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At present, the ecological environment and resources of the global coastal zones are facing great pressures. Climate change leads to sea level rise, environmental change, stressful population increases and changes in demographics, all of which affect existing coastal management systems. Therefore, all coastal countries begin to increasingly attach importance to the integrated management of coastal zones. How to better adapt to current changes in global coastal zones is a question that every coastal country should think about. From sea- and land-partitioned management to land and sea coordination and from simple coastal management to the integration of the ecological environment and society, integrated management has been planned from many perspectives and levels. It plays a role in promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind.
Wei Yuan; Yen-Chiang Chang. Land and Sea Coordination: Revisiting Integrated Coastal Management in the Context of Community Interests. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8183 .
AMA StyleWei Yuan, Yen-Chiang Chang. Land and Sea Coordination: Revisiting Integrated Coastal Management in the Context of Community Interests. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8183.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei Yuan; Yen-Chiang Chang. 2021. "Land and Sea Coordination: Revisiting Integrated Coastal Management in the Context of Community Interests." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8183.
In January 2019, the People’s Armed Police set up a working group to draft the Coast Guard Law of the People’s Republic of China. The 13th National People’s Congress Standing Committee concluded its twenty-fifth session and scrutiny of this draft law, which officially entered force on 1 February 2021. The Law is divided into 11 chapters and 80 articles, including but not limited to maritime security, maritime crime investigation, use of non-firearm and weapons, and international cooperation. This article outlines and analyses the Law, as well as focusing on its implications as a matter of international law.
Chen-Hong Liu; Zhang Xu; Yen-Chiang Chang. Coast Guard Law of the People’s Republic of China and Its Implications in International Law. The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 2021, -1, 1 -13.
AMA StyleChen-Hong Liu, Zhang Xu, Yen-Chiang Chang. Coast Guard Law of the People’s Republic of China and Its Implications in International Law. The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law. 2021; -1 (aop):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen-Hong Liu; Zhang Xu; Yen-Chiang Chang. 2021. "Coast Guard Law of the People’s Republic of China and Its Implications in International Law." The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law -1, no. aop: 1-13.
With the development of the transportation network, vessels are increasingly used in the tourism business. The international cruise business requires huge investments and a clear international and domestic legal framework. Russia has unique opportunities to develop cruise tourism as a country with the world’s longest total length of coastal line (37.7 thousand kilometres). Russia intends to develop and support cruise tourism in the Arctic and increase the tourist flow to the Arctic to a certain level in order to promote socio-economic development in the region. At the same time, a rapidly evolving tourism in the Arctic brings new challenges related to the preservation of environmental safety and protection of national interests and requires comprehensive legal cover and regulation at the national level. This article deals with Russian Federation’s laws regulating sea/river cruise shipping involving an international element. It scrutinises state rules and policies on navigation in the Russian Arctic waters and relevant International Treaties of the Russian Federation, highlights the peculiarity of the cruise shipping contract in terms of Russian laws regulating the relationship arising from it, and finally, analyses the effects of Russian legislation in the field of Arctic tourism to its development. The authors attempted to summarise experts’ views on relevant Russian legislation’ shortcomings and put forward possible solutions.
Novikova Kseniia; Mehran Khan; Yen-Chiang Chang. Legal Issues Regarding Arctic Cruise Shipping in the Russian Federation. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7016 .
AMA StyleNovikova Kseniia, Mehran Khan, Yen-Chiang Chang. Legal Issues Regarding Arctic Cruise Shipping in the Russian Federation. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7016.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNovikova Kseniia; Mehran Khan; Yen-Chiang Chang. 2021. "Legal Issues Regarding Arctic Cruise Shipping in the Russian Federation." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7016.
