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Hai-Min Lyu
State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau S.A.R., China

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Original article
Published: 03 April 2021 in Environmental Earth Sciences
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This study investigates the hydrochemistry of the Mandi Baha-Ud-Din district, which is an important part of the Jhelum Basin. The study area is highly populated with low facilities in the provision of clean drinking water. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to map the spatial variability of different physicochemical parameters. A total of 59 analysed groundwater samples indicated that the ionic concentration was in the order of Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ for major cations and HCO3− > SO42− > Cl− > NO3− > F− > CO32− for anions. Traces of arsenic and other toxic elements were found in the vicinity of the industrial zone, but they are well below the designated thresholds. The bivariate Gibbs diagram illustrates that 75–80% of samples fall in the rock-water interaction zone, and the rest of the samples lie in the rock-water interaction and evaporation processes. Piper’s plot revealed that seven samples were dominated by alkaline earth metals, seven samples showed the nature of alkalies, and the rest of the samples showed mixed character. Final water quality index (82) shows that the water quality is generally “good”, per the NSFWQI classification. This paper illustrates hydrochemical facies along with a natural mechanism controlling overall water chemistry.

ACS Style

Mohsin Abbas; Shui-Long Shen; Hai-Min Lyu; Annan Zhou; Sajid Rashid. Evaluation of the hydrochemistry of groundwater at Jhelum Basin, Punjab, Pakistan. Environmental Earth Sciences 2021, 80, 1 -17.

AMA Style

Mohsin Abbas, Shui-Long Shen, Hai-Min Lyu, Annan Zhou, Sajid Rashid. Evaluation of the hydrochemistry of groundwater at Jhelum Basin, Punjab, Pakistan. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2021; 80 (8):1-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohsin Abbas; Shui-Long Shen; Hai-Min Lyu; Annan Zhou; Sajid Rashid. 2021. "Evaluation of the hydrochemistry of groundwater at Jhelum Basin, Punjab, Pakistan." Environmental Earth Sciences 80, no. 8: 1-17.

Case report
Published: 23 March 2021 in Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology
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This study presents a case study on construction efficiency during earth pressure balance (EPB) shield tunnelling in the soft deposit of Tianjin, China. To evaluate the construction efficiency, energy consumption during tunnelling is summarised and soil properties are analysed in terms of several key factors related to energy consumption during the tunnelling process. Energy consumption is a key indicator of costs for EPB shield tunnelling. Based on monitoring data from Tianjin Metro Line No. 5, the K-means clustering algorithm is adopted for soil property analysis. The analysed results indicate that the energy consumption of a cutterhead comprises more than half of the total energy consumption during tunnelling. The obtained relationship between the torque of the cutterhead and total energy consumption can be used to enhance construction efficiency. The torque of the cutterhead can be expressed using the fine-particle content. Consequently, the total energy consumption of the shield tunnelling machine can also be estimated according to the particle size distribution of the soils. The results of this case study will be helpful for improving the construction efficiency of EPB shields.

ACS Style

Tao Yan; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Hai-Min Lyu. Construction efficiency of shield tunnelling through soft deposit in Tianjin, China. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 2021, 112, 103917 .

AMA Style

Tao Yan, Shui-Long Shen, Annan Zhou, Hai-Min Lyu. Construction efficiency of shield tunnelling through soft deposit in Tianjin, China. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 2021; 112 ():103917.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tao Yan; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Hai-Min Lyu. 2021. "Construction efficiency of shield tunnelling through soft deposit in Tianjin, China." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 112, no. : 103917.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2021 in Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering
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ACS Style

Nan Zhang; Shui-Long Shen; An-Nan Zhou; Hai-Min Lyu; J. N. Shirlaw. Discussion: Challenges of earth pressure balance tunnelling in weathered granite with boulders. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering 2021, 174, 91 -95.

AMA Style

Nan Zhang, Shui-Long Shen, An-Nan Zhou, Hai-Min Lyu, J. N. Shirlaw. Discussion: Challenges of earth pressure balance tunnelling in weathered granite with boulders. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering. 2021; 174 (1):91-95.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nan Zhang; Shui-Long Shen; An-Nan Zhou; Hai-Min Lyu; J. N. Shirlaw. 2021. "Discussion: Challenges of earth pressure balance tunnelling in weathered granite with boulders." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering 174, no. 1: 91-95.

