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Eungdo Kim
Department of Biomedical Convergence, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheong-ju 28644, Chungbuk, Korea

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Journal article
Published: 23 August 2021 in Sustainability
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Since small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in economic development, the government implements various supports. Nevertheless, SMEs have difficulties in gaining a competitive advantage in the market owing to lack of capital and capacity. Accordingly, SMEs try to secure a competitive advantage through innovation. Government support is necessary for the innovation of SMEs, and it is essential for food SMEs as well. Whether government support for firms can affect firm’s innovation is still a matter of debate. In particular, it is necessary to empirically investigate the relationship between government support and innovation for SMEs in latecomers to the food industry such as Korea. Therefore, this study conducted an empirical study on the factors that determine the innovation performance of food SMEs by government support. This study used a two-stage regression model. The government support does not unilaterally affect innovation performance, but rather, an endogeneity problem occurs through the interaction between them. This study examined the interrelationships between variables for a clear estimate of government support. Before two-stage regression, this study used the ordered logistic regression to determine the instrumental variables. Each instrumental variable was estimated for the seven types of government support that are normally implemented. The result suggests that the government certification support is effective in improving the innovation performance of food SMEs. This study is useful to establish innovation strategies for supporting food SMEs’ innovation in late-coming countries.

ACS Style

Harry Jeong; Kwangsoo Shin; Seunghyun Kim; Eungdo Kim. What Types of Government Support on Food SMEs Improve Innovation Performance? Sustainability 2021, 13, 9461 .

AMA Style

Harry Jeong, Kwangsoo Shin, Seunghyun Kim, Eungdo Kim. What Types of Government Support on Food SMEs Improve Innovation Performance? Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9461.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harry Jeong; Kwangsoo Shin; Seunghyun Kim; Eungdo Kim. 2021. "What Types of Government Support on Food SMEs Improve Innovation Performance?" Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9461.

Journal article
Published: 07 April 2021 in Sustainability
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Due to the high risk in development process, the bio-pharmaceutical industry has transformed itself into an open innovation framework in order to overcome economic risk. This study examines the relationship between outbound open innovation and financial performance in bio-pharmaceutical industry. Specifically, this study extends knowledge-based view to link the open innovation performance and licensor’s sustainability. In order to provide empirical evidence, this study uses econometric methodology with several databases including bio-pharmaceutical firms. The analysis shows firm’s desorptive capabilities have a significant effect on financial performance, confirming the application of knowledge capacity framework. The result of the study can suggest the way how the licensors can maintain the sustainability of competitiveness in bio-pharmaceutical industry.

ACS Style

Eungdo Kim; Ingyu Lee; Hongbum Kim; Kwangsoo Shin. Factors Affecting Outbound Open Innovation Performance in Bio-Pharmaceutical Industry-Focus on Out-Licensing Deals. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4122 .

AMA Style

Eungdo Kim, Ingyu Lee, Hongbum Kim, Kwangsoo Shin. Factors Affecting Outbound Open Innovation Performance in Bio-Pharmaceutical Industry-Focus on Out-Licensing Deals. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4122.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eungdo Kim; Ingyu Lee; Hongbum Kim; Kwangsoo Shin. 2021. "Factors Affecting Outbound Open Innovation Performance in Bio-Pharmaceutical Industry-Focus on Out-Licensing Deals." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4122.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2020 in Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity
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This study aims to explore whether a firm’s financial sustainability is enhanced by open innovation especially after a global financial crisis. There are few studies on the relationship between open innovation and financial sustainability. This study aimed to fill the literature gap by analyzing the change in the financial ratio according to the increase or decrease in open innovation. We used a case study method regarding large Korean food firms. Korea is a latecomer in the food industry, which is driven by large companies. This study is meaningful for financial sustainability studies of countries with a lack of resources and small market size, which require open innovation. The findings of this study are as follows: The most preferred alliance strategy of large food firms is joint research. In order to secure raw materials and markets, open innovation was actively conducted abroad, which increased growth and profitability. However, a firm which rarely adopts open innovation could grow steadily through internal strategies. On the other hand, although relatively many open innovations have been used, growth and profitability could decrease. Firms with sufficient absorptive capacity strengthen financial sustainability through open innovation.

