According to current taxonomic consensus, the genus Fragaria L. (family Rosaceae) comprises nine recognized species: Fragaria × ananassa (Duchartre ex Weston) Duchesne ex Rozier, Fragaria bucharica Losinsk., Fragaria viridis subsp. campestris (Steven) Pael., Fragaria chiloensis (L.) Mill., Fragaria moschata Duchesne ex Weston, Fragaria orientalis Losinsk., Fragaria vesca L., Fragaria virginiana Mill., and Fragaria viridis Duchartre. Within the flora of Kazakhstan, two species are of particular significance: F. vesca L. and F. viridis Weston. The genus Fragaria L. is notable for its high content of diverse classes of biologically active compounds, which exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological and physiological activities. This review focuses on two Fragaria species native to the flora of Kazakhstan: F. vesca L. and F. viridis Weston. It summarizes recent advances in their botanical characterization, phytochemical profiling, extraction methodologies, and biological activities. Available evidence indicates that the phytochemical composition of extracts obtained from these species is modulated by a range of environmental and biological factors. These include habitat conditions, climate variability, chemotypic diversity, and the specific extraction protocols applied. Particular emphasis is placed on modern extraction techniques and the identification of low-molecular-weight metabolites. These include anthocyanins, volatile organic compounds, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, which contribute significantly to the observed biological effects. The review findings support the relevance of continued research into the potential application of these species as sources for the development of novel therapeutic and prophylactic agents. In addition, they highlight their promise for use in the formulation of biologically active compounds intended for food supplements and cosmetic products.

Background/Objectives: Ferula varia Trautv. is a promising medicinal plant of the Apiaceae family and a potential source of biologically active secondary metabolites. The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition and biological activities of F. varia root extract. Methods: The non-volatile compounds were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC–QTOF–ESI-MS/MS) method. Furthermore, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC), antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial potential of the extract were evaluated using spectrophotometric and microdilution assays. Results: HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis enabled the tentative identification of 25 metabolites in the F. varia root extract, predominantly sesquiterpene coumarins together with organic acids, phenolic acids, coumarins, sesquiterpene esters, and prenylated aromatic compounds. The extract contained 30.06 ± 3.00 mg GAE/g_extr of total phenolics and 1.42 ± 0.04 mg RuE/g_extr of total flavonoids. Antioxidant assays revealed Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values of 0.10 ± 0.00 mM, 110.31 ± 4.94 mg AsAE/g_extr, and 21.95 ± 0.00 mg TE/g_extr, respectively, while the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay showed weak radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀ > 1 mg/mL). The extract also demonstrated stronger antimicrobial activity against yeasts than against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with minimal inhibitory concentration values ranging from 2.5 to 5 mg/mL and 10–20 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusions: These findings indicate that F. varia roots are a promising source of bioactive compounds exhibiting antioxidant and antimicrobial potential.

Background/Objectives: Salvia dumetorum Andrz. ex Besser is a relatively understudied medicinal plant with promising biological potential, but its phytochemical characteristics and the safety of preparations developed from its extract remain insufficiently investigated. This study aimed to characterize the phytochemical composition and biological properties of S. dumetorum extract and to evaluate the preclinical safety of tablets developed on its basis. Methods: The hydroethanolic extract was obtained by microwave-assisted extraction and characterized by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, while total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), antioxidant, α-amylase inhibitory, and antimicrobial activities were determined using spectrophotometric and microbiological assays. Results: The extract TPC and TFC were 40.15 ± 2.25 mg GAE/g_extrt and 40.55 ± 5.56 mg QE/g_extr, respectively. HPLC-QTOF-ESI-MS/MS profiling revealed a diverse spectrum of phenolic, flavonoid, diterpenoid, and organic acid constituents. The extract demonstrated strong antioxidant activity, with trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values of 1.88 ± 0.07 mM, 250.43 ± 12.08 mg AsAE/g_extr, and 427.91 ± 9.74 mg TE/g_extr, respectively, and a DPPH IC₅₀ of 0.03 ± 0.00 mg/mL. α-Amylase inhibitory activity was 5.63 ± 0.51 mg AcrE/g_extr, while antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms was observed at MICs of 1.25–10 mg/mL. The resulting tablets retained measurable antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activities, although their activity profiles differed from those of the original extract. Comprehensive in vivo evaluation demonstrated no treatment-related adverse effects following repeated administration, including no significant effects on immune parameters, female reproductive function, embryofetal development, skeletal ossification, or sensitization. Conclusions: S. dumetorum extract demonstrated diverse biological activities, while the tablet formulation showed a favorable preclinical safety profile. These findings extend the available acute toxicity data and support the further pharmaceutical development of this tablet formulation.