Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) rely on battery sensor data and communication. It is crucial to evaluate the trustworthiness of battery sensor and communication data in (BESS) since inaccurate battery data caused by sensor faults, communication failures, and even cyber-attacks can not only impose serious damages to BESSs, but also threaten the overall reliability of BESS-based applications (e.g., electric vehicles (EVs), power grids). This paper proposes a battery data trust framework that enables detect and classify false battery sensor data and communication data by using a deep learning algorithm. The proposed convolutional neural network (CNN)-based false battery data detection and classification (FBD ² C) model could potentially improve safety and reliability of the BESSs. The proposed algorithm is validated by simulation and experimental results.

Recently, the module integrated converter and differential power processing (DPP) architecture were introduced to enable the photovoltaic (PV) power conditioning system to maintain the optimal operating condition of PV cells, such as maximum power point tracking (MPPT), even under partial shading conditions. However, the DPP architecture was found to have more room to optimize the performance of the systems, by the application of an extra extremum-seeking control, the so-called least power point tracking (LPPT) method that was introduced last year. The main idea is that most of the power from the PV modules is processed through the main-string high-efficiency nonisolation converter, and only a minimal fraction of the power that changes depending on the PV-string current is transferred through the low-efficiency bidirectional isolated DPP converters. This paper suggests a second version of the LPPT method, called unit-minimum power-distributing LPPT, which improves the first version of LPPT, called total-minimum centralized power-distributing LPPT. Instead of minimizing the total power of DPPs, the proposed LPPT minimizes the power of the DPP converter unit, which is the largest among them. Then, the system size and cost can be reduced by the proposed LPPT method, which enables the multiple DPP converters to have smaller power capacity and losses than those of the previous LPPT method. The real-time extremum-seeking algorithm employs a perturb-and-observe method, which comes from the conventional MPPT one, while the optimization process directs minimal extremity, not maximal. The peak system efficiency achieved with a 400-W prototype DPP system employing the LPPT algorithm is 96.7%.

An isolated single sourced multi-output dc/dc converter with a high-frequency link was proposed before to feed different cells of the Asymmetrical Cascaded H-bridge inverter. One of the ACHB fundamental advantages is that the main H-bridge is commutated with fundamental frequency, passing the majority of the inverter power. However, the isolated DC/DC converter needs to be connected to the main voltage source with high-voltage/high-frequency switches, which limits the power capability and the efficiency. In this paper, a switching pattern based on nearest level modulation method is proposed to command all the power to be transferred through the main H-bridge. Therefore, the power circulates between the auxiliary H-bridges with no need for high voltage switches. As a result, the auxiliary converter is needed with only 5% of the power rating. This solution improves cost, size, and the efficiency. Furthermore, the architecture makes the inverter more suitable for high power, high voltage applications. The inverter switching strategy is based on programmable firing angles. The grid connected inverter main dc-link is controlled to achieve maximum power point tracking, while the isolated converter is controlled to regulate the auxiliary DC-links. The proposed topology was verified by simulation and experimental results through around 1.5-kW hardware prototype.

In this paper, a novel DHB power-decoupling control scheme without current sensor is proposed for single-phase inverters. As electrolyte capacitors are conventionally used; however, these capacitors limit ripple current capability and circuit reliability. Film capacitors improve the ripple current capability, size reduction, and circuit reliability. Conventionally, non-isolated topologies are used for power decoupling. The volume of the decoupling capacitor per unit energy in isolated bidirectional power decoupling topologies is reduced as compared to nonisolated due to unrestricted voltage across the decoupling capacitor. Voltage-fed Phase-Shift Dual Half-Bridge (DHB) is preferred with film capacitors as it has the least number of components in isolated bidirectional topologies. However, in DHB, power decoupling controller is a challenge as current control is conventionally required. The challenge has been overcome with novel current-sensorless dc link ripple rejection control. The controller has the advantage of current-sensorless configuration especially when it needs information from inverter phase-lock-loop (PLL). The proposed power decoupling control scheme is independent of the inverter control and universal. A new dynamic analysis has been carried out by taking into account the input-voltage dynamics. The advantage of the DHB is that it has single pole behavior and, hence, sufficient bandwidth can be obtained. Simulations and experiments have been performed to verify the analysis of the power decoupling control scheme and the capability of film-capacitor DHB for power decoupling.

This paper presents a generalized power decoupling control scheme using multiport isolated bidirectional converters for multilevel inverter which has multiple DC-links. A single power decoupling capacitor is needed for all the DC-links. A prototype of power decoupling concept of individual H-bridge cell is proposed, using separate power decoupling circuits. Then, more advanced power decoupling method is proposed. The lifetime and reliability of the multilevel inverter is improved as film capacitors replace the electrolyte capacitors. Multi-input ports/single output voltage-fed dual half bridge converter (MDHB) is used for the power decoupling. Proposed MDHB employs a current-sensorless power decoupling control which contributes to the ripple rejection for all the DC-links without individual link-current information. Hence, the ripple-rejection controller is independent of the control configuration of the multilevel inverter, and also available for universal applications of the inverter topologies. Since the primary-input ports of MDHB shares a single magnetic core for interfacing the ripple power to the unified secondary ripple capacitor, the controller design becomes difficult in considering the dynamic interaction among the ports along with the average voltage-control loop design. In this paper, the dynamic analysis and controller design procedure of the circuit are also presented.

This paper proposes a new individually regulated multiple-output Wireless-Power-Transfer (WPT) system using single pulse width modulation (PWM) and a single multi-output transformer. The proposed system mainly consists of a single primary transmission channel, band-pass filters corresponding to each output, and a digital controller unit. The digital controller generates a single PWM signal comprising an array of distinct frequency components reserved for each output of the multi-output converter. The primary transmission channel includes a high-frequency inverter circuit and a primary transmission coil. When the inverter circuit is driven by the PWM signal, all the underlying frequency components are transmitted through the inverter circuit and the primary transmission coil. Each of these frequency components is separated at the receiver side coil by the resonant band-pass filter connected to each of the outputs. Because the central frequencies of each band pass filter differ from each other, each filter allows only signals, which are within their frequency band. Each output voltage of the multiple-output converter is regulated by modulating the frequency and amplitude of the frequency components corresponding to each output (or the band-pass filter) inside the digital controller. Compared with all the other resonant topologies, the series-series resonance topology is efficient and facilitates applications involving loosely-coupled wireless power transfer. However, the Q factor of the series-series resonance topology is relatively low compared with the remaining resonance topologies. The interaction between each of the outputs increases as the Q factor of the band-pass filter decreases, which results in load regulation failure. The proposed multiple-output WPT system uses an efficient AM-FM hybrid control technique to regulate all the outputs independent of each other. Moreover, in order to analyze and design the proposed converter controller, an accurate and simple multiple-output wireless transformer model is proposed. The transformer model and analysis of the equivalent circuit presented in the paper simplify the conventional design of the power stage and generate a small converter signal. The technical challenges, feasibility and the advantages of the proposed converter concept are discussed. Finally, the performance of the proposed multiple resonance-based wireless converter system has been validated using a 100 W hardware test of an independently controlled four-output resonant converter system.