To present the 2-year clinical outcomes of short-span implant-supported hybrid composite restorations, namely single crowns (SCs) and fixed partial prostheses (FPPs), produced using tilting stereolithography (TSLA). This retrospective study was based on data from a cohort 145 patients, treated between June 2021 and June 2023, with 185 fixed short-span implant-supported hybrid composite restorations (Irix Max®, RD Printing, Thiene, Vicenza, Italy) produced using tilting stereolithography (TSLA). The restorations were manufactured through a fully digital, model-free workflow, which included intra-oral scanning, computer-aided design (CAD) and additive manufacturing with the TSLA system (Dfab®, RD Printing). Primary outcome measures included marginal fit, occlusal and interproximal contact quality and colour matching of the restorations, all evaluated by two experienced clinicians (a prosthodontist and a periodontist, who were not directly involved in the treatment of the patients). Each restoration was rated at the time of delivery, using a 5-point scale (5 being excellent, 4 satisfactory, 3 acceptable, and 2 or 1 indicating poor quality). The secondary outcomes assessed comprised the survival and success (i.e. absence of complications) rates of the restorations, during the entire follow-up period. Statistical analysis was performed on the collected data. Among the 3D-printed hybrid composite restorations, 95 had a 2-year follow-up, whereas 90 had only a 1-year follow-up. Overall, the restorations demonstrated excellent performance in terms of marginal fit and contact accuracy, both occlusal and interproximal. Their aesthetic integration was also deemed satisfactory. During the follow-up period, all restorations remained functional, with a low complication rate (1.0 % biological and 3.7 % prosthetic complications), resulting in an overall success rate of 95.1 %. Implant-supported short-span hybrid composite restorations manufactured using TSLA technology demonstrated high clinical accuracy and showed a low rate of complications over a 2-year period. TSLA printing technology shows potential for the definitive prosthetic treatment of small edentulous spaces.

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) and placenta previa (PP) are severe obstetric disorders associated with high maternal and perinatal morbidity. Early diagnosis of both conditions remains challenging, particularly in cases with subtle imaging findings. This study was aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of first-trimester maternal serum levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and free beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) in predicting PAS and PP. In this retrospective case–control study, a total of 100 pregnant women were included: 36 with PAS, 32 with PP, and 32 healthy controls. Serum levels were measured at 11–13⁶ weeks of gestation. Both biomarkers were significantly altered in pathological groups compared to controls: PAPP-A was lower in PP (3.04 [1.42–4.52] IU/L) and PAS (3.63 [2.51–5.39] IU/L) vs. controls (5.34 [3.72–8.41] IU/L; p < 0.001), while β-hCG was higher in PP (45.4 [40.1–54.9] IU/L) and PAS (51.4 [32.3–74.8] IU/L) vs. controls (33.5 [22.7–54.1] IU/L; p = 0.044 and p < 0.001, respectively). ROC analysis demonstrated that combined biomarker modeling improved diagnostic accuracy over single-marker use, with AUCs reaching 0.85 (sensitivity 85.2%, specificity 72%) for PAS and 0.88 (sensitivity 100%, specificity 72%) for PP. These findings support the integration of biochemical screening into first-trimester risk assessment protocols. Incorporating maternal serum biomarkers may enhance early identification of high-risk pregnancies, allow timely referral to specialized care, and reduce adverse outcomes. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate the utility of this dual-marker approach across diverse populations and clinical settings.

Mitochondria are currently of great interest to scientists. The role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations has been proven in the genesis of more than 200 pathologies, which are called mitochondrial disorders. Therefore, the study of mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA is of great interest not only for understanding cell biology but also for the treatment and prevention of many mitochondria-related pathologies. There are two main trends of mitochondrial therapy: mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) and mitochondrial transplantation therapy (MTT). Also, there are two main categories of MRT based on the source of mitochondria. The heterologous approach includes the following methods: pronuclear transfer technique (PNT), maternal spindle transfer (MST), Polar body genome transfer (PBT) and germinal vesicle transfer (GVT). An alternative approach is the autologous method. One promising autologous technique was the autologous germline mitochondrial energy transfer (AUGMENT), which involved isolating oogonial precursor cells from the patient, extracting their mitochondria, and then injecting them during ICSI. Transmission of defective mtDNA to the next generation can also be prevented by using these approaches. The development of a healthy child, free from genetic disorders, and the prevention of the occurrence of lethal mitochondrial disorders are the main tasks of this method. However, a number of moral, social, and cultural objections have restricted its exploration, since humanity first encountered the appearance of a three-parent baby. Therefore, this review summarizes the causes of mitochondrial diseases, the various methods involved in MRT and the results of their application. In addition, a new technology, mitochondrial transplantation therapy (MTT), is currently being actively studied. MTT is an innovative approach that involves the introduction of healthy mitochondria into damaged tissues, leading to the replacement of defective mitochondria and the restoration of their function. This technology is being actively studied in animals, but there are also reports of its use in humans. A bibliographic review in PubMed and Web of Science databases and a search for relevant clinical trials and news articles were performed. A total of 81 publications were selected for analysis. Methods of MRT procedures were reviewed, their risks described, and the results of their use presented. Results of animal studies of the MTT procedure and attempts to apply this therapy in humans were reviewed. MRT is an effective way to minimize the risk of transmission of mtDNA-related diseases, but it does not eliminate it completely. There is a need for global legal regulation of MRT. MTT is a new and promising method of treating damaged tissues by injecting the body’s own mitochondria. The considered methods are extremely good in theory, but their clinical application in humans and the success of such therapy remain a question for further study.

