Background and objective: Safinamide improved non-motor symptoms (NMS) and quality of life (QoL) in 50 PD patients who participated in the SAFINOMOTOR study. In this post hoc analysis we analyzed the effect of safinamide on NMS and QoL according to sex, age, disease duration (DD) and levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD). Patients and Methods: The change from baseline to the end of the observational period (6 months) in the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS) and the 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (PDQ-39) was analyzed in subgroups according to sex (male vs. female), age (> 75 vs. ≤ 75 years old), DD (> 10 years vs. ≤ 10 years) and LEDD (> 1000 vs. ≤ 1000 mg). Nonparametric tests and general linear model (GLM) repeated measures were applied. Results: Forty-four PD patients completed the V6M visit and were valid for the analysis. A significant reduction in the NMSS was observed in all groups. Regarding QoL, a significant reduction in the PDQ-39 was observed in females (p< 0.0001) and in patients with a DD > 10 years (p=0.011) but not in males or those > 75 years old or receiving a LEDD > 1.000 mg. In the GLM, only LEDD at baseline influenced the degree of change in the NMSS total score (p=0.026; F=5.23). The decrease in the NMSS total scale was 43.8% for the group with a LEDD > 1.000 mg/day vs 33.7% for those ≤ 1.000 mg. None of the variables influenced the change in the PDQ39. Conclusion: Safinamide improved NMS independently of sex, age, DD and LEDD.

Background and objective: Safinamide can improve the non-motor symptoms (NMSs) and quality of life (QoL) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this post hoc analysis of the SAFINONMOTOR study, we analyzed the effect of safinamide on NMSs and QoL according to age, sex, disease duration (DD), and levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD). Patients and Methods: The change from baseline to the end of the observational period (6 months) in the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS) and the 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (PDQ-39) was analyzed in subgroups according to sex (male vs. female), age (≤75 vs. >75 years old), DD (≤10 vs. >10 years) and LEDD (≤1000 vs. >1000 mg). Nonparametric tests and general linear model (GLM) repeated measures were applied. Results: A total of 44 patients completed the final visit and were valid for the analysis. A significant reduction in the NMSS score was observed in all groups. Regarding QoL, a significant reduction in the PDQ-39 score was observed in females (p < 0.0001) and in patients with a DD > 10 years (p = 0.011) but not in males or those > 75 years old or receiving an LEDD > 1.000 mg. In the GLM, only LEDD at baseline influenced the degree of change in the NMSS total score (p = 0.026; F = 5.23). None of the variables influenced the change in the PDQ39. Conclusions: Safinamide improved NMSs independently of sex, age, DD, and LEDD. QoL improved independently of DD, and in females and non-elderly and very treated patients.

Background and objective: Device-aided therapies (DATs) are established treatments for Parkinson’s disease (PD) with motor fluctuations insufficiently controlled by conventional therapy, but their optimal timing remains uncertain. We investigated whether younger patients earlier within advanced PD (yeaPD) experience greater health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) improvement after DAT initiation. Methods: Data were obtained from the prospective, multicenter DATs-PD GETM Spanish Registry. yeaPD was defined as age ≤65 years, Hoehn and Yahr stage ≤2 in the ON state, and ≤5 years since motor fluctuation onset. HRQoL was assessed using the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire Summary Index (PDQ-39SI) at baseline and 6 ± 3 months. Results: Of 510 patients, 133 (26.1%) fulfilled yeaPD criteria. Paired data were available for 148 patients (36 yeaPD; 112 non-yeaPD). PDQ-39SI improved from 31.7 ± 13.8 to 21.9 ± 16.0 in yeaPD and from 38.5 ± 15.6 to 34.8 ± 17.1 in non-yeaPD (relative improvements: 30.9% vs. 9.6%; p = 0.032). The group-by-time interaction remained significant after adjustment for sex, principal caregiver, DAT type, time since PD diagnosis, and baseline levodopa equivalent daily dose (F = 4.565, p = 0.035), and after additionally adjusting for changes in motor and non-motor symptom burden (F = 4.460, p = 0.037). Clinically relevant HRQoL improvement occurred in 75.0% versus 53.6% (p = 0.023; OR 2.60, 95% CI 1.12–6.03). Mobility and stigmatization remained significant after multiplicity correction. Conclusions: DAT initiation while patients remain younger and functionally less advanced was associated with greater, clinically meaningful HRQoL improvement.

Background and objective: Depression is frequent in Parkinson's disease (PD), but it is unclear how mood changes and impacts patient's quality of life (QoL) over time. Our objective was to analyze the frequency of depression and mood changes in people with PD (PwP) over 5 years of follow-up, comparing it with a control group, as well as its relationship with the patients' QoL. Patients and Methods: PwP and healthy controls (HC) recruited from the COPPADIS cohort from January/2016 to November/2017 were included in this 5-year follow-up study. Mood was assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), and participants were classified as having major depression, minor depression, subthreshold depression, or non-depression at baseline and at 2, 4, and 5 years of follow-up. Correlation analysis and linear regression models were applied. Results: The BDI-II total score increased from 8.1 ± 6.2 at baseline to 10.3 ± 8.1 at the 5-year follow-up visit in PwP (p< 0.0001) but not in HC (from 4.1 ± 5.2 to 4.0 ± 5.7 [p=0.896]). The prevalence of depression remained around 50–54% in the PwP group and 21–25% in the HC group throughout the follow-up period, but the mood state showed variability for each patient between visits. Patients´ QoL was associated with the depressive state throughout the entire follow-up period (p< 0.0001). Worsening QoL, sleep, longer disease duration, and an increase in neuropsychiatric symptoms were identified as independent factors associated with a worsening of mood over time in PwP (N=348). Conclusion: Mood changes over time in PwP and are associated with QoL.

Background and Objective: Sex differences in the treatment of people with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) with a device-aided therapy (DAT) have been poorly investigated. Our aim was to analyze sex differences in the management and response to a DAT in PwP in daily clinical practice (DCP). Patients and Methods: Data collected in the DATs-PD GETM Spanish Registry until 30 October 2025 were used. This is a descriptive, observational, prospective, and multicenter clinical registry with progressive inclusion of PwP treated with a DAT in DCP conditions in more than 40 centers from Spain. Sex differences in the DAT received and changes in quality of life (QoL), motor symptoms (MS), non-motor symptoms (NMS), and autonomy for activities of daily living (AADL) after 6 months of treatment were analyzed. Results: A total of 618 PD patients (66.9 ± 9.5 years old; 57.6% men) were treated with a DAT. A significant difference was observed in the DAT type according to sex (p = 0.006), with 73.1% of PwP who were treated with deep brain stimulation being men. At the time of DAT indication, women were older, received a higher levodopa equivalent daily dose, and had a worse health-related QoL and AADL. OFF time decreased, whereas MS and NMS burden and health-related QoL improved at 6 months follow-up in both groups (men and women). AADL improved only in men during the OFF state. Conclusion: Sex differences were detected in the use of DATs in PwP. Improvement in OFF time, MS, NMS, and QoL was detected in both groups.