In recent years, digital technologies have become indispensable tools for the preservation and documentation of architectural and cultural heritage. Traditional 3D modeling methods, such as photogrammetry and laser scanning, require specialized equipment and extensive manual processing. Neural Radiance Field, an AI-based technique, enables photorealistic 3D reconstructions from a limited set of 2D images. NeRF excels in cultural heritage documentation by effectively rendering reflective and translucent surfaces, which often pose challenges to conventional methods. These approaches significantly accelerate workflows, reduce costs, and minimize manual intervention, making them ideal for inaccessible or fragile sites. The application of NeRF combined with drone-acquired high-resolution images, as demonstrated in the Katolička Porta project in Novi Sad, produces highly detailed and accurate digital replicas. This integration also supports virtual restoration and texture enhancement, enabling non-invasive exploration of conservation scenarios. Katolička Porta, a historically significant site that has evolved over centuries, benefits from these advanced digital preservation techniques, which help maintain its unique architectural and cultural identity. This integration of technologies represents the future of cultural heritage conservation, offering innovative possibilities for visualization, research, and protection.

Although industrial heritage is increasingly recognised in European discourse, it remains marginal in formal architectural curricula across the post-Yugoslav region. This study demonstrates how experiential and reflective models, tested through the Sleeping Giants project, can strengthen students’ critical awareness and professional responsibility toward dissonant industrial heritage. The findings demonstrate that field-based, collaborative, and community-oriented pedagogies facilitate a deeper contextual understanding and promote heritage protection through education. The study further argues that integrating such models into academic curricula can contribute to both the revalorisation and safeguarding of industrial heritage. The paper concludes by proposing a transferable framework for future implementation of experiential learning within architectural education.

In the late 19th century, the first industrial brick and tile production plant was established in Velika Kikinda. This marked a shift from using traditional materials such as mud and adobe to bricks in the Torontl and Bcs-Bodrog counties. The paper provides an overview of the brickmaking history in these regions, focusing on the factories of the influential Bohn brothers. It further discusses brick use in shaping industrial architecture at the beginning of the 20th century. Bricks were not only used as basic building materials but also to design and emphasize various facade elements including cornices, plinths, and pediments. The paper includes a detailed analysis of industrial complexes built in the early 20th century, such as Viktor Elek's sugar factory and Lazar Dunđerski's brewery in Veliki Bečkerek (modern-day Zrenjanin). Their facades are characterized by rhythmicity, artistic expression, harmony, and reduced decorativeness achieved through the use of facade bricks.

Rwanda’s and Serbia’s cities are under the pressure of a growing urban population, with social, political, environmental, and economic changes, technological innovations, and cultural transformations playing a primordial social development role and global ecological challenges that question existing built heritage preservation and protection. During Rwanda's early urban development phase (1980s to 2000), and during Serbia’s process of recovery and reconstruction after the Second World War, the local clay bricks were not anymore seen as the predominantly used building material. In Rwanda, although the Government, and its development partners are supporting traditional brick manufacturers to upgrade their production facilities into semi-industrial facilities to improve the quality and supply of local bricks, along with their embodied carbon coefficient reduction, the art of self-made adobe bricks for housing is increasingly practised, making them the most used construction material in Rwanda, especially in rural areas. In comparison, in the Serbian northern, autonomous province of Vojvodina, given industrialisation and rapid construction systems developed after the Second World War, adobe bricks are no longer used. That created a gap – protecting adobe brick buildings built in the last centuries requires knowledge of traditional building processes that no longer exist within communities in Serbia. The paper is based on the hypothesis that Rwanda could face the similar problem in preserving adobe-built heritage if an adequate system of preservation and transfer of traditional skills and knowledge is not established – as it is the case in Serbia. Therefore, the main goal of the research is to define guidelines for improving knowledge and skills documenting and sharing in the field of earthen architecture learning from Rwanda that could be applied in other environments. This research also forms a methodological framework for the standardisation and development of models for the preservation and transmission of traditional knowledge and skills in adobe brick heritage.