With the increasing age and traffic load of highway networks in China, preventive maintenance has become a critical strategy for extending pavement service life and improving infrastructure sustainability. However, the lack of standardized post-evaluation systems has hindered the scientific assessment of maintenance effectiveness. This study proposes a systematic post-evaluation framework for highway preventive maintenance projects based on the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP)-Inspired methodology (Applying Principles of Hazard Analysis and CCP Identification). Adopting a full life-cycle perspective, the framework identifies critical control points (CCPs) across pre-, mid-, and post-implementation phases, targeting six key dimensions: ecological and environmental hazards, resource utilization hazard, engineering safety risks, engineering quality risks, socioeconomic benefit hazards, and social living environment hazards. A multi-level evaluation indicator system is constructed using hierarchical clustering and weighted through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The framework is applied to a preventive maintenance project on the Jinghuan Expressway in Tianjin, China, demonstrating strong practical applicability. The final evaluation score of 84.1 out of 100 confirms the technical adequacy of the project while revealing areas for improvement in clean energy adoption and substructure monitoring. This framework provides a robust basis for standardizing post-evaluation practices and promoting sustainable highway maintenance management.