Micro article
Published: 22 January 2021 in MethodsX
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Water quality is one of the most essential factors to influence human daily life and environment health. Risk assessment of water quality has critical significance to sustainable development of human society and natural systems. Set pair analysis (SPA) methods are widely used in risk assessment, especially in water resources. The essence of SPA is to classify assessment samples consider the uncertainties exist in risk assessment system based on the viewpoints of unity, difference, and opposition. The existing SPA methods are classified into two types, including (i) original SPA and (ii) comprehensive SPA. Both the original and comprehensive SPA methods have the following limitations: (i) it is need to judge whether the assessment factor belongs to type I or type II; (ii) it is need to judge whether the assessment factor is positive or negative. This method article gives a detailed description of the application of the existing SPA method. The method article is a companion paper with the original article [1]. • Description of SPA methods. • Application of SAP methods in risk assessment of water quality. • Calculate the weights of assessment factors.

ACS Style

Hai-Min Lyu; Qian Zheng; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou. Method for a new risk assessment of urban water quality: IFN-SPA. MethodsX 2021, 8, 101237 .

AMA Style

Hai-Min Lyu, Qian Zheng, Shui-Long Shen, Annan Zhou. Method for a new risk assessment of urban water quality: IFN-SPA. MethodsX. 2021; 8 ():101237.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hai-Min Lyu; Qian Zheng; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou. 2021. "Method for a new risk assessment of urban water quality: IFN-SPA." MethodsX 8, no. : 101237.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2021 in Automation in Construction
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The construction of a metro system in groundwater-rich stratums can cause an imbalance in groundwater levels. This study presents an automatic pumping-recharge system (APRS) to maintain groundwater balance during dewatering, thereby protecting the environment. The APRS overcomes the limitations of the traditional pumping-recharge operation performed manually by workers. Further, in traditional pumping-recharge operations, a large proportion of the pumped water is wasted by draining it into the sewerage system; this is because of the lack of an efficient application for groundwater recharge. The developed APRS system includes three subsystems: i) a pressure control system, ii) an integrated process system, and iii) an intelligent electronic control system. The APRS can not only balance the groundwater system but also control the settlement during underground construction. The proposed system has been employed in the construction of a metro station in Jinan city, which has a dense distribution of spring groups. The efficiency of the APRS was verified by field observations.

ACS Style

Shui-Long Shen; Hai-Min Lyu; Annan Zhou; Lin-Hai Lu; Gang Li; Bing-Bing Hu. Automatic control of groundwater balance to combat dewatering during construction of a metro system. Automation in Construction 2021, 123, 103536 .

AMA Style

Shui-Long Shen, Hai-Min Lyu, Annan Zhou, Lin-Hai Lu, Gang Li, Bing-Bing Hu. Automatic control of groundwater balance to combat dewatering during construction of a metro system. Automation in Construction. 2021; 123 ():103536.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shui-Long Shen; Hai-Min Lyu; Annan Zhou; Lin-Hai Lu; Gang Li; Bing-Bing Hu. 2021. "Automatic control of groundwater balance to combat dewatering during construction of a metro system." Automation in Construction 123, no. : 103536.

Data article
Published: 01 November 2020 in Data in Brief
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This data in brief presents the monitoring data measured during shield tunnelling of Guangzhou–Shenzhen intercity railway project. The monitoring data includes shield operational parameters, geological conditions, and geometry at the site. The presented data were arbitrarily split into two subsets including the training and testing datasets. The field observations are compared to the forecasting values of the disc cutter life assessed using a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm proposed for “Prediction of disc cutter life during shield tunnelling with artificial intelligent via incorporation of genetic algorithm into GMDH-type neural network” [1]. The presented data can provide a guidance for cutter exchange in shield tunnelling.

ACS Style

Khalid Elbaz; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Zhen-Yu Yin; Hai-Min Lyu. Data in intelligent approach for estimation of disc cutter life using hybrid metaheuristic algorithm. Data in Brief 2020, 33, 106479 .

AMA Style

Khalid Elbaz, Shui-Long Shen, Annan Zhou, Zhen-Yu Yin, Hai-Min Lyu. Data in intelligent approach for estimation of disc cutter life using hybrid metaheuristic algorithm. Data in Brief. 2020; 33 ():106479.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khalid Elbaz; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Zhen-Yu Yin; Hai-Min Lyu. 2020. "Data in intelligent approach for estimation of disc cutter life using hybrid metaheuristic algorithm." Data in Brief 33, no. : 106479.