ACS Style

Harry Jeong; Kwangsoo Shin; Eungdo Kim; Seunghyun Kim. Does Open Innovation Enhance a Large Firm’s Financial Sustainability? A Case of the Korean Food Industry. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 2020, 6, 101 .

AMA Style

Harry Jeong, Kwangsoo Shin, Eungdo Kim, Seunghyun Kim. Does Open Innovation Enhance a Large Firm’s Financial Sustainability? A Case of the Korean Food Industry. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 2020; 6 (4):101.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harry Jeong; Kwangsoo Shin; Eungdo Kim; Seunghyun Kim. 2020. "Does Open Innovation Enhance a Large Firm’s Financial Sustainability? A Case of the Korean Food Industry." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 6, no. 4: 101.

Manuscript
Published: 20 June 2020 in Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
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Even though both collective intelligence and groupthink promote concurrence seeking, studies focused on the relationship between the two are lacking. Therefore, this study aims to explore how to transform groupthink into collective intelligence that contributes to knowledge creation. Three “switching factors”— “knowledge conflict,” “reconsideration,” and “organizational memory”—are defined herein. The effects of each factor and combinations of factors were tested through an agent-based model (ABM) and efficiency analysis. The ABM simulation showed that “knowledge conflict” is good for organizational performance but reduces the scope for new knowledge. On the contrary, a model with “reconsideration” or “organizational memory” was able to hold the heterogeneity of knowledge. With respect to efficiency, eight possible strategies were tested by stochastic frontier analysis. Its results showed that the combination of “knowledge conflict” and “reconsideration” had the highest efficiency with respect to both “between-group” and “meta-frontier.” Thus, this study suggests that the switching factors and strategies using their combinations can help in ensuring decentralization and diversity in organizations, and ultimately, contribute to new knowledge creation—specifically, the combination of “knowledge conflict” and “reconsideration” is the most efficient strategy. This study contributes to the possible existence of switching factors and, using them, builds an optimal strategy in the practical field of knowledge management.

ACS Style

Namjun Cha; Junseok Hwang; Eungdo Kim. The optimal knowledge creation strategy of organizations in groupthink situations. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory 2020, 26, 207 -235.

AMA Style

Namjun Cha, Junseok Hwang, Eungdo Kim. The optimal knowledge creation strategy of organizations in groupthink situations. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory. 2020; 26 (2):207-235.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Namjun Cha; Junseok Hwang; Eungdo Kim. 2020. "The optimal knowledge creation strategy of organizations in groupthink situations." Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory 26, no. 2: 207-235.

Journal article
Published: 02 October 2019 in Electronics
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With the rapid development of information and communications technology (ICT), smart society has arrived. The emergence of smart media has changed the user’s role. Broader communication coverage, faster Internet speeds, and an expanding application market promote user participation. Therefore, the role of users in innovation has become more important than ever. In this rapidly changing environment, it has become important for firms to consider the role of users when developing innovation strategies. It is hard for a firm to maintain all abilities and resources amid this sudden change; therefore, firms have to develop their strategy considering the user’s role. For that reason, firms need to network with universities, researchers, firms, and users from the open innovation perspective. This study divides firm strategy into exploitation and exploration strategies in the value chain and identifies the effects of utilization strategy, exploration strategy, and the role of users in the smart media industry on firm performance.

ACS Style

Cheongho Na; Eungdo Kim; Kwangsoo Shin. Can user innovation grow a firm? The case of the Korean smart media industry. Electronics 2019, 8, 1114 .

AMA Style

Cheongho Na, Eungdo Kim, Kwangsoo Shin. Can user innovation grow a firm? The case of the Korean smart media industry. Electronics. 2019; 8 (10):1114.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cheongho Na; Eungdo Kim; Kwangsoo Shin. 2019. "Can user innovation grow a firm? The case of the Korean smart media industry." Electronics 8, no. 10: 1114.