Relevance. Malocclusions in children present a pressing concern in the field of dentistry. Timely diagnostics and treatment of these conditions are crucial for children aged 6 to 18, residing in foster homes, where incidence tend to be higher compared to children raised in family settings. This heightened incidence is often attributed to the lack of timely examinations by pediatric dentist or orthodontists. Such examinations could have potentially prevented the development of malocclusions or facilitated the administration of appropriate orthodontic treatments.Materials and methods. The study included 200 children aged 6 to 18, categorized into two groups: 100 children residing in foster homes or orphanages and 100 living with families (control group). Various malocclusions were identified using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) dental aesthetic index and Angle's classification.Results. Malocclusions were identified in 89.3% of the children from foster home, compared to 66.6% of children from family households. The most prevalent types of malocclusions observed were crowding of front teeth and incisor cross-bite. The DAI dental aesthetic index was higher in children from foster home (DAI = 30.4) than in those from family (DAI = 27.8). Additionally, it was observed that none of the children from foster homes had undergone orthodontic treatment, in contrast to the children in the control group.Conclusion. The study underscores the significance of diagnosing and treating malocclusions in children, with particular emphasis on those residing in foster homes. The results highlight the necessity of implementing effective methods to prevent and address malocclusions in such environments, aiming to enhance the dental health of the children.

Aim: to evaluate the level of knowledge about dental trauma injury and first aid skills among teachers of educational institutions by means of a survey in Moscow, Russia. Materials and methods: A questionnaire, consisting of 4 parts and including 20 questions, including questions from the category of own experience in working with this problem, awareness of the problem of complete dislocation of the tooth, first aid skills and motivation for training. Several questions have multiple answers. The survey accepted 56 people from 1 educational institution. Results: the study indicated the knowledge level of teachers to be quite low. Early help reduces the risk of complications. The priority treatment provided within the educational institution will seriously affect the increase in the number of positive outcomes. Timely assistance, which can be provided by teachers from among the teachers of educational institutions, significantly reduces the risk of developing complications that can negatively affect the psychoemotional health of the child in adolescence. Early diagnosis, prophylaxis or treatment of dentate abnormalities at an early age help to avoid further progression of pathologies, save material means and time. Conclusions: the authors identified a lack of first aid skills in working with children who received an acute tooth injury, as a result of this, the need was revealed to train teachers of school educational institutions in theoretical and practical foundations for this group of pathologies, to conduct further clinical studies that will improve the epidemic situation around the world and in Russia in particular.

To evaluate the 3-year clinical performance of additively manufactured (AM) hybrid composite short-span implant-supported restorations fabricated through tilting stereolithography (TSLA) within a fully digital workflow. This retrospective clinical study included 218 patients rehabilitated with 278 implant-supported restorations fabricated from a ceramic-filled hybrid composite material using TSLA technology. The restorations comprised 207 single crowns (SCs) and 71 fixed partial dentures (FPDs), supported by 360 implants. All rehabilitations were produced through a complete digital workflow. Primary outcomes included marginal adaptation, occlusal and interproximal contact quality, and chromatic integration, assessed at delivery by two independent evaluators using a 5-point scoring system. Secondary outcomes included restoration survival and restoration success during follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. At delivery, both evaluators assigned predominantly excellent or satisfactory scores for marginal adaptation, occlusal contacts, interproximal contacts and chromatic integration, with no significant differences between restoration types (p > 0.05). During follow-up, 3 biological complications (1.1%) and 19 prosthetic complications (6.8%) were recorded, including 7 cases of abutment screw loosening, 6 decementations and 6 restoration fractures. Two implants failed during early healing, while three patients were lost to follow-up during the third year. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a cumulative restoration survival rate of 97.8% and an overall restoration success rate of 92.0% after 3 years. Within the limitations of this short-term study, TSLA-manufactured hybrid composite restorations demonstrated favourable clinical accuracy, high survival rates and acceptable short-term clinical performance. Hybrid composite restorations fabricated through TSLA may represent a promising option for definitive short-span implant-supported rehabilitations within contemporary digital prosthodontic workflows.