Despite the exponential expansion of neuroscience over recent decades, the field has rarely examined the rigor, transparency, and reproducibility of its own evidence base (research on research). Through a brief systematic exploration of the Scopus database, we identified more than 370,000 neuroscience articles, yet only 15 explicitly addressed meta-research questions, representing a mere 0.004% of the total literature. These few studies were concentrated in high-income countries and limited mainly to neuroimaging and methodological reporting, leaving major subfields such as neuropharmacology, neuropathology, and neuroendocrinology virtually unexplored. This striking imbalance reveals a systemic absence of evidence self-assessment and highlights how neuroscience has advanced without adequate reflection on the validity and translatability of its findings. The lack of meta-research weakens the reliability of neuroscientific evidence, slows the development of shared reporting standards, and risks compromising its translation into evidence-based neurological practice. Strengthening global collaboration, fostering reflexivity, and integrating meta-research into neuroscience are urgent steps toward ensuring that the knowledge generated in laboratories and trials truly supports trustworthy, reproducible, and clinically meaningful clinical healthcare in neurological sciences.

Health behavior encompasses the attitudes, decisions, and actions that individuals adopt in their daily lives and that directly influence their well-being. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a nursing intervention based on Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model in promoting healthy behaviors among adults over 20 years of age. A quasi-experimental design was used with a sample of adults from a Colombian community. In 2022, sociodemographic data were collected, and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II), developed by Nola Pender to measure healthy lifestyles, was administered. In 2023, the intervention was carried out in 24 group sessions of 40 min each, supported by printed educational material and focused on the dimensions of Pender’s theory. Statistical analysis using nonparametric tests such as the Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests showed significant improvements: the overall score increased from 22.92 in the pre-test to 27.30 in the post-test. The physical activity dimension received the lowest score, while the spiritual growth dimension showed the highest improvement. The results indicate that nursing interventions based on Pender’s model led to statistically significant improvements in multiple dimensions of healthy behavior, with the greatest impact on spiritual growth and health responsibility.

Background: To generate an ancestry-resolved pharmacogenomic (PGx) landscape for Colombia by integrating all PharmGKB variant-drug annotations with local allele-frequency data, thereby quantifying inter-ancestry differences of clinical relevance and exposing evidence gaps that hinder equitable precision medicine.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 4,462 PharmGKB variant annotations (1994–2024), retaining 1,216 significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reported in 552 studies. Allele frequencies were extracted for five Colombian populations: two predominantly African (Palenque [PLQ], Chocó [CHG]) and three predominantly European (ATQCES, ATQPGC, CLM), from the CÓDIGO database. Spearman correlations compared population-specific PGx profiles; SNPs with >25 percentage-point frequency differentials were tabulated.Results: European ancestry dominated the global evidence base, representing 51.5% of 651,532 participants, while African ancestry accounted for only 0.46% (n = 3,031). Strong correlations were observed among European-leaning Antioquians (r² ≥ 0.90), whereas PLQ exhibited inverse or negligible correlations with those groups (r² = −0.20 to −0.02) and minimal similarity with CHG (r² = 0.12). Twenty-eight SNPs were frequent in PLQ (>75%) but rare in Europeans (<50%), and 44 showed the opposite pattern. Notable examples include CYP3A4 rs3735451-C (rivaroxaban; 87.1% vs. 23.2%), CYP3A5 rs776746-T (tacrolimus; 85% vs. 23.5%), and rs55881666-C (duloxetine; 15% vs. 84%). Globally, 71.5% of PGx studies originated in high-income countries.Conclusion: Large, clinically actionable allele-frequency contrasts and pronounced discovery biases confirm the need for ancestry-aware PGx testing and locally calibrated dosing algorithms in Colombia. The analytic framework and variant catalogue generated knowledge to operationalize precision pharmacotherapy across admixed Latin-American populations.

Background: Pharmacogenomics offers critical insights into interindividual variability in drug response, especially in complex diseases such as diabetes mellitus. However, most pharmacogenomic evidence is derived from populations of European ancestry, limiting its applicability in admixed and underrepresented populations. In Colombia, the lack of population-specific data hampers the implementation of precision medicine strategies in diabetes care. The aim of this study was to identify pharmacogenomic variants significantly associated with diabetes and exhibiting differential allele frequencies between Colombian populations of African and European ancestry. Methods: We extracted 115 variant annotations related to diabetes from PharmGKB and filtered them for statistical significance and availability of allele frequency data. Fourteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were compared across five Colombian populations using the CÓDIGO genomic diversity database. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to assess genetic clustering, and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to assess pharmacogenomic similarity. Results: PCA revealed distinct genetic clustering patterns that aligned with geographical distribution and ancestral origins. Pharmacogenomic divergence was observed between African and European ancestry groups in Colombia, with certain SNPs (e.g., rs8192675-C for metformin, rs7754840-C for DPP-4 inhibitors) showing 2- to 3-fold higher frequency in African ancestry populations. The bibliometric analysis revealed that 76.1% of studies originated from high-income countries and 68.4% of participants were of European ancestry. No studies originated from Africa or low-income countries. Conclusions: Marked ancestry-based differences in pharmacogenomic variant frequencies in Colombian populations may impact drug efficacy and risk of diabetes. The global literature shows a strong geographic and economic bias, underscoring the need for inclusive, population-specific pharmacogenomic research. These findings offer a foundation for implementing precision diabetes therapies in Latin America and advancing equitable genomic medicine.

Pertussis, caused primarily by Bordetella pertussis and occasionally by Bordetella parapertussis, remains a major public health issue despite widespread vaccination efforts. Immunocompromised children, such as those with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, are particularly susceptible to vaccine-preventable diseases, underscoring the importance of ensuring adequate vaccination coverage. We report a case of a 3-year-old boy with ALL who developed a Bordetella parapertussis infection during chemotherapy. The child's lack of documented pertussis vaccination underscores critical gaps in primary healthcare and immunization practices. His case highlights the increased risk of severe infections in unvaccinated, immunocompromised patients and underscores the necessity of maintaining comprehensive vaccination records and robust primary healthcare systems to prevent such infections. The rapid diagnosis and initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy, highlights the critical role of early detection and tailored interventions in preventing severe outcomes.

Background: Health behavior encompasses the behaviors and decisions individuals make regarding their daily activities, which can impact their health and well-being. This study aimed to explore the application and effectiveness of Nola Pender’s health promotion model in nursing practice. Materials and Methods: This narrative review was conducted between 2018 and 2022. The keywords, such as “Nola, Pender,” “lifestyle,” “effectiveness,” and “Nursing,” were used, both in English and Spanish. These keywords were individually searched in international databases, such as Scielo, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria were full texts of original articles and articles related to the use and effectiveness of the Nola Pender model in nursing practice. Studies with abstracts only, other nursing models, duplicates, or insufficient methodological rigor were excluded. Each article was evaluated for methodological rigor, clarity of objectives, study design, and relevance to nursing. A total of 32 articles met the criteria. Results: The analysis of the selected documents identified applications of the model in the promotion of eating habits, sexual and reproductive health, management of arterial hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, participation in community activities and lifestyles in general. The Pender model proved to be effective in adherence to treatment, stress management and cardiovascular disease, hand hygiene, smoking reduction, and exercise promotion. Conclusions: The scientific literature analyzed shows the effectiveness of the Nola Pender model in nursing practice for health-promoting behaviors both individually and collectively. The model proposed by Pender provides different strategies with beneficial results for the health and well-being of people.