Anthropogenic underwater noise has an adverse effect on the marine environment. Therefore, it is of essential importance to establish the problem consciousness regarding this issue and then regulate it by the application of laws. In order to achieve the aim of protecting the marine environment through solving the problem of anthropogenic underwater noise, this article will comb through the existing domestic legislation and international agreements for potential solutions. At the same time, lessons can be drawn from major developed countries in order to lay down the rules which can in turn improve the law-making procedure in dealing with anthropogenic underwater noise. In brief, restricting underwater noise is indispensable from the joint efforts of the international community. To solve the noise problem, it is deemed necessary to clarify the precautionary principle, make full use of the existing legal framework, and promote targeted law-making more effectively through different channels and mechanisms. Moreover, adopting government supervision as a necessary guarantee can also help to hit the target. Meanwhile, paying close attention to science and technology progress is also vital for solving anthropogenic underwater noise issues.
Yen-Chiang Chang; Xu Zhang. Legal Issues Concerning the Impact of Anthropogenic Underwater Noise in the Marine Environment. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4612 .
AMA StyleYen-Chiang Chang, Xu Zhang. Legal Issues Concerning the Impact of Anthropogenic Underwater Noise in the Marine Environment. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4612.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen-Chiang Chang; Xu Zhang. 2021. "Legal Issues Concerning the Impact of Anthropogenic Underwater Noise in the Marine Environment." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4612.
The 21st Century is the century of the oceans. The international political patterns are undergoing profound changes. The importance of the oceans in international politics, economies, security, science, technology and other fields, is increasing day by day. The disputes over territorial sovereignty and maritime boundary delimitation are becoming increasingly acute, which affect relationships between States. At the regional level, cooperation and competition coexist in the field of marine affairs, which is closely related to regional peace and stability. At the global level, the posturing around the new ocean rules is intensifying and the peaceful, fair and sustainable development and utilisation of the ocean is of considerable importance. On 4th December 2020, the 8th Forum on Regional Cooperation in the South China Sea--the Symposium on Construction and Governance of International and Regional Maritime Security Order, was held in Wenchang, Hainan Province. Experts from universities and research institutions gathered to discuss issues related to international and regional ocean governance.
Yue Sun; Yang Han; Liangfu Zhang; Yen-Chiang Chang. The construction and governance of regional maritime security order in the South China Sea: Conference report. Marine Policy 2021, 126, 104438 .
AMA StyleYue Sun, Yang Han, Liangfu Zhang, Yen-Chiang Chang. The construction and governance of regional maritime security order in the South China Sea: Conference report. Marine Policy. 2021; 126 ():104438.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYue Sun; Yang Han; Liangfu Zhang; Yen-Chiang Chang. 2021. "The construction and governance of regional maritime security order in the South China Sea: Conference report." Marine Policy 126, no. : 104438.
The present outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has swiftly crossed borders, and inflicted the global mental health issues. It is also affecting peoples’ daily behaviours, economics, prevention strategies and decision-making among policymakers, healthcare organisations and medical centres that may unintentionally weaken COVID-19 control strategies and lead to increased morbidity, as well as mental health care needs globally. Ultimately, this outbreak is leading to further health complications worldwide, such as stress, fear of the unknown, anger, anxiety, denial, depression symptoms, and insomnia. Notwithstanding all the resources used to counter the spread of the virus, further universal strategies are desirable to address the associated mental health problems. The present study uses the qualitative means to investigate the potential impact of COVID-19, the consequences and legal aspects, then recommend policy implications, in an attempt to cover any apparent loopholes. It presents a unique analysis of its kind on the policy and legal aspects of the ongoing pandemic, as regards mental health. It concludes that there is an acute need to prioritising the health care and curative issues, strengthen awareness and address the psychological syndromes or similar complications afflicting members of the general public during this pandemic.
Mehran Idris Khan; Hafiz Abdul Rehman Saleem; Muhammad Fahad Anwar; Yen-Chiang Chang. Novel Coronavirus and Emerging Mental Health Issues—A Timely Analysis of Potential Consequences and Legal Policies Perspective. Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2021, 14, 87 -105.