Journal article
Published: 23 September 2019 in Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity
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The pharmaceutical industry is a high-technology industry that requires a combination of in-depth knowledge from various fields. It is characterized by high cost, high risk and a long-term perspective due to the high level of regulation. In addition, it is known that research and development (R&D) productivity is deteriorating in the industry. Under these conditions, the importance of open innovation strategies has been emphasized. Under an open innovation system, it is essential for firms to develop several dynamic capabilities to effectively manage their resources both internally and externally. Using a systematic framework of dynamic capabilities suggested by previous studies, this study focuses on the determinants affecting firms’ desorptive capacities, which are measured as the number of out-licensing deals, as an indicator for the performance of their outbound innovation. For the analysis, negative binomial regression is employed and inventive capacity and connective capacity are selected as the determinants of the licensors’ desorptive capacity. The results of regression analysis reveal that inventive capacity does not have a significant effect on desorptive capacity and that only connective capacity has a significant positive effect on desorptive capacity.

ACS Style

Insoo Lee; Eungdo Kim. Factors Affecting the Outbound Open Innovation Strategies in Pharmaceutical Industry: Focus on Out-Licensing Deal. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 2019, 5, 73 .

AMA Style

Insoo Lee, Eungdo Kim. Factors Affecting the Outbound Open Innovation Strategies in Pharmaceutical Industry: Focus on Out-Licensing Deal. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 2019; 5 (4):73.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Insoo Lee; Eungdo Kim. 2019. "Factors Affecting the Outbound Open Innovation Strategies in Pharmaceutical Industry: Focus on Out-Licensing Deal." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 5, no. 4: 73.

Journal article
Published: 09 September 2019 in Sustainability
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In recent years, technological mergers and acquisitions (M&As) have become important strategic tools for enterprises to access and utilize new external knowledge. In particular, in the biopharmaceutical industry, M&A activities are actively being progressed due to an increase in new drug development costs, a decrease in R&D productivity, and the patent expiration of blockbuster drugs. However, there is a lack of research on the integrated view of (1) the acquirer’s capability and (2) the dyadic relationship of the knowledge base between the acquirer and target on the innovation performance of the acquirer. Furthermore, there are few empirical studies on the impact of these factors on ambidextrous innovation; that is, exploitative and explorative innovation. Therefore, with this integrated view in mind, this study analyzed the effect of each factor on the exploitative and exploratory innovation performance of the acquirer. A negative binomial regression was conducted using patent data to measure the innovation outcome of the acquirer after M&A. The findings suggest that (1) the acquisition experience of the acquirer and (2) the technological commonness between the acquirer and the target both had a significant impact on the exploitation and exploration innovation performance.

ACS Style

Ye Jin Lee; Kwangsoo Shin; Eungdo Kim. The Influence of a Firm’s Capability and Dyadic Relationship of the Knowledge Base on Ambidextrous Innovation in Biopharmaceutical M&As. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4920 .

AMA Style

Ye Jin Lee, Kwangsoo Shin, Eungdo Kim. The Influence of a Firm’s Capability and Dyadic Relationship of the Knowledge Base on Ambidextrous Innovation in Biopharmaceutical M&As. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (18):4920.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ye Jin Lee; Kwangsoo Shin; Eungdo Kim. 2019. "The Influence of a Firm’s Capability and Dyadic Relationship of the Knowledge Base on Ambidextrous Innovation in Biopharmaceutical M&As." Sustainability 11, no. 18: 4920.

Journal article
Published: 05 September 2019 in Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity
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Despite its importance to the performance outcome of an organization, there are very few studies on how feedback mechanism impacts ecosystems of government-funded research institutes (GIs). This study focuses on the effect of the feedback mechanism on the average performance and diversity of a GI ecosystem. Feedback mechanisms consisted of feedback strategy and degree of result sharing. An agent-based model that embeds a genetic algorithm to replicate a real GI ecosystem was used. It was found that relational patterns between average performance and degree of result sharing varied by type of feedback policy. In contrast, convergence time, which refers to the average period of settling the stable state in the perspective of ecosystem diversity, depends on the ratio of result openness rather than the type of feedback policy. This study suggests two plans to improve the GI assessment system by changing the degree of result sharing and feedback type.

