in a real-world setting. The survival benefit was especially promising in patients with a ECOG-PS score of 0, Child-Pugh class A, lower NLR, and patients who were not exposed to antibiotics during the treatment.

Objective To investigate the impact of cumulative cisplatin dose on clinical outcomes in locally advanced cervical cancer patients undergoing definitive chemoradiotherapy. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 654 patients with stage IB3–IVA disease treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy. Radiotherapy was applied as external beam pelvic with or without para-aortic radiotherapy and brachytherapy. Concomitant chemotherapy was in the form of weekly or 3 weekly cisplatin. Data on demographics, treatment protocols, cumulative cisplatin dose, adverse effects, and survival outcomes were collected. Statistical analyses, including univariate and multivariate Cox regression models, were used to assess factors influencing progression free survival and overall survival. Results The median cumulative cisplatin dose was 210 mg (range 40–320), and ≥200 mg in 503 (76.9%) patients. Median follow-up was 35 months (range 1–150). The 5 year progression free survival and overall survival rates were 66.9% and 77.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified poor performance status, non-squamous cell histology, presence of lymph node metastases, and hemoglobin <10 g/dL before chemoradiotherapy as poor prognostic factors for both progression free survival and overall survival in the whole group. When stage III cases were evaluated separately, the cumulative cisplatin dose 200 mg, particularly in patients with lymph node metastases, significantly improved overall survival. Factors such as anemia, toxicity related challenges, and comorbidities were identified as critical considerations in treatment planning. These findings emphasize the balance between maximizing therapeutic efficacy and managing toxicity, guiding personalized treatment approaches for locally advanced cervical cancer.

This study addresses the gap in understanding the prognostic relevance of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) expression in metastatic cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients undergoing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-based therapy. A retrospective multicenter study (n = 34) explored HIF-1 alpha expression via immunohistochemistry in patients treated with platinum chemotherapy and bevacizumab. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly lower in the HIF-1 alpha low score group compared to the high score group (4.9 vs 12.9 months, P = 0.014). Similarly, the median overall survival (OS) was significantly reduced in the HIF-1 alpha low score group (8.3 vs 20.4 months, P = 0.006). This study, the first of its kind, highlights the prognostic significance of HIF-1 alpha expression in metastatic cervical SCC patients treated with bevacizumab-based therapy.

Multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) are fundamental to cancer care but face increasing burdens. This pilot study evaluates a large language model (LLM) simulating a tumor board for a clinically complex cohort of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, using a full-context guideline injection methodology to ground its reasoning in authoritative standards. Ten real-world NSCLC cases were presented to Google's Gemini 2.5 Pro using prompt engineering. The model was primed by providing the complete National Cancer Institute guidelines as in-context source data in a structured JSON file. AI-generated recommendations were scored against the institutional human MDT. The LLM demonstrated high performance, achieving mean scores of 4.9/5.0 for content accuracy, 5.0/5.0 for internal consistency, and 4.4/5.0 for clinical applicability. Importantly, no safety concerns were identified in the AI's recommendations. However, the model did not generate any novel insights beyond those considered by the human MDT. An LLM primed with comprehensive guidelines can accurately and safely replicate MDT recommendations for complex NSCLC cases. The combination of guideline injection and meticulous prompt engineering is a critical strategy for ensuring LLM reliability. This positions these models as powerful decision-support tools to augment, not replace, expert clinical workflow.