Journal article
Published: 22 October 2020 in Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology
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This study proposes an artificial intelligence approach to predict ground settlement during shield tunneling via considering the interactions among multi-factors, e.g., geological conditions, construction parameters, construction sequences, and grouting volume and timing. The artificial intelligence approach employs a hybrid neural network model that incorporates a differential evolution algorithm into the artificial neural network (ANN). The differential evolution algorithm is used to determine the optimized architecture and hyperparameters of ANN. The adaptive moment estimation (Adam) method is then employed to facilitate the training process of ANN. On the strength of Adam, the differential evolution algorithm is further enhanced to process a large number of ANN candidates without consuming massive computing resources. The proposed hybrid model is applied to a field case of ground settlements during shield tunneling in Guangzhou Metro Line No. 9. Geological conditions and shield operation parameters are first characterized and quantified by a feature extraction strategy, then input for the model. Results verifies the accuracy of prediction using the proposed hybrid model. Moreover, shield operation parameters with high influence on ground settlement are identified through a partial derivatives sensitivity analysis method, which can provide guidance for shield operation.

ACS Style

Kun Zhang; Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Zhen-Yu Yin. Evolutionary hybrid neural network approach to predict shield tunneling-induced ground settlements. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 2020, 106, 103594 .

AMA Style

Kun Zhang, Hai-Min Lyu, Shui-Long Shen, Annan Zhou, Zhen-Yu Yin. Evolutionary hybrid neural network approach to predict shield tunneling-induced ground settlements. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 2020; 106 ():103594.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kun Zhang; Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Zhen-Yu Yin. 2020. "Evolutionary hybrid neural network approach to predict shield tunneling-induced ground settlements." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 106, no. : 103594.

Data article
Published: 21 October 2020 in Data in Brief
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The dataset presented in this article pertains to records of shield tunneling-induced ground settlements in Guangzhou Metro Line No. 9. Field monitoring results obtained from both the two tunnel lines are put on display. In total, 17 principal variables affecting ground settlements are tabulated, which can be divided into two categories: geological condition parameters and shield operation parameters. Shield operation parameters are specifically provided in time series. Another value of the dataset is the consideration of karst encountered in the shield tunnel area including the karst cave height, the distance between karst cave and tunnel invert, and the karst cave treatment scheme. The dataset can be used to enrich the database of settlement caused by shield tunneling as well as to train artificial intelligence-based ground settlement prediction models. The dataset presented herein were used for the article titled “Evolutionary hybrid neural network approach to predict shield tunneling-induced ground settlements” (Zhang et al., 2020).

ACS Style

Kun Zhang; Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Zhen-Yu Yin. Data on evolutionary hybrid neural network approach to predict shield tunneling-induced ground settlements. Data in Brief 2020, 33, 106432 .

AMA Style

Kun Zhang, Hai-Min Lyu, Shui-Long Shen, Annan Zhou, Zhen-Yu Yin. Data on evolutionary hybrid neural network approach to predict shield tunneling-induced ground settlements. Data in Brief. 2020; 33 ():106432.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kun Zhang; Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Zhen-Yu Yin. 2020. "Data on evolutionary hybrid neural network approach to predict shield tunneling-induced ground settlements." Data in Brief 33, no. : 106432.

Journal article
Published: 08 October 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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This study proposes a new set-pair analysis (SPA) method by enhancing existing SPA methods using interval-based fuzzy numbers (IFN), referred to as the IFN-SPA method. The IFN-SPA method uses the relative distance to express the degree of importance between assessment samples and criteria, which overcomes the limitations of existing SPA methods. It also simplifies the judgement membership functions of the existing SPA methods. To demonstrate the advantages of the IFN-SPA method, both the existing and new methods were employed to assess the water quality in Shanghai, China. The results show that the water quality in Chongming District is better than that of the other districts. The IFN-SPA and existing methods were compared, and the risk levels reported by the IFN-SPA were 25% higher. The assessment results are consistent with the actual water quality, and the results of the IFN-SPA method are more reasonable than those of the existing methods.

ACS Style

Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou. The development of IFN-SPA: A new risk assessment method of urban water quality and its application in Shanghai. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 282, 124542 .