ACS Style

Namjun Cha; Junseok Hwang; Eungdo Kim; Cha; Kim. How to Improve Performance and Diversity of Government-Funded Research Institute Ecosystem? Focus on Result Sharing and Feedback Policy. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 2019, 5, 66 .

AMA Style

Namjun Cha, Junseok Hwang, Eungdo Kim, Cha, Kim. How to Improve Performance and Diversity of Government-Funded Research Institute Ecosystem? Focus on Result Sharing and Feedback Policy. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 2019; 5 (3):66.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Namjun Cha; Junseok Hwang; Eungdo Kim; Cha; Kim. 2019. "How to Improve Performance and Diversity of Government-Funded Research Institute Ecosystem? Focus on Result Sharing and Feedback Policy." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 5, no. 3: 66.

Journal article
Published: 28 August 2019 in Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity
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The objective of this study is to summarize the current general evaluation process that stakeholders use to evaluate single or multiple medical devices to select the optimal medical device. This study constructed a novel evaluation framework to select the optimal medical device by overcoming the limitations of assessments that were previously confined to the medical device cycle and the purpose of the specific assessment. It also presents a general framework for incorporating usability evaluations into the frame to reflect the objectives and characteristics of key stakeholders in the medical device industry. In addition, the results of medical device evaluation are further analyzed using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP).

ACS Style

Juhyeok Park; Eungdo Kim; Kwangsoo Shin. Developing an Evaluation Framework for Selecting Optimal Medical Devices. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 2019, 5, 64 .

AMA Style

Juhyeok Park, Eungdo Kim, Kwangsoo Shin. Developing an Evaluation Framework for Selecting Optimal Medical Devices. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 2019; 5 (3):64.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juhyeok Park; Eungdo Kim; Kwangsoo Shin. 2019. "Developing an Evaluation Framework for Selecting Optimal Medical Devices." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 5, no. 3: 64.

Journal article
Published: 22 July 2019 in Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity
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The financial valuation of a drug that is still under development is required for various purposes. The risk-adjusted net present value (r-NPV) method, which recently emerged in the biotech industry, uses the development attrition rate as a discount factor to reflect risk during each development phase. The r-NPV method was developed to overcome the disadvantages of the prevailing discounted cash flow and real options methods and considers drug type, as well as the stage of development in its approach. Using this method, the current study examines technology values in the biopharmaceutical industry and matches the clinical development periods and success rates of these new drugs by analyzing datasets from ClinicalTrials.gov and MedTrack DB. It thus provides support for an empirical valuation model for experts in the field. Notably, there is limited research on the attrition rate and development period of new substance drugs and the research results are not consistently presented. In addition to new substance drugs, further research is necessary to deepen understanding of the attrition rate and development period of biologically-based drugs because of their inherent physical and developmental differences. Similarly, research on performance specifics within drug class models would enable refinement of the model.

ACS Style

Jonghak Woo; Eungdo Kim; Tae-Eung Sung; Jongtaik Lee; Kwangsoo Shin; Jeonghee Lee. Developing an Improved Risk-Adjusted Net Present Value Technology Valuation Model for the Biopharmaceutical Industry. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 2019, 5, 45 .

AMA Style

Jonghak Woo, Eungdo Kim, Tae-Eung Sung, Jongtaik Lee, Kwangsoo Shin, Jeonghee Lee. Developing an Improved Risk-Adjusted Net Present Value Technology Valuation Model for the Biopharmaceutical Industry. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 2019; 5 (3):45.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonghak Woo; Eungdo Kim; Tae-Eung Sung; Jongtaik Lee; Kwangsoo Shin; Jeonghee Lee. 2019. "Developing an Improved Risk-Adjusted Net Present Value Technology Valuation Model for the Biopharmaceutical Industry." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 5, no. 3: 45.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2019 in Cogent Business & Management
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ACS Style

Keungoui Kim; Junseok Hwang; Sungdo Jung; Eungdo Kim. Which technology diversification index should be selected?: Insights for diversification perspectives. Cogent Business & Management 2019, 6, 1 .