AMA StyleMehran Idris Khan, Hafiz Abdul Rehman Saleem, Muhammad Fahad Anwar, Yen-Chiang Chang. Novel Coronavirus and Emerging Mental Health Issues—A Timely Analysis of Potential Consequences and Legal Policies Perspective. Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences. 2021; 14 (1):87-105.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMehran Idris Khan; Hafiz Abdul Rehman Saleem; Muhammad Fahad Anwar; Yen-Chiang Chang. 2021. "Novel Coronavirus and Emerging Mental Health Issues—A Timely Analysis of Potential Consequences and Legal Policies Perspective." Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 14, no. 1: 87-105.
With the continuous improvement in science and technology, almost 40 years after the adoption of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, global maritime disputes continue to emerge and ocean development and governance still face many challenges. On November 5–6, 2020, in Haikou, China, the first maritime cooperation and governance forum was hosted by the National Institute for South China Sea Studies, China, convening this conference both online and offline. The conference brought together front-line staff from academia and government agencies and units, to discuss new issues in this area.
Wei Yuan; Yen-Chiang Chang. Maritime cooperation and ocean governance: Conference report. Marine Policy 2020, 125, 104388 .
AMA StyleWei Yuan, Yen-Chiang Chang. Maritime cooperation and ocean governance: Conference report. Marine Policy. 2020; 125 ():104388.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei Yuan; Yen-Chiang Chang. 2020. "Maritime cooperation and ocean governance: Conference report." Marine Policy 125, no. : 104388.
The issue of law enforcement in disputed maritime areas is highly relevant to maritime rights protection and of great interest among coastal States. This issue can cause tension among surrounding coastal States and may involve the use of force during the course of law enforcement. This paper commences by defining disputed maritime areas, and then focuses on measures that could be adopted for law enforcement. It is also important to discuss the legal basis and limitations of using force. This paper concludes by suggesting that further strengthening of the maritime law enforcement system will not only provide a legal basis for due process but also facilitate better protection of the maritime rights of coastal States.
Yen-Chiang Chang. The use of force during law enforcement in disputed maritime areas. Marine Policy 2020, 124, 104382 .
AMA StyleYen-Chiang Chang. The use of force during law enforcement in disputed maritime areas. Marine Policy. 2020; 124 ():104382.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen-Chiang Chang. 2020. "The use of force during law enforcement in disputed maritime areas." Marine Policy 124, no. : 104382.
Sustainable, efficient, and affordable energy supply embraces a strong relationship with socio-economic development, specifically in developing countries. Pakistan has been facing an energy crisis in the form of expensive electricity generation by largely depending upon fossil fuels and experiencing power shortages. This paper offers a thorough analysis of Pakistan's renewable energy (hereinafter RE) potential and current practices, in trying to meet its energy demands. There is a limited academic discussion available concerning the utilization of RE resources of Pakistan to produce cost-effective and cost-competitive energy, including the formulation of pertinent laws and policies. This study adopts qualitative means to investigate global trends and current practices in renewables, followed by concrete observations and recommendations to improve the situation in Pakistan. The objective of the study is, therefore, to establish the significance of renewables and to examine possible solutions available to the government of Pakistan in addressing its energy crisis. The study concludes by suggesting that there is an urgent need to follow the global trend in replacing conventional energy methods with the country's extensive RE resources in order to ensure sustainable economic security and growth.
Mehran Idris Khan; Imtiaz Ahmed Khan; Yen-Chiang Chang. An overview of global renewable energy trends and current practices in Pakistan—A perspective of policy implications. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 2020, 12, 056301 .
AMA StyleMehran Idris Khan, Imtiaz Ahmed Khan, Yen-Chiang Chang. An overview of global renewable energy trends and current practices in Pakistan—A perspective of policy implications. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy. 2020; 12 (5):056301.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMehran Idris Khan; Imtiaz Ahmed Khan; Yen-Chiang Chang. 2020. "An overview of global renewable energy trends and current practices in Pakistan—A perspective of policy implications." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 12, no. 5: 056301.
