Continuous monitoring of vital signs could improve patient care in veterinary hospitals by identifying changes earlier and reducing patient stress from repeated handling. This study aimed to assess the agreement between a wireless harness device and manual measurement of heart rate, respiratory rate, and body temperature in hospitalized dogs. Nineteen client-owned dogs wore the harness throughout hospitalization and paired manual and harness measurements were collected every 4–8 h. Linear regression and Bland–Altman analysis were used to assess agreement. The device demonstrated strong correlation with manual measurements for heart rate and respiratory rate; however, the limits of agreement (LoA) exceeded predefined clinical thresholds, indicating high variability in individual readings. Temperature measurements showed a mean difference of 1.34 °F (manual minus harness), indicating underestimation by the harness. The LoA for temperature also exceeded predefined clinical thresholds, particularly in dogs with long fur. Fur length significantly influenced respiratory rate and temperature measurements, but not heart rate. Chest conformation also impacted respiratory rate and temperature accuracy. Heart rate was the most consistent parameter across all body types. Overall, the device tracked trends in heart rate and respiratory rate, supporting its potential as a supplemental monitoring tool. However, measurements should be confirmed manually prior to clinical decision-making.

Case summary: Dynamic intrapelvic urinary bladder displacement (DIUBD) is an uncommon condition where the urinary bladder intermittently displaces caudally into the pelvic canal, resulting in episodic lower urinary tract obstruction. Although this phenomenon is recognized more commonly in canine patients with perineal hernias, documented feline cases remain rare. Trauma or pelvic fractures can compromise the strength and conformation of local musculature and fascia, permitting the bladder to slip caudally under changing pressure gradients. In this case, an 8-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat, previously affected by multiple healed pelvic fractures, developed progressive urinary and defecatory straining. Initial imaging, including abdominal radiographs and ultrasonography, confirmed a caudally displaced bladder occasionally reverting to a more cranial position. Blood work and repeated urinalyses indicated post-renal azotemia on re-presentation. Surgical exploration revealed a mobile bladder without a distinct muscular defect, prompting cystopexy to anchor the bladder in a stable cranial position. Postoperative monitoring showed rapid improvement in clinical signs and renal values, and follow-up imaging confirmed that the bladder retained its corrected orientation. This case supports the importance of thorough imaging and an early corrective procedure for cats with recurrent lower urinary obstruction and a history of pelvic fractures. Relevance and novel information: Although DIUBD is more often recognized in dogs, this case indicates that it can similarly arise in cats with a history of pelvic trauma. Targeted imaging coupled with cystopexy can successfully address the intermittent obstruction.

Objective: To evaluate short-term complications for single-layer, full-thickness, simple continuous appositional closure (AC) of the uterus in dogs undergoing cesarean section (CS). Additional objectives included comparing the complication rates with dogs that underwent an inverting closure (IC) and reporting the litter size in dogs with subsequent pregnancies. Methods: A medical record review for dogs undergoing CS between May 2014 and February 2025 was performed at Colorado State University. Data retrieved included signalment, reason for CS, uterine closure pattern, anesthesia and surgery time, litter size, complications, and subsequent CSs. Results: The study population included 77 dogs that underwent 89 CSs (70 AC, 19 IC). Postoperative complications were noted in 6 of 89 cases (6.7%). Closure pattern was not found to be a risk factor for development of postoperative complications. No dogs required intervention related to hysterotomy closure, and all dogs survived the 14-day follow-up period. One dog developed paralysis following epidural use at the time of CS. Twenty-four dogs had subsequent pregnancies: 19 of 24 (79.2%) after AC and 5 of 24 (20.8%) after IC. Conclusions: Full-thickness AC was not a significant risk factor for short-term postoperative complications. Both single- and double-layer, full-thickness hysterotomy closures were compatible with subsequent successful whelping and CSs. Clinical Relevance: Single-layer, full-thickness, simple continuous appositional and double-layer full-thickness closures are safe for hysterotomy closure.

A 6-year-old Labrador Retriever presented with fever, cough, and labored breathing. Imaging revealed progressive pneumonia with intrathoracic lymphadenopathy. Initial testing yielded a positive Histoplasma urine antigen; however, fungal culture confirmed Blastomyces helicus. The dog improved on itraconazole, with normalization of clinical signs, C-reactive protein, imaging, and antigen tests. This case highlights diagnostic challenges of cross-reactivity in fungal antigen testing and emphasizes the importance of fungal culture in definitive diagnosis.

Objective: To assess the relationship between PaO ₂ and erythropoietin (EPO) concentrations and between PaO ₂ and hemoglobin (Hgb) concentrations in healthy brachycephalic (BRACHY) and healthy non-BRACHY dogs acclimatized to an altitude of 1,535 m. The third objective was to validate a human ELISA EPO kit for canine EPO measurement. Methods: Dogs were enrolled prospectively from January 2025 through September 2025. Venous samples for CBC, serum biochemistry, and EPO measurement were collected from a peripheral vein, and arterial samples were collected from the dorsal pedal artery. A human EPO quantitative ELISA was validated via spiking with recombinant canine EPO and establishment of linearity under dilution with 18 convenience samples. Results: 22 healthy adult BRACHY dogs and 32 healthy adult non-BRACHY dogs were enrolled. There was no correlation between PaO ₂ and EPO in any group. A moderate negative correlation was identified between PaO ₂ and Hgb among all dogs and for BRACHY dogs alone. Erythropoietin concentrations were significantly higher in BRACHY dogs compared to non-BRACHY dogs. Conclusions: Analytical performance of the ELISA kit was deemed acceptable. The results of this study highlight that more research is required to better elucidate the physiologic adaptations of dogs in conditions of hypobaric hypoxia or with chronic hypoxia due to BRACHY conformation. Clinical Relevance: EPO concentrations are significantly different between BRACHY and non-BRACHY dogs; however, the relationship between EPO, PaO ₂ , and Hgb in these groups remains unclear.