AMA Style

Keungoui Kim, Junseok Hwang, Sungdo Jung, Eungdo Kim. Which technology diversification index should be selected?: Insights for diversification perspectives. Cogent Business & Management. 2019; 6 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Keungoui Kim; Junseok Hwang; Sungdo Jung; Eungdo Kim. 2019. "Which technology diversification index should be selected?: Insights for diversification perspectives." Cogent Business & Management 6, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 03 September 2018 in Sustainability
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This paper analyzes factors affecting pricing in patent licensing contracts in the biopharmaceutical industry based on a dataset that includes royalty-related data such as running royalty rate, up-front payment, milestones, and deal value. Data on drug candidates for 11 drug classes is obtained for regression analysis between royalty-related data and multiple input descriptors such as market factors, licensor factors, and licensee factor in order to derive the formula for predicting royalty-related estimates such as royalty rate, up-front payment, milestones, and deal value. Data is gathered from multiple sources including MedTrack and is processed through merging and cleaning. We found that the three most important factors in pricing in patent licensing in the biopharmaceutical industry are CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate), PDELR (Previous Deal Experience of Licensor), and AR (Attrition Rate). We found that factors in the formula used to estimate the license fee are totally different by drug class. We found that the three most important factors in the frequency in the formula used to estimate the license fee are PDELR, RnDLR (R&D Costs of Licensor), and PDELE (Previous Deal Experience of Licensee). This study suggests a method of estimating the proper royalty rate, up-front payment, milestones, and deal value of the drug candidates of 11 drug classes by using easily obtained input data.

ACS Style

Jeong Hee Lee; Eungdo Kim; Tae-Eung Sung; Kwangsoo Shin. Factors Affecting Pricing in Patent Licensing Contracts in the Biopharmaceutical Industry. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3143 .

AMA Style

Jeong Hee Lee, Eungdo Kim, Tae-Eung Sung, Kwangsoo Shin. Factors Affecting Pricing in Patent Licensing Contracts in the Biopharmaceutical Industry. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (9):3143.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jeong Hee Lee; Eungdo Kim; Tae-Eung Sung; Kwangsoo Shin. 2018. "Factors Affecting Pricing in Patent Licensing Contracts in the Biopharmaceutical Industry." Sustainability 10, no. 9: 3143.

Journal article
Published: 08 August 2018 in Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity
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The pharmaceutical industry, where research and development (R&D) efficiency is central to company survival, has recently faced significant challenges. To increase efficiency, companies must implement strategies such as open innovation (OI), wherein they sell their intellectual property, maximize their use of external resources, adjust their structures, and implement new business models. In this study, we divided 701 U.S. pharmaceutical companies according to their OI strategies to measure and compare their R&D efficiencies between 2001 and 2016. We analyzed the deal data of companies by first dividing them into four groups (inside-out, outside-in, coupled, and closed) to calculate R&D efficiency using stochastic and meta-frontier analyses. In the first group analysis, the coupled group shows high technical efficiency, but in an overall comparison, the inside-out group achieves the highest efficiency values. These values increased between 2005 and 2010, when the R&D crisis in the industry was great at its highest. We thus identified the characteristics of each group based on our results, and presented extensive analyses using a time-series comparison and enterprise-level analysis. We claim that pharmaceutical companies can still cope with the current R&D crisis by implementing different OI strategies.

ACS Style

Kisoon Shin; Daeho Lee; Kwangsoo Shin; Eungdo Kim. Measuring the Efficiency of U.S. Pharmaceutical Companies Based on Open Innovation Types. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 2018, 4, 34 .

AMA Style

Kisoon Shin, Daeho Lee, Kwangsoo Shin, Eungdo Kim. Measuring the Efficiency of U.S. Pharmaceutical Companies Based on Open Innovation Types. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 2018; 4 (3):34.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kisoon Shin; Daeho Lee; Kwangsoo Shin; Eungdo Kim. 2018. "Measuring the Efficiency of U.S. Pharmaceutical Companies Based on Open Innovation Types." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 4, no. 3: 34.