AMA Style

Hai-Min Lyu, Shui-Long Shen, Annan Zhou. The development of IFN-SPA: A new risk assessment method of urban water quality and its application in Shanghai. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 282 ():124542.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou. 2020. "The development of IFN-SPA: A new risk assessment method of urban water quality and its application in Shanghai." Journal of Cleaner Production 282, no. : 124542.

Journal article
Published: 18 September 2020 in Geoscience Frontiers
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When pumping is conducted in confined aquifer inside excavation pit (waterproof curtain), the direction of the groundwater seepage outside the excavation changes from horizontal to vertical owing to the existence of the curtain barrier. There is no analytical calculation method for the groundwater head distribution induced by dewatering inside excavation. This paper first analyses the mechanism of the blocking effects from a close barrier in confined aquifer. Then, a simple equation based on analytical solution is proposed to calculate groundwater heads inside and outside of the excavation pit with waterproof curtain (hereafter refer to close barrier) in a confined aquifer. The distribution of groundwater head is derived according to two conditions: (i) pumping with a constant water head, and (ii) pumping with a constant flow rate. The proposed calculation equation is verified by both numerical simulation and experimental results. The comparisons demonstrate that the proposed model can be applied in engineering practice of excavation.

ACS Style

Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Yong-Xia Wu; An-Nan Zhou. Calculation of groundwater head distribution with a close barrier during excavation dewatering in confined aquifer. Geoscience Frontiers 2020, 12, 791 -803.

AMA Style

Hai-Min Lyu, Shui-Long Shen, Yong-Xia Wu, An-Nan Zhou. Calculation of groundwater head distribution with a close barrier during excavation dewatering in confined aquifer. Geoscience Frontiers. 2020; 12 (2):791-803.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Yong-Xia Wu; An-Nan Zhou. 2020. "Calculation of groundwater head distribution with a close barrier during excavation dewatering in confined aquifer." Geoscience Frontiers 12, no. 2: 791-803.

Research paper
Published: 02 July 2020 in Acta Geotechnica
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The bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network is an innovative computation paradigm that learns bidirectional long-term dependencies between time steps and sequence data to predict future occurrences. This study proposes a framework to incorporate Bi-LSTM and data sequencing to predict diameter of jet grouted columns in soft soil in real time. The models are tested using a case study of jet grouting treatment of soft soil. The results show that the proposed strategies can efficiently predict the variation in column diameter with the depth. A comparative performance analysis among the Bi-LSTM, original long short-term memory (LSTM) and support vector regression (SVR) approaches is also conducted. The Bi-LSTM performs better than both the LSTM and SVR in root-mean-square error. This result substantiates the efficacy of modeling sequential step-by-step jet grouting process using the Bi-LSTM. Based on the analyzed results, some recommendations for improving the current design of jet grout columns are proposed.

ACS Style

Shui-Long Shen; Pierre Guy Atangana Njock; Annan Zhou; Hai-Min Lyu. Dynamic prediction of jet grouted column diameter in soft soil using Bi-LSTM deep learning. Acta Geotechnica 2020, 16, 303 -315.

AMA Style

Shui-Long Shen, Pierre Guy Atangana Njock, Annan Zhou, Hai-Min Lyu. Dynamic prediction of jet grouted column diameter in soft soil using Bi-LSTM deep learning. Acta Geotechnica. 2020; 16 (1):303-315.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shui-Long Shen; Pierre Guy Atangana Njock; Annan Zhou; Hai-Min Lyu. 2020. "Dynamic prediction of jet grouted column diameter in soft soil using Bi-LSTM deep learning." Acta Geotechnica 16, no. 1: 303-315.

Journal article
Published: 17 June 2020 in Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology
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This study proposes a novel analytical approach to calculate tunnel pressure due to the surrounding rock of a twin-tunnel in layered strata. The proposed approach is based on a limit equilibrium analysis that considers different failure patterns (depending on whether failures are located in the upper or lower layers). The proposed approach is adopted for the pressure analysis of the metro twin-tunnels in Chongqing and Fuzhou, China. A numerical analysis and field data are used to verify the applicability of the proposed analytical approach. A few key influencing factors, such as the layered strata thicknesses and the characteristics of the surrounding rock are discussed. The results demonstrate that the vertical pressure increases with thickness ratio (h1/h2). In addition, the vertical pressure decreases with increasing internal friction angles over the range 30° to 40°, however, increases beyond 40°. The comparisons between the analytical results and the numerical results, as well as that between the analytical results and the field data exhibit good agreement, which validates the proposed analytical approach.

