This paper addresses the synergy between environmental and economic benefits in the green power trading market by constructing a collaborative game model for environmental rights value and electricity energy value. Based on this, a model for maximizing the benefits of flexible resource operation is proposed. Through the combination of non-cooperative and cooperative games, the conflict and synergy mechanisms of multiple stakeholders are quantified, and the Shapley value allocation rule is designed to achieve Pareto optimality. Simultaneously, considering the spatiotemporal regulation capability of flexible resources, dynamic weight adjustment, cross-period environmental rights reserve, and risk diversification strategies are proposed. Simulation results show that under the scenario of a carbon price of 50 CNY/ton (≈7.25 USD/ton) and a peak–valley electricity price difference of 0.9 CNY/kWh (≈0.13 USD/kWh), when the environmental weight coefficient α = 0.5, the total revenue reaches 6.857 × 10⁷ CNY (≈9.94 × 10⁶ USD), with environmental benefits accounting for 90%, a 15.3% reduction in carbon emission intensity, and a 1.74-fold increase in energy storage cycle utilization rate. This research provides theoretical support for green power market mechanism design and resource optimization scheduling under “dual-carbon” goals.