The natural earth environment has been facing various alterations due to anthropogenic activities even long before the industrial revolution. Economic development can no longer be achieved at the cost of the environment. Sustainable development takes and maintains appropriate environmental standards. This study sketches a thorough analysis of the current situations and likely impacts on the environment from the various infrastructural development projects under the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (hereinafter CPEC). Most of the potential outcomes of this project are already known. However, there is a limited academic discussion available concerning its environmental hazards coupled with the relevant laws and policies. The study adopts qualitative means of research to carefully investigate into the environmental challenges and current practices following by pertinent observations and recommendations to improve, implement and formulate bilateral or multilateral, environmental standards in the region. This study aims to explore why it is inevitable to revise the CPEC-related projects, such as shifting from coal-based energy projects to renewables and building climate-resilient infrastructure in order to avoid various environmental harms. The study concludes by suggesting that along with economic integration, it is also essential to promote legal cooperation between China and Pakistan concerning environmental laws as an integral part of the national geopolitical policies to make CPEC a long-lasting as well as a more safe, secure and sustainable project.
Mehran Idris Khan; Yen-Chiang Chang. Love for the climate in Sino–Pakistan economic romance: a perspective of environmental laws. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 2020, 1 -13.
AMA StyleMehran Idris Khan, Yen-Chiang Chang. Love for the climate in Sino–Pakistan economic romance: a perspective of environmental laws. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 2020; ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMehran Idris Khan; Yen-Chiang Chang. 2020. "Love for the climate in Sino–Pakistan economic romance: a perspective of environmental laws." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy , no. : 1-13.
Energy has gained great attention and extensive demand as an important element of the development of human society over the globe. As the representative of the traditional energy use, coal and oil have made a significant contribution to the economic take-off. However, their negative effects are becoming increasingly obvious simultaneously. On the one hand, the world is facing severe energy depletion crisis as the energy consumption increases. Eventually, the development and use of energy at large lead to a deteriorating environment. Facing these dual effects, States have begun to attach importance to the exploitation of renewable energy. Marine renewable energy (hereinafter MRE) has become the gateway to energy revolution based on its particular advantages. This paper pays attention to the American institutional framework and legal system for the development of MRE, along with its advantages, prerequisites, opportunities, and barriers, followed by various pertinent recommendations, as the U.S. is the leading country in this field. It is concluded that the U.S. has a comprehensive legal system for the development of MRE. However, it has to timely intersect with the opportunities and barriers in the light of the administrative or legal framework and enhance its institutional structure for the successful implementation as well as to be competitive for the attainment of required goals.
Yen-Chiang Chang; Hefei Liu; Mehran Idris Khan; Chenhong Liu. Legal system for the development of marine renewable energy in the USA: a thorough analysis. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 2020, 23, 371 -385.
AMA StyleYen-Chiang Chang, Hefei Liu, Mehran Idris Khan, Chenhong Liu. Legal system for the development of marine renewable energy in the USA: a thorough analysis. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 2020; 23 (2):371-385.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen-Chiang Chang; Hefei Liu; Mehran Idris Khan; Chenhong Liu. 2020. "Legal system for the development of marine renewable energy in the USA: a thorough analysis." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 23, no. 2: 371-385.
The China–Japan–Korea Free Trade Area and the Northeast Asia energy interconnection have great potential for further development but have some common obstacles. The negotiations for the China–Japan–Korea Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and the construction of the Northeast Asia energy interconnection can complement each other: the former provides a legal framework for the latter and the latter facilitates the former. This paper analyses the legal issues in constructing the Northeast Asia energy interconnection, in the context of the China–Japan–Korea FTA negotiations, and then proposes that based on the characteristics of energy, the legal issues can be resolved by referring to the existing provisions of international law and relevant rules, within the China–Japan–Korea FTA.
Yen-Chiang Chang; Tiantian Zhai; Shuo Li. China–Japan–Korea free trade agreement and legal issues regarding the construction of the Northeast Asia energy interconnection. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 2020, 12, 045901 .