ACS Style

Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Ke-Lin Chen. Calculation of pressure on the shallow-buried twin-tunnel in layered strata. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 2020, 103, 103465 .

AMA Style

Hai-Min Lyu, Shui-Long Shen, Annan Zhou, Ke-Lin Chen. Calculation of pressure on the shallow-buried twin-tunnel in layered strata. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 2020; 103 ():103465.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Ke-Lin Chen. 2020. "Calculation of pressure on the shallow-buried twin-tunnel in layered strata." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 103, no. : 103465.

Journal article
Published: 15 May 2020 in Construction and Building Materials
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This paper presents an experimental investigation on the water-swelling characteristics of two polymers used for shield tunnel sealing gaskets: water-swelling polyurethane (WSP) and a mixture (WSRP) of WSP and water-swelling rubber (WSR). Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and water-swelling tests were conducted to investigate the microstructural changes and properties of both WSP and WSRP during water-swelling. The test results revealed that WSP improves not only the compatibility of natural rubber with sodium polyacrylate but also the thermal stability of WSRP. The maximum swelling ratio of both WSP and WSRP occurs when the pH value of soaking water is equal to 7. Moreover, the swelling ratio of both WSP and WSRP decreases with an increase in solution concentration and an increase in loading pressure. The experimental study indicated that, compared with WSP, WSRP balances the swelling capacity and has more stable performance under high seawater concentrations and loading pressure.

ACS Style

Ze-Nian Wang; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Hai-Min Lyu. Experimental investigation of water-swelling characteristics of polymer materials for tunnel sealing gasket. Construction and Building Materials 2020, 256, 119473 .

AMA Style

Ze-Nian Wang, Shui-Long Shen, Annan Zhou, Hai-Min Lyu. Experimental investigation of water-swelling characteristics of polymer materials for tunnel sealing gasket. Construction and Building Materials. 2020; 256 ():119473.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ze-Nian Wang; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Hai-Min Lyu. 2020. "Experimental investigation of water-swelling characteristics of polymer materials for tunnel sealing gasket." Construction and Building Materials 256, no. : 119473.

Paper
Published: 02 April 2020 in Hydrogeology Journal
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Waterproof curtains are used as barriers to block groundwater during deep excavations; however, in practice, barrier leakage occurs frequently. This paper establishes a three-dimensional (3D) fluid-solid-coupled finite element model to analyse the effect of barrier leakage below the excavation surface. Uniform and local barrier leakages in a confined aquifer are simulated for a constant flow rate and fixed drawdown. The simulated results show that barrier leakage causes a variation in the flow direction, drawdown of the groundwater head outside of excavation, and significant additional deformation in the longitudinal direction. The factors influencing drawdown and ground settlement induced by leakage include leakage location, leakage area, barrier penetration depth, pumping-well penetration depth, and aquifer anisotropy. In addition, the simulation results show that the drawdown-time curves under various leakage conditions have similar patterns.

ACS Style

Yong-Xia Wu; Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou. A three-dimensional fluid-solid coupled numerical modeling of the barrier leakage below the excavation surface due to dewatering. Hydrogeology Journal 2020, 28, 1449 -1463.

AMA Style

Yong-Xia Wu, Hai-Min Lyu, Shui-Long Shen, Annan Zhou. A three-dimensional fluid-solid coupled numerical modeling of the barrier leakage below the excavation surface due to dewatering. Hydrogeology Journal. 2020; 28 (4):1449-1463.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yong-Xia Wu; Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou. 2020. "A three-dimensional fluid-solid coupled numerical modeling of the barrier leakage below the excavation surface due to dewatering." Hydrogeology Journal 28, no. 4: 1449-1463.

Journal article
Published: 23 March 2020 in Construction and Building Materials
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This paper investigates the waterproofing properties of two water swelling gasket materials, i.e. water-swelling rubber (WSR) and water-swelling polyurethane (WSP). Swelling tests were performed to measure the swelling ratios in both compression and free swelling states. A dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) was employed to measure the storage moduli under different compression pressures and in different saline environments. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was performed to investigate the micro-damage morphology for both WSR and WSP. According to the test results, under the compression load of 1.0 MPa, the maximum axial swelling ratio (Sa) and free swelling ratio (Sw) of WSP was nearly four times and twice that of WSR, and the storage modulus E’ of WSP was three times that of WSR. Also, the micro-cracks of WSP were much less and shallow than those of WSR under the same load condition and saline environments. Thus, the WSP specimen showed better water-proof performance than the WSR specimen under the complex submarine condition.

