Due to the anatomical and functional complexity of the region, craniofacial tumor removal requires some of the most challenging surgical approaches, often complemented with advanced chemo-radiotherapy techniques. However, these modern therapies often lead to sequelae that can drastically reduce the quality of life for the surviving patients. Recent advances in the field of regenerative medicine opened new avenues for craniofacial reconstruction following head and neck cancer treatment. One of the most promising recent strategies relies on the use of autologous fat transplant. In this mini review, we briefly present some of the fat’s biological properties that make it an ideal tissue for craniofacial reconstruction following cancer treatment. We then outline the recent advances that led to a better understanding of the detailed anatomy of the craniofacial fat depots. Furthermore, we provide a succinct review of the methods used for fat harvesting, processing and engrafting in the craniofacial area after head and neck tumor removal, discussing their main applications, advantages and limitations.

Background: Naso-orbito-ethmoido-maxillary (NOEM) fractures are usually the result of a high or moderate intensity impact to the upper midface. These types of fractures are difficult to treat and are frequently misdiagnosed. Craniometric analysis can be of real aid in the treatment of NOEM complex fractures by establishing midfacial proportions. Aim: This study aims to establish the distances between selected anthropometric points and midfacial proportions found in the adult Caucasian population and to determine if any differences exist between genders. Methodology: Measurements between anthropometric points, nasion (N), dacryon (D), infraorbital foramen (IOF), frontomalare orbitale (FMO), rhinion (Rhi) and porion (Po), were made on 3D models obtained using patients’ CT exams. Results: Significant differences were found between genders for the orbital dimensions represented by N–FMO (p = 0.000), N–IOF (p = 0.000), Rhi–FMO (p = 0.000), Rhi–IOF (p = 0.000), nose bridge width N–D (p = 0.001), Rhi–D (p = 0.016), D–D (p = 0.038) and the projection of the nose evaluated by Rhi–Po (p = 0.000), N–Po (p = 0.000), while a t-test showed that there are no significant differences between males and females for the N–Rhi (p = 0.254). Conclusions: The values of these measurements can be utilized during skeletal reconstruction after NOEM fractures, especially for bilateral comminuted fractures where no points of comparison are available.

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) represents a severe complication associated with bisphosphonate therapy commonly used in patients with osteoporosis and malignancies. This retrospective study evaluates the risk factors and clinical outcomes of BRONJ patients treated at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic in Iaşi, Romania, with the goal of optimizing preventive and therapeutic strategies. Data from 72 BRONJ patients treated between January 2013 and December 2023 were analyzed. The majority (83.3%) of patients had underlying malignancies, predominantly breast and prostate cancers. The mandible was most affected, with tooth extraction identified as the primary triggering event. Systemic comorbidities, notably arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and concurrent chemotherapy, were significantly associated with increased BRONJ severity. Surgical intervention was frequently required, with sequestrectomy being the predominant procedure, reflecting advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. The findings underline the critical importance of early identification, preventive dental management, and a collaborative multidisciplinary approach to improve patient prognosis.