AMA StyleYen-Chiang Chang, Tiantian Zhai, Shuo Li. China–Japan–Korea free trade agreement and legal issues regarding the construction of the Northeast Asia energy interconnection. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy. 2020; 12 (4):045901.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen-Chiang Chang; Tiantian Zhai; Shuo Li. 2020. "China–Japan–Korea free trade agreement and legal issues regarding the construction of the Northeast Asia energy interconnection." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 12, no. 4: 045901.
COVID-19 has severely impacted the global cruise tourism industry. The increasing number of confirmed cases during the quarantine period of ‘Diamond Princess’ questioned the efficiency and science behind the Japanese government's emergency management of the outbreak and led to a debate on the responsibilities of the ship's country of registry and port country. In order to deal with the spread of virus on a cruise ship rationally, the present study analyses why cruise ships are more prone to an emergent epidemic and discusses requirements of international conventions and domestic laws on cruise ship sanitation and epidemic prevention. It also evaluates the rescue responsibility of Flag State and Port State, explores the legal lacunae of international conventions on the rescue obligation of cruise home port, and provides solutions for prevention and control of cruise ship epidemic with short-term response measures and long-term mechanism construction. In terms of a short-term response, it is vital to adopt the quarantine idea of a ‘temporary cabin hospital’ and a disposal procedure of ‘circular disinfection-section repeat testing-batch transfer and quarantine-international collaborative medical treatment’. For a long-term mechanism construction, three aspects need to be considered: the risk emergency management mechanism of cruise lines, health and epidemic prevention supervision mechanisms, and international cooperation mechanisms of infectious disease prevention.
Xiaofei Liu; Yen-Chiang Chang. An emergency responding mechanism for cruise epidemic prevention—taking COVID-19 as an example. Marine Policy 2020, 119, 104093 .
AMA StyleXiaofei Liu, Yen-Chiang Chang. An emergency responding mechanism for cruise epidemic prevention—taking COVID-19 as an example. Marine Policy. 2020; 119 ():104093.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaofei Liu; Yen-Chiang Chang. 2020. "An emergency responding mechanism for cruise epidemic prevention—taking COVID-19 as an example." Marine Policy 119, no. : 104093.
The legal nature and law application of the employment salvage contract, which is not very clear in the relevant Chinese legislation, has drawn significant attention from the Chinese salvage and maritime law academia. The case of NRB vs. Archangelos fully demonstrates various issues that exist in the judicial practice, and its final judgment by the SPC shows an authoritative judicial position on such issues. Through a comprehensive analysis of the NRB vs. Archangelos and a comparative evaluation of the current academic views, this article argues that, although the employment salvage contract has indeed excluded the principle of ‘no cure, no pay’ and challenged the current Chinese salvage law system, it does not alter its legal nature as a salvage contract and the application of law to the legal policy of promoting the salvage at sea. However, this article also cautions that employment salvage reward should be paid and apportioned only when something has been actually saved.
Xintong Li; Yen-Chiang Chang. The legal status of the “employment salvage contract” in the Chinese maritime salvage law: A challenge to the principle of ‘no cure, no pay’. Marine Policy 2020, 118, 104011 .
AMA StyleXintong Li, Yen-Chiang Chang. The legal status of the “employment salvage contract” in the Chinese maritime salvage law: A challenge to the principle of ‘no cure, no pay’. Marine Policy. 2020; 118 ():104011.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXintong Li; Yen-Chiang Chang. 2020. "The legal status of the “employment salvage contract” in the Chinese maritime salvage law: A challenge to the principle of ‘no cure, no pay’." Marine Policy 118, no. : 104011.
