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Green infrastructure practices could provide innovative solutions for on-site stormwater management and runoff pollution control, which could relieve the stress of nonpoint pollution resulting from heavy rainfall events. In this study, the performance and cost-effectiveness of six green infrastructure practices, namely, green roofs, rain gardens, pervious surfaces, swales, detention basins, and constructed wetlands, were investigated. The comprehensive performance evaluation in terms of the engineering performance, environmental impact, and economic cost was determined in the proposed engineering–environmental–economic (3E) triangle model. The results revealed that these green infrastructure practices were effective for stormwater management in terms of runoff attenuation, peak flow reduction and delay, and pollutant attenuation. It was suggested that for pollution control, detention basins can efficiently reduce the total suspended solids, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and lead. The implementation of detention basins is highly recommended due to their higher engineering performance and lower environmental impact and economic cost. A case study of a preliminary cost–benefit analysis of green infrastructure practice exemplified by the Pearl River Delta in China was addressed. It suggested that green infrastructure was cost-effective in stormwater management in this area, which would be helpful for sustaining healthy urban watersheds.
Yi-Jia Xing; Tse-Lun Chen; Meng-Yao Gao; Si-Lu Pei; Wei-Bin Pan; Pen-Chi Chiang. Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of Green Infrastructure Practices for Urban Watersheds Using an Engineering–Environmental–Economic (3E) Model. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4678 .
AMA StyleYi-Jia Xing, Tse-Lun Chen, Meng-Yao Gao, Si-Lu Pei, Wei-Bin Pan, Pen-Chi Chiang. Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of Green Infrastructure Practices for Urban Watersheds Using an Engineering–Environmental–Economic (3E) Model. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4678.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYi-Jia Xing; Tse-Lun Chen; Meng-Yao Gao; Si-Lu Pei; Wei-Bin Pan; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2021. "Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of Green Infrastructure Practices for Urban Watersheds Using an Engineering–Environmental–Economic (3E) Model." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4678.
Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA) has been regulated as a hazardous waste that needs to treat with stabilization, solidification and landfill due to its amount of heavy metals, chlorides, sulfates and dioxin. While the proper treated MSWI-FA can be utilized as pozzolanic material to reduce the usage of Portland cement. The present article aims to develop an integrated wet-extraction and carbonation process for MSWI-FA stabilization, solidification and utilization via the high-gravity technology. A benchtop experiment demonstrated the dechlorination and CO2 sequestration of MSWI-FA and the carbonated product was applied as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in the cement mortar. Physical, chemical and thermal characteristics of raw, wet-extracted, and carbonated MSWI-FA were addressed in terms of the mean diameter, micropore area, micropore volume, chemical compositions, mineralogy and morphology. The effects of the liquid-to-solid ratio and high gravity factor were evaluated. Overall, a chloride extraction ratio of 36.35% and a CO2 capture capacity of 258.5 g-CO2 kg-FA-1 were achieved in the batch experiment. The results of water-energy consumption of chloride removal and CO2 fixation provided a novel insight into the future process criterion. In addition, the carbonated FA was found as binder to partially substitute Portland cement due to its large content of calcium carbonate. The workability and mechanical strength of cement mortar with partial substitution of stabilized FA were evaluated to determine the potential FA utilization pathway. Finally, the continuous process tests determined the key operation indexes for future process scale-up.
Tse-Lun Chen; Yi-Hung Chen; Ming-Yen Dai; Pen-Chi Chiang. Stabilization-solidification-utilization of MSWI fly ash coupling CO2 mineralization using a high-gravity rotating packed bed. Waste Management 2021, 121, 412 -421.
AMA StyleTse-Lun Chen, Yi-Hung Chen, Ming-Yen Dai, Pen-Chi Chiang. Stabilization-solidification-utilization of MSWI fly ash coupling CO2 mineralization using a high-gravity rotating packed bed. Waste Management. 2021; 121 ():412-421.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTse-Lun Chen; Yi-Hung Chen; Ming-Yen Dai; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2021. "Stabilization-solidification-utilization of MSWI fly ash coupling CO2 mineralization using a high-gravity rotating packed bed." Waste Management 121, no. : 412-421.
Ca2+ leaching and carbonation kinetics associated with liquid side mass transfer for CO2 mineralization of alkaline solid wastes in a RPB were determined.
Tse-Lun Chen; Si-Lu Pei; Pen-Chi Chiang. Integrated leaching–carbonation kinetic model on CO2 mineralization of alkaline solid wastes in a high-gravity rotating packed bed. Reaction Chemistry & Engineering 2020, 5, 1 .
