In order for automatic microinjection to serve biomedical and genetic research, we have designed and manufactured a PDMS-based sensor with a circular section channel using the microwire molding technique. For the very precise control of microfluidic transport, we developed a microfluidic pulse width modulation system (MPWM) for automatic microinjections at a picoliter level. By adding a computer-aided detection and tracking of fluid-specific elements in the microfluidic circuit, the PDMS microchannel sensor became the basic element in the automatic control of the microinjection sensor. With the PDMS microinjection sensor, we precise measured microfluidic volumes under visual detection, assisted by very precise computer equipment (with precision below 1 μm) based on image processing. The calibration of the MPWM system was performed to increase the reproducibility of the results and to detect and measure microfluidic volumes. The novel PDMS-based sensor system for MPWM measurements of microfluidic volumes contributes to the advancement of intelligent control methods and techniques, which could lead to new developments in the design, control, and in applications of real-time intelligent sensor system control.

This paper presents experimental research on the relationship between the magnetic properties and the viscosity of ferrofluid based on ultra-pure magnetite nanoparticles, with the aim of studying behaviour through a microchannel. The magnetite nanoparticles have been obtained by chemical coprecipitation. Some examination methods, such as X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer, have been used to characterize the magnetite nanoparticles. The variation on the viscosity in the magnetic field of ferrofluids based on superparamagnetic magnetite has parabolic allure and in the absence of the magnetic field has a linear allure. The colloidal stability of the ferrofluids was evaluated using zeta potential measurements. Also, the behaviour of ferrofluids in a microchannel made inside the transparent polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix was observed under a digital microscope.

This paper presents the results of thermodynamic analysis applied to flat plate solar panels, incorporating both simulation studies and real system measurements in comparison. As solar thermal panels play a crucial role in sustainable energy solutions, analysis is essential for providing a detailed and accurate performance assessment. Thermodynamic tools like energy and exergy analyses can be used to evaluate and enhance the performance of solar thermal generation systems. Their usage can help identify the components and processes with the greatest potential for improvement, mainly in the design or exploitation phase. Exergetic analysis, in particular, reveals the true extent of losses, as demonstrated by energy and exergy analyses of various thermal power plants with different capacities. Exergy analysis provides a more accurate performance evaluation and is a valuable method for assessing and comparing potential configurations of these systems.

This paper analyzes the thermodynamic performance of solar thermal heat input in HVACR (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration) systems for large office and laboratory buildings. As energy demands rise, solar-assisted HVACR systems provide a sustainable solution to enhance energy efficiency. The study focuses on a configuration with two 500 L puffer tanks connected to a 3000 L Thermal Energy Storage System (TESS), utilizing direct integration during the cold season and indirect integration via an adsorption chiller in the hot season. Dynamic simulations assess key performance indicators, including solar fraction and overall system efficiency, under varying solar radiation and building load profiles. Results highlight the potential for significant energy savings and improved climate control in large-scale buildings, emphasizing the critical role of thermal energy storage in optimizing system performance throughout the year. The research conducted on the experimental platform at Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology (ICSTM) has identified the regimes and scenarios in which this approach can be considered both economically and technically viable.