Journal article
Published: 07 August 2018 in Sustainability
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Previous studies related to open innovation have presented piecewise implications in relation to various knowledge management capacities. The study published by Lichtenthaler and Lichtenthaler in 2009 presented a model that combines the various open innovation capacities of firms in view of a mix of knowledge management, dynamic capability and absorptive capacity. Despite these efforts, there have been few empirical studies on the relationships among capacities, or between capacities and performance from an integrated perspective. Therefore, this study seeks to clarify the relationships among knowledge capacities and between knowledge capacities, technological innovation and financial performance at the firm level. Our findings are that the transformative, connective, inventive and absorptive capacities both directly and indirectly affects technological innovation performance; and innovative and desorptive capacities are the key factors connecting technological innovation to financial performance. This study provides managerial implications for the balanced development of the various knowledge capacities and the improvement of technological innovation and financial performance for firm knowledge managers.

ACS Style

Kwangsoo Shin; Eungdo Kim; Euiseob Jeong. Structural Relationship and Influence between Open Innovation Capacities and Performances. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2787 .

AMA Style

Kwangsoo Shin, Eungdo Kim, Euiseob Jeong. Structural Relationship and Influence between Open Innovation Capacities and Performances. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (8):2787.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kwangsoo Shin; Eungdo Kim; Euiseob Jeong. 2018. "Structural Relationship and Influence between Open Innovation Capacities and Performances." Sustainability 10, no. 8: 2787.

Journal article
Published: 02 August 2018 in Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity
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This research aimed to build a solid basis through analytic hierarchy process (AHP) analysis to develop a reliable and practical valuation model that reflects the characteristics of the biotech industry and propose a reference formula to estimate the license fee by drug class for potential business transactions. In this study, we reviewed 135 related studies and found 167 related determinants. We surveyed 25 or more specialists in the biopharmaceutical industries. The survey group consisted of National Research Institutes (‘Group 1’), Companies (‘Group 2’), and Government Agencies–Universities (‘Group 3’). The average of the total group and Group 3 showed the same tendency at a Level 3 ranking, where the priority in determining the license fee was arranged in the order of ‘the market factor, the technology factor, the financial factor, and the environmental factor’ in light of the factors, and ‘patent characteristics, licensee characteristics, and licensor characteristics’ for the characteristics. We noted that the patent characteristics were primarily significant in technology transactions and their contract fee in the groups (Total, Group 2 and Group 3), followed by licensee characteristics. In terms of the in-depth index, we noted that the development phase and attrition rate, intellectual property tradability, and licensee licensing experience, followed by quality of technology, were the most influential determinants.

ACS Style

Jeong Hee Lee; Tae-Eung Sung; Eungdo Kim; Kwangsoo Shin. Evaluating Determinant Priority of License Fee in Biotech Industry. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 2018, 4, 30 .

AMA Style

Jeong Hee Lee, Tae-Eung Sung, Eungdo Kim, Kwangsoo Shin. Evaluating Determinant Priority of License Fee in Biotech Industry. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 2018; 4 (3):30.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jeong Hee Lee; Tae-Eung Sung; Eungdo Kim; Kwangsoo Shin. 2018. "Evaluating Determinant Priority of License Fee in Biotech Industry." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 4, no. 3: 30.

Journal article
Published: 24 July 2018 in Sustainability
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This paper analyses factors in open innovation activity in the Korean new information and communications technology (ICT) industry, with a focus on cooperation network strategy and intellectual property (IP) management capability, by applying multiple regression models with data collected from 300 companies within the industry. The results of this analysis suggested that the intensity and variation of a company’s technological cooperation with a new ICT company has a statistically meaningful impact on its innovation. In particular, the impact depended on the type of cooperation network. Though IP management capability was also shown to have an important influence on a new ICT company’s innovation, the impact of specific actions for IP management varied by the specific type of innovation results. This study suggests that new ICT companies need to construct technological innovation networks using multiple external sources and enhance their IP management capability in order to increase their technological innovation performance. The factors influencing technological innovation are elements of open innovation, indicating the open technological innovativeness of the new ICT Industry.

ACS Style

So Young Kim; Eungdo Kim. How Intellectual Property Management Capability and Network Strategy Affect Open Technological Innovation in the Korean New Information Communications Technology Industry. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2600 .

AMA Style

So Young Kim, Eungdo Kim. How Intellectual Property Management Capability and Network Strategy Affect Open Technological Innovation in the Korean New Information Communications Technology Industry. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (8):2600.