ACS Style

Ji-Shuang Tan; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Ze-Nian Wang; Hai-Min Lyu. Laboratory evaluation of long-term sealing behaviors of two water-swelling materials for shield tunnel gasket. Construction and Building Materials 2020, 249, 118711 .

AMA Style

Ji-Shuang Tan, Shui-Long Shen, Annan Zhou, Ze-Nian Wang, Hai-Min Lyu. Laboratory evaluation of long-term sealing behaviors of two water-swelling materials for shield tunnel gasket. Construction and Building Materials. 2020; 249 ():118711.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ji-Shuang Tan; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Ze-Nian Wang; Hai-Min Lyu. 2020. "Laboratory evaluation of long-term sealing behaviors of two water-swelling materials for shield tunnel gasket." Construction and Building Materials 249, no. : 118711.

Journal article
Published: 27 February 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Eutrophication of lakes is an environmental issue that has attracted increasing attention all over the world. This study analyses the monitoring data of the Lake Erhai, Yunnan Province in China with Carlson’s TSI, Improving Carlson’s TSI (TSIM) and TLI. The results reveal that the eutrophication index for this lake is in the Mesotrophic status. The mechanism of the eutrophication in Lake Erhai is also investigated. The mechanism shows that rate of nutrient transformation is the core issue and the process of eutrophic evolution involves natural, social, and economic factors. The restrictions on sustainable development in Lake Erhai are discussed. To maintain sustainable development, green watershed construction (GWC) and its corresponding effective measures are proposed. Moreover, lessons learned from Lake Erhai watershed management are presented, to provide valuable experiences for alleviating water pollution caused by insufficient environmental management during rapid economic development. Perspective future research works are proposed, including establishment of the early warning system with remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) as well as the artificial intelligence (AI) technology.

ACS Style

Song-Shun Lin; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Hai-Min Lyu. Sustainable development and environmental restoration in Lake Erhai, China. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 258, 120758 .

AMA Style

Song-Shun Lin, Shui-Long Shen, Annan Zhou, Hai-Min Lyu. Sustainable development and environmental restoration in Lake Erhai, China. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 258 ():120758.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Song-Shun Lin; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Hai-Min Lyu. 2020. "Sustainable development and environmental restoration in Lake Erhai, China." Journal of Cleaner Production 258, no. : 120758.

Journal article
Published: 19 February 2020 in Sustainable Cities and Society
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Metro system is a vital transportation infrastructure, which has been inundated frequently during flood season (from May to September) in Shenzhen, China. This study incorporates the original analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and triangular fuzzy number-based AHP (TFN-AHP) into a geographic information system (GIS) to assess the inundation risk of the metro system in Shenzhen. The assessed results are verified by the 11 flood locations in the flood event that happened on April 11, 2019 (hereafter called the “4.11 flood event”). The risk indicators of the 11 flood locations derived from the TFN-AHP are greater than those obtained from the AHP. Most of the metro lines of the higher-risk and highest-risk match the regions with high inundation risks. The percentages of the higher-risk and highest-risk levels of the metro system obtained from TFN-AHP are greater than those from the AHP. The comparative result indicates that the TFN-AHP method can assess the inundation risk more distinctively than the original AHP.

ACS Style

Hai-Min Lyu; Wan-Huan Zhou; Shui-Long Shen; An-Nan Zhou. Inundation risk assessment of metro system using AHP and TFN-AHP in Shenzhen. Sustainable Cities and Society 2020, 56, 102103 .

AMA Style

Hai-Min Lyu, Wan-Huan Zhou, Shui-Long Shen, An-Nan Zhou. Inundation risk assessment of metro system using AHP and TFN-AHP in Shenzhen. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2020; 56 ():102103.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hai-Min Lyu; Wan-Huan Zhou; Shui-Long Shen; An-Nan Zhou. 2020. "Inundation risk assessment of metro system using AHP and TFN-AHP in Shenzhen." Sustainable Cities and Society 56, no. : 102103.