AMA StyleTse-Lun Chen, Si-Lu Pei, Pen-Chi Chiang. Integrated leaching–carbonation kinetic model on CO2 mineralization of alkaline solid wastes in a high-gravity rotating packed bed. Reaction Chemistry & Engineering. 2020; 5 (10):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTse-Lun Chen; Si-Lu Pei; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2020. "Integrated leaching–carbonation kinetic model on CO2 mineralization of alkaline solid wastes in a high-gravity rotating packed bed." Reaction Chemistry & Engineering 5, no. 10: 1.
The high-gravity rotating packed bed (HiGee RPB) developed here can simultaneously remove multiple air pollutants using alkaline solution, thus achieving the flue gas deep purification. The electric-arc-furnace reduction slag (EAFRS) leachate was then used as the alkaline absorbent in HiGee RPB for assessing the removal efficiencies of nitrogen oxide (NOx), carbon dioxide (CO2) and particulate matters (PM) from flue gas. The results indicated the changes to the CO2 capture was enhanced by increasing the initial PH value of the alkaline solution. In contrast, this value has no significant influence on NOx removal. The suitable NOx removal efficiency ranged from 90.9% to 97.09% at the liquid-to-gas (L/G) ratio of 0.01 and high gravity factor of 58.9 to 368. The precipitated calcium carbonate gained from carbonation via HiGee process exhibited similar physical properties to commercial products. In addition, 95.9% of PM removal efficiency was achieved at the L/G ratio and high gravity factor of 0.03 and 235.4, respectively. This treatment furthermore demonstrated a high efficiency for PM collection of over 90% and balanced the energy consumption. Based on the result, an Aspen simulation and a preliminary cost-benefit analysis were carried out to develop a mass-balance model for this system and determine the favorable operating conditions.
Tse-Lun Chen; Yi-Xuan Xiong; Yi-Hung Chen; Pen-Chi Chiang; Yen-Hau Chen. Performance evaluation and process simulation for synergetic removal of NOx, CO2 and PM using green alkaline solution in a high-gravity rotating packed bed. Fuel 2020, 280, 118643 .
AMA StyleTse-Lun Chen, Yi-Xuan Xiong, Yi-Hung Chen, Pen-Chi Chiang, Yen-Hau Chen. Performance evaluation and process simulation for synergetic removal of NOx, CO2 and PM using green alkaline solution in a high-gravity rotating packed bed. Fuel. 2020; 280 ():118643.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTse-Lun Chen; Yi-Xuan Xiong; Yi-Hung Chen; Pen-Chi Chiang; Yen-Hau Chen. 2020. "Performance evaluation and process simulation for synergetic removal of NOx, CO2 and PM using green alkaline solution in a high-gravity rotating packed bed." Fuel 280, no. : 118643.
Identifying and quantifying source contributions of pollutant emissions are crucial for an effective control strategy to break through the bottleneck in reducing ambient PM2.5 levels over the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China. In this study, an innovative response surface modeling technique with differential method (RSM-DM) has been developed and applied to investigate the PM2.5 contributions from multiple regions, sectors, and pollutants over the PRD region in 2015. The new differential method, with the ability to reproduce the nonlinear response surface of PM2.5 to precursor emissions by dissecting the emission changes into a series of small intervals, has shown to overcome the issue of the traditional brute force method in overestimating the accumulative contribution of precursor emissions to PM2.5. The results of this case study showed that PM2.5 in the PRD region was generally dominated by local emission sources (39–64%). Among the contributions of PM2.5 from various sectors and pollutants, the primary PM2.5 emissions from fugitive dust source contributed most (25–42%) to PM2.5 levels. The contributions of agriculture NH3 emissions (6–13%) could also play a significant role compared to other sectoral precursor emissions. Among the NOX sectors, the emissions control of stationary combustion source could be most effective in reducing PM2.5 levels over the PRD region.
Yuzhou Pan; Yun Zhu; Jicheng Jang; Shuxiao Wang; Jia Xing; Pen-Chi Chiang; Xuetao Zhao; Zhiqiang You; Yingzhi Yuan. Source and sectoral contribution analysis of PM2.5 based on efficient response surface modeling technique over Pearl River Delta Region of China. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 737, 139655 .