After Arvid Pardo recommended that the seabed and subsoil beyond national jurisdiction should be regarded as Common Heritage of Mankind (hereinafter CHM), put forward the proposal of an international seabed system, the principle of CHM was perceived as the foundation of a specific marine legal regime. Later, the principle of CHM was stipulated, both in the General Assembly Resolution 2749 (XXV) and UNCLOS. However, there is no clear definition of its legal connotations. This paper analyzes the legal connotation of CHM by reviewing relevant international legal documents. In the context of the international law of the sea, the legal connotations of CHM are as follows: the subject of CHM is the aggregation of all States. Marine resources, which are seen as CHM, have the characteristics of extraterritoriality, sharing and legality. There are four main elements of CHM based on content elements considered: Firstly, no State shall claim or exercise sovereignty or sovereign rights over marine resources, which are seen as CHM, nor shall any State or natural or juridical person appropriate any part thereof. Secondly, it must be used for the benefit of all mankind, taking into account the interests and needs of developing States in particular. Thirdly, it must be used exclusively for peaceful purposes. Fourthly, take into account the protection of the marine environment and the sustainable use of marine resources. With the modification and refinement of the Area system, the connotations of CHM have been evolving. The principle of CHM can provide theoretical basis for some marine management approaches which is of significance for current and future international law-making and can lay the foundation for new regimes of international law of the sea in the future.
Chuanliang Wang; Yen-Chiang Chang. A new interpretation of the common heritage of mankind in the context of the international law of the sea. Ocean & Coastal Management 2020, 191, 105191 .
AMA StyleChuanliang Wang, Yen-Chiang Chang. A new interpretation of the common heritage of mankind in the context of the international law of the sea. Ocean & Coastal Management. 2020; 191 ():105191.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChuanliang Wang; Yen-Chiang Chang. 2020. "A new interpretation of the common heritage of mankind in the context of the international law of the sea." Ocean & Coastal Management 191, no. : 105191.
Great achievements have been achieved in exploring mineral resources in China since recent decades, which have significantly contributed to the climate change on the other hand. Environmental laws perhaps at par values to govern and administer the ecological environment protection in the exploration of natural resource such as marine mineral resources. China has developed various laws and policies to administer its extensive economic growth coupled with the utilisation of marine mineral resources. This study adopts both qualitative and quantitative means for data collection and content analysis of current legal developments in this regards. Therefore, the study aims to discuss practices and contributions China has made concerning the exploitation of marine mineral resources and the protection of the marine environment. The focus then turns to the adaptation of Chinese laws regarding the exploitation of marine mineral resources in its continental shelf and the Area. To this end, some lessons can be learned from other State practices such as Germany and the Czech Republic. The paper concludes by suggesting that China should actively participate in the mineral resources development and ecological environmental protection works to improve laws governing the ecological environment protection obligations on Chinese and foreign enterprises, in order to provide a legal basis for the ecological environment protection of China's maritime areas.
Yen-Chiang Chang; Chuanliang Wang; Mehran Idris Khan; Nannan Wang. The legal system for environmental protection during exploration and exploitation of marine mineral resources in China. Resources Policy 2020, 67, 101670 .
AMA StyleYen-Chiang Chang, Chuanliang Wang, Mehran Idris Khan, Nannan Wang. The legal system for environmental protection during exploration and exploitation of marine mineral resources in China. Resources Policy. 2020; 67 ():101670.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen-Chiang Chang; Chuanliang Wang; Mehran Idris Khan; Nannan Wang. 2020. "The legal system for environmental protection during exploration and exploitation of marine mineral resources in China." Resources Policy 67, no. : 101670.
Tsung-Han Tai; Shuo Li; Yen-Chiang Chang. Trends and Challenges in Maritime Energy Management, Aykut I. Ölçer, Momoko Kitada, Dimitrios Dalaklis, Fabio Ballini (Eds.), Springer Nature (2018), p. 534, Twenty-six chapters, ISBN: 978-3-319-74575-6. Energy 2020, 197, 117223 .