Chicago/Turabian Style

So Young Kim; Eungdo Kim. 2018. "How Intellectual Property Management Capability and Network Strategy Affect Open Technological Innovation in the Korean New Information Communications Technology Industry." Sustainability 10, no. 8: 2600.

Journal article
Published: 16 July 2018 in Sustainability
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Small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) in the healthcare IT industry must have innovative technology and, at the same time, be able to commercialize this technology in order to have sustainable growth, as enterprises in any other industry do. However, due to the lack of resources of SMEs, many studies focus on effective and innovative strategies based on a resource-based view. To be more effective, some SMEs collaborate with other companies in the manufacturing process, not as a closed, but rather as an open innovation. However, this collaboration is difficult and bears risks. Additionally, as an external factor, the government certification system attempts to help SMEs. Therefore, in this study, we performed a multiple regression analysis centered on firms’ resources and strategies. Three results were obtained. First, in terms of the firms’ resources, the higher the quality of patents that measure firm capacity, the higher the firm performance. Second, regarding the firms’ strategies, cooperation with external companies in the manufacturing process has a positive effect on firm performance. Third, receiving government certification (InnoBiz certification), as a form of cooperation with the government, has a negative impact on firm performance. In other words, the present government policy to support the R&D of SMEs needs to be adjusted. SMEs can develop high-quality patents, and strategies for cooperation with external companies can enhance the innovation performance of enterprises.

ACS Style

Hana Kim; Eungdo Kim. How an Open Innovation Strategy for Commercialization Affects the Firm Performance of Korean Healthcare IT SMEs. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2476 .

AMA Style

Hana Kim, Eungdo Kim. How an Open Innovation Strategy for Commercialization Affects the Firm Performance of Korean Healthcare IT SMEs. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (7):2476.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hana Kim; Eungdo Kim. 2018. "How an Open Innovation Strategy for Commercialization Affects the Firm Performance of Korean Healthcare IT SMEs." Sustainability 10, no. 7: 2476.

Journal article
Published: 12 June 2018 in Sustainability
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With increases in aging and chronic disease, there have been efforts to apply IT to healthcare. Many studies show that the will to exercise (self-efficacy) is the most important factor contributing to physical activity. However, those who need exercise do not have this will so that an approach to increase the motivation for physical activity should be unconscious. Thus, playing Pokémon GO, an augmented reality (AR) mobile game requiring players to ambulate in reality, increases the physical activity of individuals with a simple motivation of enjoyment. A survey on 237 Pokémon GO players was analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) considering libertarian paternalism. The results show that self-efficacy had a non-significant effect on attitude toward the game Pokémon GO, while previous studies found that self-efficacy is the most important factor in increasing physical activity. This indicates that playing AR drives physical activity, subconsciously and effectively.

ACS Style

Hana Kim; Hyung Jin Lee; Hosoo Cho; Eungdo Kim; Junseok Hwang. Replacing Self-Efficacy in Physical Activity: Unconscious Intervention of the AR Game, Pokémon GO. Sustainability 2018, 10, 1971 .

AMA Style

Hana Kim, Hyung Jin Lee, Hosoo Cho, Eungdo Kim, Junseok Hwang. Replacing Self-Efficacy in Physical Activity: Unconscious Intervention of the AR Game, Pokémon GO. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (6):1971.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hana Kim; Hyung Jin Lee; Hosoo Cho; Eungdo Kim; Junseok Hwang. 2018. "Replacing Self-Efficacy in Physical Activity: Unconscious Intervention of the AR Game, Pokémon GO." Sustainability 10, no. 6: 1971.