AMA StyleYuzhou Pan, Yun Zhu, Jicheng Jang, Shuxiao Wang, Jia Xing, Pen-Chi Chiang, Xuetao Zhao, Zhiqiang You, Yingzhi Yuan. Source and sectoral contribution analysis of PM2.5 based on efficient response surface modeling technique over Pearl River Delta Region of China. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 737 ():139655.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuzhou Pan; Yun Zhu; Jicheng Jang; Shuxiao Wang; Jia Xing; Pen-Chi Chiang; Xuetao Zhao; Zhiqiang You; Yingzhi Yuan. 2020. "Source and sectoral contribution analysis of PM2.5 based on efficient response surface modeling technique over Pearl River Delta Region of China." Science of The Total Environment 737, no. : 139655.
A scientifically sound integrated assessment modeling (IAM) system capable of providing optimized cost-benefit analysis is essential in effective air quality management and control strategy development. Yet scenario optimization for large-scale applications is limited by the computational expense of optimization over many control factors. In this study, a multi-pollutant cost-benefit optimization system based on a genetic algorithm (GA) in machine learning has been developed to provide cost-effective air quality control strategies for large-scale applications (e.g., solution spaces of ~1035). The method was demonstrated by providing optimal cost-benefit control pathways to attain air quality goals for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) over the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China. The GA was found to be >99% more efficient than the commonly used grid searching method while providing the same combination of optimized multi-pollutant control strategies. The GA method can therefore address air quality management problems that are intractable using the grid searching method. The annual attainment goals for PM2.5 (< 35 μg m−3) and O3 (< 80 ppb) can be achieved simultaneously over the PRD region and surrounding areas by reducing NOx (22%), volatile organic compounds (VOCs, 12%), and primary PM (30%) emissions. However, to attain stricter PM2.5 goals, SO2 reductions (> 9%) are needed as well. The estimated benefit-to-cost ratio of the optimal control strategy reached 17.7 in our application, demonstrating the value of multi-pollutant control for cost-effective air quality management in the PRD region.
Jinying Huang; Yun Zhu; James Kelly; Carey Jang; Shuxiao Wang; Jia Xing; Pen-Chi Chiang; Shaojia Fan; Xuetao Zhao; Lian Yu. Large-scale optimization of multi-pollutant control strategies in the Pearl River Delta region of China using a genetic algorithm in machine learning. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 722, 137701 .
AMA StyleJinying Huang, Yun Zhu, James Kelly, Carey Jang, Shuxiao Wang, Jia Xing, Pen-Chi Chiang, Shaojia Fan, Xuetao Zhao, Lian Yu. Large-scale optimization of multi-pollutant control strategies in the Pearl River Delta region of China using a genetic algorithm in machine learning. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 722 ():137701.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJinying Huang; Yun Zhu; James Kelly; Carey Jang; Shuxiao Wang; Jia Xing; Pen-Chi Chiang; Shaojia Fan; Xuetao Zhao; Lian Yu. 2020. "Large-scale optimization of multi-pollutant control strategies in the Pearl River Delta region of China using a genetic algorithm in machine learning." Science of The Total Environment 722, no. : 137701.
In order to intensify the gas-liquid absorption processes in the field of energy and environment, high-gravity rotating packed bed (HiGee RPB) has been successfully applied in the multiple air pollutants abatement and CO2 capture by mineralization. Since the mass transfer and chemical reaction through gas-liquid absorption were found to be the key factors affecting acid gas removal, a mass transfer model based on the two-film theory for simultaneous removal of NOx-SO2-CO2 in an RPB was developed in this study. The mass transfer parameters including overall gas-phase mass transfer coefficient (KGa), height of a transfer unit (HTU), liquid mass transfer rate (kL) and enhancement factor (E) were theoretically determined from the experimental data. The effect of key dimensionless operating factors such as high gravity factor (β), gas-to-liquid ratio (GLR), and liquid-to-solid ratio (LSR) on mass transfer parameters were evaluated. Based on the results obtained in this study, the enhancement of high gravity filed on mass transfer and removal efficiencies of NOx and CO2 were significantly higher than that of SO2. It was inferred that the carbonation reaction could compensate the removal efficiency of acid gaseous pollutants at the lower mass transfer rate. The relationship between mass transfer rate and energy consumption for the multiple air pollutant control via a HiGee process was established. The favorable operating factors for NOx-SO2-CO2 simultaneous removal in an RPB were suggested as β of 233.8, GLR of 69.5 and LSR of 40.
Tse-Lun Chen; Yi-Hung Chen; Pen-Chi Chiang. Enhanced performance on simultaneous removal of NOx-SO2-CO2 using a high-gravity rotating packed bed and alkaline wastes towards green process intensification. Chemical Engineering Journal 2020, 393, 124678 .