AMA StyleTsung-Han Tai, Shuo Li, Yen-Chiang Chang. Trends and Challenges in Maritime Energy Management, Aykut I. Ölçer, Momoko Kitada, Dimitrios Dalaklis, Fabio Ballini (Eds.), Springer Nature (2018), p. 534, Twenty-six chapters, ISBN: 978-3-319-74575-6. Energy. 2020; 197 ():117223.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTsung-Han Tai; Shuo Li; Yen-Chiang Chang. 2020. "Trends and Challenges in Maritime Energy Management, Aykut I. Ölçer, Momoko Kitada, Dimitrios Dalaklis, Fabio Ballini (Eds.), Springer Nature (2018), p. 534, Twenty-six chapters, ISBN: 978-3-319-74575-6." Energy 197, no. : 117223.
‘An Ocean Community with A Shared Future’ is an idea that was proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping in April 2019. This is a political proposal which needs further interpretation: what is its legal basis; what are its main contents; how can this proposal be implemented? In light of these questions, this forum studies related theoretical and practical issues. The proposal of, ‘An Ocean Community with a Shared Future’ provides a new idea for the construction of a global ocean governance system. The international community, including China, should accelerate the process of building consensus and build a sense of, ‘An Ocean Community with a Shared Future’, working together to address challenges, as well as initiating more practical and mutually beneficial cooperation, in order to achieve resilient common development. This conference report summarises the core issues discussed during the conference, which should encourage a better understanding of the essence of the meeting.
Weibin Zhang; Yen-Chiang Chang; Liangfu Zhang. An ocean community with a shared future: Conference report. Marine Policy 2020, 116, 103888 .
AMA StyleWeibin Zhang, Yen-Chiang Chang, Liangfu Zhang. An ocean community with a shared future: Conference report. Marine Policy. 2020; 116 ():103888.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeibin Zhang; Yen-Chiang Chang; Liangfu Zhang. 2020. "An ocean community with a shared future: Conference report." Marine Policy 116, no. : 103888.
Unmanned maritime vehicles have broad application in both military and civilian aspects. The legal status this concept, however, is still unclear, thus making them a controversial and ‘sensitive area’. Defining the international legal status of unmanned maritime vehicles is a prerequisite to their protection and regulation. Based on an analysis of the international legal status that regulates different types of unmanned maritime vehicle, this paper discusses the legal implications of the craft in different situations, from the perspective of the law of the sea. The paper concludes by suggesting that, coastal States should promote the principle of safeguarding national security and interests, as well taking cognisance of existing international conventions, such as the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the 1972 International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, plus related domestic laws and regulations, in order to deal appropriately with foreign unmanned maritime vehicles.
Yen-Chiang Chang; Chao Zhang; Nannan Wang. The international legal status of the unmanned maritime vehicles. Marine Policy 2020, 113, 103830 .
AMA StyleYen-Chiang Chang, Chao Zhang, Nannan Wang. The international legal status of the unmanned maritime vehicles. Marine Policy. 2020; 113 ():103830.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen-Chiang Chang; Chao Zhang; Nannan Wang. 2020. "The international legal status of the unmanned maritime vehicles." Marine Policy 113, no. : 103830.
With the continuous improvement of science and technology, the law of armed conflict at sea, with the core of the Geneva Convention and its protocols, is also facing new challenges on the 70th anniversary of its adoption. In September 2019, the Dalian Maritime University and the Grandview Institution, China, co-organised the, ‘Current Situation and Challenges in the Law of Armed Conflict at Sea Conference’. The conference brought together front-line staff from academia and government agencies and units, to discuss new issues in this area. This conference report organises and provides the details of the key issues discussed during the conference, which it is hoped will strengthen and lead to better understand the connotations of this meeting.
Yen-Chiang Chang; Hefei Liu; Yue Sun. Current Situation and Challenges in the law of armed conflict at sea: Conference report. Marine Policy 2019, 113, 103779 .
AMA StyleYen-Chiang Chang, Hefei Liu, Yue Sun. Current Situation and Challenges in the law of armed conflict at sea: Conference report. Marine Policy. 2019; 113 ():103779.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen-Chiang Chang; Hefei Liu; Yue Sun. 2019. "Current Situation and Challenges in the law of armed conflict at sea: Conference report." Marine Policy 113, no. : 103779.