As cities grow faster and food systems grow more fragile, architects and planners are increasingly challenged to design spaces that not only house people but also support environmental and social well-being. This study investigates how vertical farming can be integrated into residential building facades in Egypt as a strategy to promote local food production and sustainable design. Focusing on a government housing project in Port Said, three façade-based design options were developed and assessed through structured surveys targeting two stakeholder groups: experts and residents. This research revealed a strong interest and awareness across both samples. While users prioritized benefits such as esthetics, air quality, and the ease of use, experts emphasized feasibility concerns, maintenance needs, and policy barriers. Both groups favored the second design option as the most balanced and applicable solution. By foregrounding stakeholder input, this study fills a gap in the existing literature on building-integrated agriculture and provides design and policy recommendations grounded in the local context. It advocates for inclusive design thinking, where technical viability and community values are considered together. While limited to single case and visual assessment methods, this research offers a foundation for further applied studies and broader sustainable design frameworks.

Recently, 3D printing has emerged as a groundbreaking fabrication technology, enabling the precise fabrication of complex structures directly from digital models. Despite its potential, integrating 3D printing into architectural design and construction practices remains a significant challenge, establishing a digital construction culture worldwide. Accordingly, this paper aims to evaluate the feasibility of integrating 3D printing into practical construction applications through a comparative analysis of the production sequence of a large-scale structure fabricated using 3D printing and the same structure constructed using conventional construction methods. The study adopts an integrated digital workflow beginning with biomimicry as a form-finding approach, focusing on five common organisms in Port Said, Egypt. Then, the AI platform Midjourney is used as a form-finding tool to transform bio-inspired patterns into initial design proposals. Subsequently, these designs are developed into parametric models using Rhino/Grasshopper, followed by structural integrity and environmental performance simulations to identify the optimal design. Finally, two construction scenarios are simulated for the selected design: Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing with Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and conventional construction methods with reinforced concrete. These methods are compared using a unified set of criteria, including design and functionality, time and cost considerations, sustainability and environmental impact, and quality control. The findings indicate that 3D printing, under controlled fabrication conditions, enables the fabrication of complex, large-scale, lightweight, free-form geometries with high geometric resolution compared to conventional construction methods. It also significantly reduces production time, material waste, and labor, ensures efficient assembly and disassembly, while achieving high-quality surface finishes.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) plays a vital role in sustainable development by evaluating potential environmental impacts. Municipal solid waste (MSW) constitute a significant environmental challenge, presenting serious environmental, economic, and social effects that influence global environmental balance. Given the global general agreement on the necessity of EIAs for such projects, as reflected in various legal and regulatory frameworks, this research digs into the EIA of the MSW management system in Port Said Governorate, Egypt. The study proposed a comprehensive approach to sustainable waste management. A sustainable and integrated solid waste management (S-ISWM) system involves three primary stages: First, Quantifying MSW: Analyzing statistical data on population, commercial, industrial, and service establishments. Second, Evaluating MSW Management System Efficiency: Assessing the existing systems environmental, health, social, and economic impacts. Third, Exploring Technical Alternatives: Investigating potential technical for the integrated MSW management system in Port Said. The research concludes by offering recommendations to mitigate environmental impacts, the priority is minimizing consumption and waste, and then recycling (maximizing the use of produced elements), with a focus on sustainable architectural and construction elements in recycling to preserve resources and recover energy., considering advanced alternatives, and promoting public participation. This contributes to an effective EIA system in Egypt, particularly in Port Said, while safeguarding the environment and natural resources for present and future generations.