What is the potential impact on carbon storage of the native and introduced tree species commonly associated with coffee in the central Peruvian Amazon? Coffee is a pivotal crop within the Peruvian economy. Nevertheless, the establishment of new plantations—driven by the subsistence needs of smallholder farmers—has led to expansion into forested areas. Given the significance of this crop and the demonstrated ecosystem benefits of agroforestry systems (AFSs), the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of native and introduced shade tree species on carbon storage in coffee plantations. This study was observational and exhibited characteristics of an unbalanced incomplete block design. Agroforestry systems (AFSs) with shade tree species such as Inga, Retrophyllum rospigliosii, Eucalyptus and Pinus, and three unshaded coffee plantations, were included in this study. The total carbon stored in each AFS was higher than in unshaded coffee plantations. Soil contributed between 47% and 91% to total carbon storage, shade trees (24–46%), coffee (2–7%), leaf litter (0.6–1.9%) and shrubs and herbaceous plants (0.02–0.3%). The AFS with R. rospigliosii achieved the highest carbon storage with 190.38 Mg ha⁻¹, highlighting the compatibility of this species with coffee plantations, as well as its positive effect on climate change mitigation in deforested areas.

<!--Galleys --> <!--Full Text:--> PDF <!--END GALLEYS---> Abstract At inadequate stocking density, fish generally show different physiological responses. The effects of stocking density on Arapaima gigas larvae productive parameters have been determined in a previous study. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the stocking density on the water quality, hematological and biochemical profile, and productive performance of juvenile A. gigas. One hundred and eighty twelve months old, A. gigas were distributed into tanks using initial densities of 103.90, 157.95 and 220.11 kg m^-3 with three replicates. Ammoniacal nitrogen, carbon dioxide, dissolved oxygen pH, alkalinity, and hardness were determined using a LaMotte Fish Farm 9, AQ-2 model, Maryland, USA, freshwater test kit. Blood samples were taken at 13, 14, and 15 months old by pricking the caudal vein and profiles of glucose (Glu), total protein (TP), albumin, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and urea, were determined in blood serum. Rearing water was saturated in ammoniac nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and dissolved oxygen but have not changed with the increase of stocking density (P < 0.05), Erythrocyte's count (EC) diminished (P < 0.05), nonetheless, hemoglobin, mean concentration hemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell volume (MCV) increased (P < 0.05). Albumin, AST, ALT and urea diminished at 220.11 kg m^-3 stocking density (P < 0.05). The feed intake increased, final biomass gain was 100.26 ± 19.00, 119.10 ± 13.95, and 130.24 ± 08.07 kg m^-3, but did not change as density increased (P < 0.05). Juveniles of A. gigas showed no variation in productive performance with an increase in the stocking density. Furthermore, hematological and biochemical adapting profile to high stocking densities characterized this species.

La ganadería en el Perú es un ejercicio económico generalizada importante en el desarrollo económico de los habitantes de la zona rural. El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir los perfiles sociodemográficos de productores de ganado lechero en la microcuenca del río Nupe, región Huánuco. Se aplicó una encuesta a 138 unidades de producción bovina para explorar variables sociodemográficas como edad, género, nivel educativo, y aspectos relacionados con la propiedad de tierras, orientación de la granja ganadera, tamaño de los predios y área dedicada a la ganadería. También se consultó sobre el tamaño del rebaño y la cantidad de vacas en producción. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva para el análisis de los resultados. Los productores ganaderos en la microcuenca del río Nupe tienen en promedio 55 años y en su mayoría posee educación secundaria. Son propietarios de sus predios y se dedican a una ganadería de doble propósito. Desarrollan sistemas de manejo extensivo en un área promedio de 7 hectáreas por productor, con 6 hectáreas destinadas a pasturas. Los hatos constan de 13 vacas, de las cuales solo 5 están en producción de leche. Esta situación influye directamente en la productividad lechera y, por consiguiente, en la competitividad de los ganaderos y la soberanía alimentaria.

Guinea pigs in intensive production generates an imperative necessity of physio-pathological bases for diagnosing their state of welfare, health, and production; those which are available for this species are referred to as laboratory or companion animal. The aim of this research is to determine changes in hematological and blood metabolites profiles in relation to age of Cavia porcellus reared in intensive system at 660 masl in humid tropic. For this purpose, forty 15-120 days old guinea pig in healthy conditions from the inti x Peru lines born in the humid tropic were used and the evaluation ages were 15-21, 22-35, 36-60 and 61-120 days. Blood samples were obtained by puncture of the cephalic vein; profiles of erythrocytes (RBC), total leucocytes (WBC), lymphocytes, granulocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin, MCV, MCH and MCHC indices were determined. In serum, profiles of glucose, total protein (TP), albumin, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, total bilirubin (TB), and direct bilirubin (DB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined. Hemoglobin profile, MCH and MCHC indices increased as age increased (p < 0,05) and the erythrocytes, leucocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin profiles and MCV, MCH, MCHC indices showed the narrower interval ranges in the 15-35and 61-120-days old guinea pigs. Profiles of TP, DB and AST showed increase with age (p < 0,05) and the DB, AST, ALT, and TC profiles showed the narrower interval range at 36-120 days old. The hematological and blood metabolites profiles of guinea pigs raised in intensive system in humid tropical conditions show significant changes with production age. .

The valorization of agro-industrial waste represents a pivotal strategy for enhancing the sustainability of horticultural systems in arid regions. This study evaluated the potential of compost derived from sugarcane residues as an ecological alternative to chemical fertilization in the cultivation of Cucurbita moschata (loche), a culturally and economically significant crop on the northern coast of Peru. Four fertilization treatments were compared: conventional mineral fertilization, compost from sugarcane residues enriched with efficient microorganisms, compost supplemented with digestive enzymes, and guano from islands. Physiological parameters (plant vitality, elongation, number of shoots, and SPAD index) and productive indicators (fruit number, length, diameter, and °Brix) were evaluated under dry climatic conditions. Significant differences were observed in SPAD values at 107 days after sowing, with conventional mineral fertilization exhibiting the highest index (51.39 ± 5.4). While yield related traits did not differ statistically among treatments, compost from sugarcane residues enriched with efficient microorganisms showed vegetative development comparable to that of the mineral treatment, along with a positive trend in plant length. No significant differences were observed in fruit quality or number. These results suggest that composted sugarcane residues, especially when enriched with microbial agents, can support crop growth without compromising productivity. This study constitutes the first formal report on the application of sugarcane waste compost in C. moschata cultivation. Its implementation could promote agroecological practices, reduce reliance on mineral.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a strategic crop for global food security, supplying more than 20% of the calories consumed worldwide (Dahlgreen and Parr 2024). In Peru, rice cultivation is particularly ...