Journal article
Published: 13 March 2018 in Biomaterials Research
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The purpose of this paper is to provide technology trends and information regarding market and prospects in stents used for human blood vessels in Korea and the world. A stent is a medical device in the form of a cylindrical metal net used to normalize flow when blood or other bodily fluids such as biliary fluids are obstructed in blood vessels, gastrointestinal tracts, etc. by inserting the stent into a narrowed or clogged area. Stents are classified into vascular and non-vascular stents. The coronary artery stent is avascular stent that is used for coronary atherosclerosis. The demand is increasing for stents to treat diseases such as those affecting the heart and blood vessels of elderly and middle-aged patients. Due to the current shift in the demographic structure caused by an aging society, the prospect for stents seems to be very bright. The use of a stent designed to prevent acute vascular occlusion and restenosis, which is a side effect of conventional balloon angioplasty, has rapidly become popular because it can prevent acute complications and improve clinical outcomes. Since the initial release of this stent, there have been significant developments in its design, the most notable of which has been the introduction of drug-eluting stents (DES). Bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) have the potential to introduce a paradigm shift in interventional cardiology, a true anatomical and functional “vascular restoration” instead of an artificial stiff tube encased by a persistent metallic foreign body. Data for this research were gathered from primary and secondary sources as well as the databases of the Korea Institute of Science Technology Information (KISTI) located in Seoul, Korea like KISTI Market Report. The sources used for primary research included the databases available from the Korea Institute of Science Technology Information, past industry research services/studies, economic and demographic data, and trade and industry journals. Secondary research was used to supplement and complement the primary research. Interviews were conducted with physicians and surgeons from the key hospitals and senior sale/marketing managers from stent product suppliers in South Korea. The global stent market is estimated at US $ 7.98 billion in 2016 and is expected to grow at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 3.8% over the next 5 years. As of 2016, the global market for vascular stents is estimated at $ 7.22 billion, with coronary artery stents accounting for 67.3% of the vascular stent market. Among the coronary artery stents, BRS is notably expected to grow at an annual average rate of 8.8% by 2020, but the global adoption rate of BRS remains low at present. In the Korean market, stents for blood vessels account for most of the market, and the market size of stents for blood vessels in Korea was estimated to be 145 billion won as of 2016. In comparison to the sales growth rate of other medical devices, the future stent technology market is judged to be higher in growth potential.

ACS Style

Jeong Hee Lee; Eung Do Kim; Eun Jung Jun; Hyoung Sun Yoo; Joon Woo Lee. Analysis of trends and prospects regarding stents for human blood vessels. Biomaterials Research 2018, 22, 8 .

AMA Style

Jeong Hee Lee, Eung Do Kim, Eun Jung Jun, Hyoung Sun Yoo, Joon Woo Lee. Analysis of trends and prospects regarding stents for human blood vessels. Biomaterials Research. 2018; 22 (1):8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jeong Hee Lee; Eung Do Kim; Eun Jung Jun; Hyoung Sun Yoo; Joon Woo Lee. 2018. "Analysis of trends and prospects regarding stents for human blood vessels." Biomaterials Research 22, no. 1: 8.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2017 in Evaluation and Program Planning
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For decades, efforts have been made globally to measure the performance of large-scale public projects and to develop a framework to perform such measurements due to the complexity and dynamics of R&D and stakeholder interests. Still, limitations such as the use of a simply modified model and the lack of a comprehensive viewpoint are prevalent in existing approaches. In light of these research gaps, this study suggests a practical model to evaluate the performance of large-scale and publicly funded projects. The proposed model suggests a standard matrix framework of indices that evaluates the performance of particular elements in an industrial ecosystem in vertical categories and the economic and technological outcomes of those elements in horizontal categories. Based on the application of a balanced scorecard, this study uses mixed methodologies such as social network analysis, inter-industry analysis, and the analytic hierarchy process. Finally, the model evaluates the performance of Korea's Next Generation Network project as a case study.

ACS Style

Eungdo Kim; Soyoung Kim; Hongbum Kim. Development of an evaluation framework for publicly funded R&D projects: The case of Korea's Next Generation Network. Evaluation and Program Planning 2017, 63, 18 -28.

AMA Style

Eungdo Kim, Soyoung Kim, Hongbum Kim. Development of an evaluation framework for publicly funded R&D projects: The case of Korea's Next Generation Network. Evaluation and Program Planning. 2017; 63 ():18-28.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eungdo Kim; Soyoung Kim; Hongbum Kim. 2017. "Development of an evaluation framework for publicly funded R&D projects: The case of Korea's Next Generation Network." Evaluation and Program Planning 63, no. : 18-28.