Mining slopes, electrical power generation dams and several big construction enterprises demands continuous inspections. The size and diversity of these structures demands high precision and portable approach. In such environments, 3D reconstruction methodologies are able to capture and analyze the real world in detail. However, the accuracy and precision can affect the ability to process and interpret the acquired data. For instance, laser scanning is a very accurate method and can deliver a higher quality result. Meanwhile, 3D photogrammetry using a single camera and Structure From Motion (SFM) have their performance correlated with the image quality. In a typical application, 3D data from reconstruction is pre-processed by a specialist. Then, it is stored for comparison and analyzed over time. The posterior analysis has several challenges associated with the reconstruction process characteristics. Several techniques have been developed to allow the comparison of point cloud captured at different epochs. Therefore, this research work presents a new methodology to perform alignment and comparison of point clouds, namely 3D-CP2, an acronym for 3D Correspondence and Point Projection. This method intends to analyze the point cloud motion to be applied in terrestrial 3D SFM reconstructions. Besides, the technique can also be used in many other related applications. The methodology developed in this work is applied in controlled experiments and real use cases to show its potential for point cloud displacements analysis. The results showed that the proposed method is efficient and can produce results more accurately than the referenced literature.

In recent years, wind power has become a more attractive alternative energy source for overcoming environmental issues. Predictive maintenance is essential for wind power devices to ensure that these systems work reliably and with sufficient availability. This paper presents a method to work around failure detection in wind turbines using the sound emitted from their components. The proposed Artificial Intelligence (AI) model is based on unsupervised learning and image processing, through which the machine learning model learns to identify spectrograms from wind turbines under healthy conditions. The reconstruction of current data determines whether the input data have an uncommon noise, which translates into a possibility of failure or an effective one. The uncommon data are sent to a specialist network, which, through supervising learning, identifies a failure event and alerts operators to possible problems that the wind turbine could pass through, helping with preventive maintenance. The model offered satisfactory results in five tested wind turbines, in which some specific faults known by the operators were captured through the low similarity between the reconstructed data and the input. Additionally, this application could be extended to similar applications in industrial machinery within the scope of audible noises in rotative machine mechanisms.

This paper presents a robust hardware system designed for future detection of faults in wind turbines by analyzing audible noise signals. Predictive maintenance strategies have increasingly relied on acoustic monitoring as a non-invasive method for identifying anomalies that may indicate component wear, misalignment, or impending mechanical failures. The proposed device captures and processes sound signals in real-time using strategically positioned microphones, ensuring high-fidelity data acquisition without interfering with turbine operation. Signal processing techniques are applied to extract relevant acoustic features, facilitating future identification of abnormal sound patterns that may indicate mechanical issues. The system’s effectiveness was validated through rigorous field tests, demonstrating its capability to enhance the reliability and efficiency of wind turbine maintenance. Experimental results showed an average transmission latency of 131.8 milliseconds, validating the system’s applicability for near real-time audible noise monitoring in wind turbines operating under limited connectivity conditions.

The reliable inspection of power transmission and distribution infrastructure is essential for ensuring energy security, operational continuity, and asset reliability. Conventional inspection procedures are labor-intensive, costly, and often expose maintenance teams to hazardous environments. In this context, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) combined with artificial intelligence have emerged as an effective solution for large-scale infrastructure monitoring. This paper presents a field-validated framework for automated inspection of power transmission and distribution assets using autonomous UAV image acquisition and deep learning analysis. The proposed approach enables multiclass detection of electrical components and anomalies in high-resolution aerial imagery, without requiring computationally intensive 3D reconstruction. The framework integrates autonomous data collection, object detection, and dedicated condition assessment models into a scalable inspection workflow. The system was validated across six transmission and distribution lines located in five Brazilian states, covering 2925 support structures and a wide range of environmental and operational conditions. Experimental results achieved an overall mAP₅₀ of 0.9572 across seven target classes, with individual scores ranging from 0.8945 for corrosion detection to 0.9935 for ceramic disc insulators. Complementary classification models achieved accuracies of 0.97 for insulator contamination assessment, 0.92 for pin attachment configuration, and 0.98 for ceramic pin integrity evaluation. The results demonstrate the feasibility of deploying Artificial Intelligence (AI)-assisted UAV inspections in real utility scenarios, providing a scalable alternative for preventive maintenance, asset management, and condition-based monitoring of electrical infrastructure.