Latar belakang: Malondialdehida (MDA) merupakan petanda stres oksidatif yang merupakan produk akhir dari reaksi berantai proksidasi lipid. Untuk mencegah stres oksidatif, tubuh mensintesis katalase, suatu enzim antioksidan endogen yang mengkatalisis hidrogen peroksida (H2O2) menjadi air dan oksigen. Sampai saat ini kadar MDA dan katalase pada populasi usia lanjut (usila) masih memberikan hasil yang bervariasi dan kadar tersebut pada kelompok usia yang berbeda dalam populasi usila belum pernah dilaporkan. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil kadar MDA dan aktivitas spesifik katalase pada plasma populasi usila berdasarkan peningkatan usia. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 60 subjek wanita usila sehat yang tinggal di Jakarta. Subjek dibagi dalam 2 kelompok berdasarkan kategori usia, kelompok yang lebih muda (60 – 70 tahun) dan kelompok yang lebih tua (> 70 tahun). Kadar MDA dan aktivitas spesifik katalase dianalisis pada plasma dengan spektrofotometer. Hasil: Kadar MDA pada kelompok yang lebih muda (60 – 70 tahun) sedikit lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok yang lebih tua (> 70 tahun) namun tidak bermakna secara statistik. Selain itu, akitivitas spesifik katalase pada kelompok yang lebih muda lebih rendah bermakna dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang lebih tua. Kesimpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna kadar MDA plasma pada populasi usila. Namun, aktivitas spesifik katalase meningkat bermakna seiring dengan pertambahan usia. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2019;10(2):132-6) Kata kunci: Malondialdehida, katalase, wanita usila Abstract Background: Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a marker of oxidative stress as an end product from the chain reaction of lipid peroxidation. In order to prevent oxidative stress, our body synthesizes catalase, an endogenous antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into water and oxygen. Until now, the level of MDA and catalase in aging population were still varied and those level at different age in elderly population has not been yet reported. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse the profile of MDA level and catalase specific activity in plasma of elderly women based on increasing age. Methods: This research used 60 healthy elderly women as the subjects living in Jakarta. The subjects were divided into 2 groups based on age category, the younger group (60 – 70 years old) and the older group (>70 years old). MDA and specific activity of catalase were analyzed in plasma using spectrophotometer. Results: MDA level in the younger group (60-70 years old) was slightly higher than MDA levels in the older group (>70 years old) but it was not significant. Moreover, specific activity of catalase in the younger group was significantly lower than the older group. Conclusions: There was no difference in MDA level of elderly woman between younger and older group. However, catalase specific activity significantly increased with increasing age. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2019;10(2):132-6) Keywords: Malondialdehyde, Catalase, elderly woman

Background: Oxidative stress is defined as the condition in which balance between the synthesis and detoxification of reactive oxygen species in cells is disrupted. This research explored the effects of intermittent and prolonged fasting on malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl, reduced glutathione (GSH), and specific activity of catalase as biomarkers for oxidative stress in ...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting approximately 55 million individuals globally. Diagnosis typically occurs in advanced stages, and there are limited options for reversing symptoms. Preventive strategies are, therefore, crucial. Time Restricted Eating (TRE) or Time Restricted Feeding (TRF) is one such strategy. Here we review recent research on AD and TRE/TRF in addition to AD biomarkers and gut microbiota. A comprehensive review of recent studies was conducted to assess the impact of TRE/TRF on AD-related outcomes. This includes the analysis of how TRE/TRF influences circadian rhythms, beta-amyloid 42 (Aß42), pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, and gut microbiota composition. TRE/TRF impacts circadian rhythms and can influence cognitive performance as observed in AD. It lowers beta-amyloid 42 deposition in the brain, a key AD biomarker, and reduces pro-ininflammatory cytokines. The gut microbiome has emerged as a modifiable factor in AD treatment. TRE/TRF changes the structure and composition of the gut microbiota, leading to increased diversity and a decrease in harmful bacteria. These findings underscore the potential of TRE/TRF as a preventive strategy for AD. By reducing Aß42 plaques, modulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, and altering gut microbiota composition, TRE/TRF may slow the progression of AD. Further research is needed to confirm these effects and to understand the mechanisms involved. This review highlights TRE/TRF as a promising non-pharmacological intervention in the fight against AD.