Journal article
Published: 18 January 2020 in Journal of Hydrology
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The waterproof curtain that is used to block groundwater, leaks occasionally during deep excavation and can have a harmful impact on the surroundings. This study adopts a three-dimensional (3D) fluid-solid coupled finite element model (FEM) to analyze the impact due to a leakage in the waterproof curtain during excavation dewatering. In the model, both a user-defined one-dimensional leakage element and a solid leakage element are incorporated to simulate the leakage. The leakage of the curtain in the soil is analysed by monitoring the variation in hydraulic conductivity. The simulated results demonstrate that the leaking rate, leaking volume, groundwater drawdown, and ground settlement are closely related to the hydraulic conductivity of the leakage point. The results also show that the groundwater head outside the pit declines quickly when the leakage occurs, but soil consolidation proceeds slowly. In addition, the characteristics of the soil that is adjacent to the leakage point also have a tangible effect on the groundwater head and ground settlement. The hydraulic conductivity and deformation modulus of the soil has a significant effect on the ground settlement, while the influence of the anisotropy of the soil is relatively low.

ACS Style

Yong-Xia Wu; Shui-Long Shen; Hai-Min Lyu; Annan Zhou. Analyses of leakage effect of waterproof curtain during excavation dewatering. Journal of Hydrology 2020, 583, 124582 .

AMA Style

Yong-Xia Wu, Shui-Long Shen, Hai-Min Lyu, Annan Zhou. Analyses of leakage effect of waterproof curtain during excavation dewatering. Journal of Hydrology. 2020; 583 ():124582.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yong-Xia Wu; Shui-Long Shen; Hai-Min Lyu; Annan Zhou. 2020. "Analyses of leakage effect of waterproof curtain during excavation dewatering." Journal of Hydrology 583, no. : 124582.

Data article
Published: 17 December 2019 in Data in Brief
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Land subsidence caused serious damages of mage-city infrastructures. This data in brief presents a new questionnaire to establish judgment matrix during the risk assessment of land subsidence. The data source of the assessment factors is provided. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and interval fuzzy AHP (FAHP) are used to calibrate the weights of assessment factors. The new questionnaire is used to collect the viewpoints from experts. Based on the viewpoints of experts, the judgment matrix can be established using pairwise comparison. The data presented herein was used for the article, titled “Risk assessment of mega-city infrastructures related to land subsidence using improved trapezoidal FAHP” Lyu et al. (2019) [1].

ACS Style

Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Jun Yang. Data in risk assessment of mega-city infrastructures related to land subsidence using improved trapezoidal FAHP. Data in Brief 2019, 28, 105007 .

AMA Style

Hai-Min Lyu, Shui-Long Shen, Annan Zhou, Jun Yang. Data in risk assessment of mega-city infrastructures related to land subsidence using improved trapezoidal FAHP. Data in Brief. 2019; 28 ():105007.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hai-Min Lyu; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Jun Yang. 2019. "Data in risk assessment of mega-city infrastructures related to land subsidence using improved trapezoidal FAHP." Data in Brief 28, no. : 105007.

Journal article
Published: 03 December 2019 in Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering
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This paper presents a new evolutionary neural network (ENN) algorithm coupled with the dimensionality reduction technique ‘t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding’ (t-SNE). The ENN model features the crossbreeding of a differential evolution method and a stochastic gradient optimisation algorithm. The t-SNE is used to visualise the training and testing datasets and the ENN model performance. The proposed ENN model is applied to a relatively large soil liquefaction database. The good convergence and generalisation ability of the proposed model and the negligible misclassification results demonstrate that the proposed ENN model can provide accurate, efficient, and flexible results. The prominent and practical abilities of t-SNE to recover the structure of the initial conditions and to demonstrate the ENN model performance are discussed. This coupled approach simplifies the analysis and/or prediction of hazards for which large quantities of data are required.

ACS Style

Pierre Guy Atangana Njock; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Hai-Min Lyu. Evaluation of soil liquefaction using AI technology incorporating a coupled ENN / t-SNE model. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 2019, 130, 105988 .

AMA Style

Pierre Guy Atangana Njock, Shui-Long Shen, Annan Zhou, Hai-Min Lyu. Evaluation of soil liquefaction using AI technology incorporating a coupled ENN / t-SNE model. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. 2019; 130 ():105988.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pierre Guy Atangana Njock; Shui-Long Shen; Annan Zhou; Hai-Min Lyu. 2019. "Evaluation of soil liquefaction using AI technology incorporating a coupled ENN / t-SNE model." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 130, no. : 105988.