Introducción: El tamizaje de los Trastornos del Espectro Autista (TEA) mediante el Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers - Revised with Follow Up (M-CHAT-R/F) aumenta la detección precoz, posibilitando intervenciones tempranas y mejorando el pronóstico. Este instrumento es parte del algoritmo de manejo ante la sospecha de TEA en diversas guías clínicas. El objetivo fue realizar la validación concurrente, discriminante y el análisis de confiabilidad del M-CHAT-R/F en una población chilena.Pacientes y Método: Esta es la segunda etapa de la adaptación transcultural, de diseño transversal. Se aplicó M-CHAT-R/F a una muestra de 20 niños con sospecha de TEA y 100 niños de control sano seleccionados al azar, de 16-30 meses de edad. Se aplicó Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2), considerado como referencia, a los 20 pacientes de la muestra clínica, a 20 niños de la muestra de control sano y a aquellos casos de la muestra de control sano con M-CHAT-R/F positivo. Se calculó alfa de Cronbach, análisis de correlación de M-CHAT-R/F y ADOS-2 y sensibilidad y especificidad.Resultados: En el grupo de control sano, M-CHAT-R/F resultó alterado en 2 pacientes, siendo uno positivo y otro negativo para TEA con ADOS-2. En muestra clínica el M-CHAT-R/F fue positivo en todos, con test de ADOS-2 negativo en 3 casos. La confiabilidad Alfa del M-CHATR/F fue =0,889, la sensibilidad y especificidad discriminante de 100 y 98% y la concurrente 100% y 87,5% respectivamente.Conclusión: M-CHAT-R/F en su versión chilena resultó fiable, sensible y específico de manera similar al original, lo cual abre la posibilidad de su utilización en población clínica y para investigación. La validación es un proceso continuo que se debe profundizar.

Andes virus (ANDV) is the leading cause of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in South America, a severe zoonosis with high mortality. Advances in critical care and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) have significantly improved survival rates; however, data on recovery beyond survival remain limited. This multicenter cohort study enrolled laboratory-confirmed HCPS survivors in Chile between 2021 and 2024, with follow-up at 3–6 months post-symptom onset to assess physical and neuropsychological sequelae. Participants were stratified by ECMO requirement and the clinical severity of HCPS, and evaluated using self-reported recovery, standardized symptom questionnaires, and EQ-5D quality-of-life instruments. Among 21 survivors (11 ECMO, 10 non-ECMO), 61.9% reported incomplete recovery. While 60–70% of patients received general medical follow-up, only 30% of non-ECMO patients—compared to all ECMO patients—had contact with a rehabilitation provider. Motor dysfunction and palpitations were more frequent in ECMO survivors; however, Jaccard index analysis revealed clustering of physical and neuropsychological symptoms across both groups. EQ-5D assessments showed comparable quality-of-life impairment, though non-ECMO survivors more often reported pain/discomfort (90.0% vs. 63.6%) and higher rates of analgesic self-medication. These findings highlight the burden of persistent symptoms after HCPS and the need for multidisciplinary post-discharge care in endemic regions.

Early child development is a population determinant of physical, mental and social health. To know the base line situation prior to the implementation of "Chile grows with you'' (Chile Crece Contigo) is key to its evaluation. Objective: To compare early child development and associated factors at baseline in pre-school children from public and private health sectors. Patients and method: The sample consisted of 1045 children aged 30-58 months, 52% male, and 671 from the public and 380 from the private sector of the metropolitan region in Chile were evaluated using Battelle Developmental Inventory-1 and a household interview of primary carer. Results: Abnormal child development was found in 14.4% of children in the private sector compared to 30.4% in the public sector. There were no differences in adaptive area (26.3% vs 29.2%), but there were statistically significant differents in cognitive (8.8% vs 12.1%), social-personal (13.2% vs 32.5%), motor (19.2% vs 35.3%), and communication (19% vs 36.8%) development. The logistic regression showed that, independent of socioeconomic level, the risk factors are: Apgar < 7 (OR: 5.4; 95% CI: 1.24-23.84); having childhood chronic diseases (OR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.11-1.42). Protective factor is: home with resources to learn and play (OR: 0.8; 95% CI: 0.76-0.89). Conclusion: These results are another input about early child development situation and its importance for paediatric social policy. (C) 2016 Sociedad Chilena de Pediatria. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.

Como Centro de Bioética, y con el apoyo de académicos de la Facultad de Medicina de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, planteamos algunos principios y valores que consideramos importante resguardar en la toma de decisiones del equipo médico en el contexto antes descrito. Este documento busca aportar una mirada ética —y no exclusivamente técnica— para esbozar un marco general que apoye a los equipos de salud en la toma de decisiones en estas condiciones excepcionales de gran desequilibrio entre las necesidades y los recursos disponibles.

Introduction: The dysregulation profile (DP) is a relevant clinical entity in the children and adolescent area since its association with future psychopathology. DP is defined by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), combining internalizing symptoms (anxiety/depression) and externalizing ones (aggressiveness, attention problems). Objectives: To study the frequency of CBCL-DP in a sample of Chilean preschoolers. Patients and Method: A sociodemographic survey and CBCL 1.5-5 was applied to caregivers of children aged 30 to 48 months in a national representative sample of public health system users. Frequency was estimated using the Kim et al. method and an explanatory model was made using binary logistic regression of DP using the child, caregiver, and contextual variables. Results: The sample size was n = 1,429 preschool children and their caregivers. The frequency of DP was 11.6% (95% 0 9.9-13.5%). The variables that allow to classify DP in 88.6% of cases were: current depressive symptoms in the main caregiver (OR: 2.24; 95% CI 1.37-3.67); number of stressful events experienced by the main caregiver (p = 0.005); number of available elements for child development stimulation in the home (p = 0.001); number of chronic diseases of the child (p = 0.006). Conclusions: DP has a high frequency in preschoolers, which implies a relevant mental health burden. This finding points to the need for interventions in this area and also longitudinal monitoring of this subgroup.

Palabras clave: Preescolar; Depresión del Cuidador; CBCL