A glioma, especially a grade IV glioblastoma, is a malignant tumour with a poor prognosis despite growing medical advancements. Researchers have been looking for better and more effective treatments targeting the molecular pathways of gliomas due to glioblastomas' ability to develop resistance to chemotherapies. Moreover, glioma stem cells (GSC) contribute to maintaining the glioma population, which benefits from its ability to self-renew and differentiate. Recent research has reported that through the introduction of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSC) into glioma cells, the growth and development of the glioma cells can be downregulated. It has more currently been found out that UCMSC release extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing miRNA that are responsible for this phenomenon. Therefore, this review analyses literature to discuss all possible miRNAs contained within the UCMSC's EVs and to elaborate on their molecular mechanisms in halting gliomas and GSC growth. This review will also include the challenges and limitations, to account for which more in vivo research is suggested. In conclusion, this review highlights how miRNAs contained within UCMSC's EVs are able to downregulate multiple prominent pathways in the survival of gliomas.

In this study, the potential neuroprotective ability of coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum L.) ethanolic extract (CSES) as a neuroprotectant agent in the brains of high-fat diet-induced obese rats was analyzed. The study investigated how CSES impacts oxidative stress markers (i.e., malondialdehyde/MDA, glutathione/GSH and catalase), inflammation marker (i.e., Interleukin-6/IL-6), cellular senescence markers (i.e., senescence-associated β-galactoside/SA-β-Gal activity and p16), brain damage marker (i.e., Neuron-specific Enolase/NSE), and neurogenesis markers (i.e., mature Brain-derived Neurotropic Factor/BDNF, pro-BDNF, and mature/pro-BDNF ratio). Male adult Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet and given CSES once daily, at 100 mg/kg body weight, for 12 weeks. CSES significantly reduced MDA concentration (p = < 0.001), SA-β-Gal activity (p = 0.010), and increased GSH concentration (p = 0.047) in the brain of obese rats; however, the decrease of IL-6, NSE, and p16 as well as the increase of catalase specific activity and BDNF expression were not significant. Moreover, the mature/pro-BDNF ratio was significantly higher in the brains of non-obese rats, both given the control diet and the high-fat diet compared to the control. Our results suggest that obese rats benefited from consuming CSES, showing improved oxidative stress levels, reduced cellular senescence and increased endogenous antioxidants, making CSES a potential neuroprotective agent.

Aging is a multifactorial degenerative process that can be modulated by fasting through activation of the Fork-head transcription factor of the O class 3 (FOXO3), which plays an important role in increasing lifespans. However, the effects of different fasting durations on the expression of FOXO3 in the liver has not yet been reported. This study analyzed the effects of different fasting durations on the FOXO3 expression and its pathway by measuring sirtuin1 (SIRT1), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the liver. New Zealand white rabbits were used to mimic the effects of fasting on humans. The rabbits were divided into the control, intermittent fasting (IF), and prolonged fasting (PF) groups. Both fasting groups were interspersed with the non-fasting phase for 8 h. This treatment was conducted for 6 days. On Day 7, all the rabbits were sacrificed, and their livers were taken to measure the FOXO3 and SIRT1 mRNA expressions, the IGF-1 protein level, and the SOD activity level. ANOVA, multiple comparison, and Pearson's correlation were performed for statistical analysis. The FOXO3 and SIRT1 mRNA expressions were significantly higher in the IF group than in the control group. The FOXO3 expression was also 2.5 times higher in the IF group than in the PF group. There was a positive correlation between the FOXO3 and SIRT1 mRNA expressions. The IGF-1 protein level was significantly lower in the IF and PF groups than in the control group. The SOD-specific activity level was significantly higher in the IF group than in the control and PF groups. Intermittent fasting significantly increased the FOXO3 and SIRT1 mRNA expressions and the SOD activity level in the livers of the rabbits and significantly decreased the circulating and hepatic IGF-1. Therefore, intermittent fasting may give a protective intervention effect towards aging.