AMA StyleTse-Lun Chen, Yi-Hung Chen, Pen-Chi Chiang. Enhanced performance on simultaneous removal of NOx-SO2-CO2 using a high-gravity rotating packed bed and alkaline wastes towards green process intensification. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2020; 393 ():124678.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTse-Lun Chen; Yi-Hung Chen; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2020. "Enhanced performance on simultaneous removal of NOx-SO2-CO2 using a high-gravity rotating packed bed and alkaline wastes towards green process intensification." Chemical Engineering Journal 393, no. : 124678.
The air pollutant emission related to the anthropogenic activities affecting the environment and human health was a critical problem. Fine or ultrafine particulate matters were the major air pollutant from the industries. Thus, the high-gravity technology has holistically been applied to the integrated air pollution control due to its advances of low land demand, high mass transfer rate, low economic cost and easy operation and maintenance. In this study, the fine particle removal using a co-current flow rotating packed bed (CF-RPB) was evaluated along with different key parameters, including high gravity factor and liquid-to-gas (L/G) ratio. The obtained results suggested that CF-RPB could improve the particle removal efficiency up to 99.75 % which was increased as the high gravity factor and L/G ratio increased. In this study, a theoretical model was developed to describe that the particle size of 0.1 μm accounted for the major concentration. Furthermore, the environmental benefit of different particle control technologies was evaluated using environmental cost accounting. The results indicated that the application of CF-RPB for particle emissions control performed greater economic feasibility than Venturi scrubber and baghouse filter. CF-RPB could also be applied to the particulate and gaseous air pollutants removal, which has more advances than the electrostatic precipitator.
Kai-Yu Lin; Tse-Lun Chen; Yi-Hung Chen; Pen-Chi Chiang. Performance evaluation and environmental benefit assessment of fine particle removal using a co-current flow rotating packed bed. Process Safety and Environmental Protection 2020, 137, 73 -81.
AMA StyleKai-Yu Lin, Tse-Lun Chen, Yi-Hung Chen, Pen-Chi Chiang. Performance evaluation and environmental benefit assessment of fine particle removal using a co-current flow rotating packed bed. Process Safety and Environmental Protection. 2020; 137 ():73-81.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKai-Yu Lin; Tse-Lun Chen; Yi-Hung Chen; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2020. "Performance evaluation and environmental benefit assessment of fine particle removal using a co-current flow rotating packed bed." Process Safety and Environmental Protection 137, no. : 73-81.
Urban mining that uses an electronic waste recycling process is an emerging industry that is used to recover several high-value precious metals to reduce natural degradation and depletion. To obtain these precious metals more effectively, integrated circuit (IC) chips are pretreated using a carbonization process. In this study, the gold stripping efficiency for various types of IC chips was evaluated. To reduce the carried fine particle emitted from the exhaust gas of the carbonization process, a high-gravity rotating packed bed (HiGee RPB) generating micro-mixing the gas and liquid phases under a centrifugal force was applied. The performance in terms of particle removal efficiency under different high-gravity factor and gas-to-liquid ratio was determined. The result indicated that a pyrolysis temperature of 800 °C gives the maximum gold stripping efficiency of 99.8% and a minimum particle concentration of 23 mg m−3. The particle removal efficiency increased as the high-gravity factor and liquid flow rate increased. An empirical model is used to describe the particle collection mechanism based on the experiment data and control variables. The mechanism includes Brownian diffusion, inertial impaction and interception, which affect the removal efficiency for different particle sizes. Finally, the process was optimized in terms of the removal efficiency and the energy consumption using a response surface model. A minimum level of energy consumption with a particle emission concentration of 16.9 mg m−3 is necessary for the IC chip carbonization process.
Gia-Han Huynh; Tse-Lun Chen; Ching-Hsiang Hsu; Yi-Hung Chen; Pen-Chi Chiang. Process integration of E-waste carbonization and High-gravity rotating packed bed for optimal gold recovery and the fine particles reduction. Separation and Purification Technology 2020, 241, 116686 .
AMA StyleGia-Han Huynh, Tse-Lun Chen, Ching-Hsiang Hsu, Yi-Hung Chen, Pen-Chi Chiang. Process integration of E-waste carbonization and High-gravity rotating packed bed for optimal gold recovery and the fine particles reduction. Separation and Purification Technology. 2020; 241 ():116686.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGia-Han Huynh; Tse-Lun Chen; Ching-Hsiang Hsu; Yi-Hung Chen; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2020. "Process integration of E-waste carbonization and High-gravity rotating packed bed for optimal gold recovery and the fine particles reduction." Separation and Purification Technology 241, no. : 116686.
Green chemistry principles (GCP) are comprehensively deployed in industrial management, governmental policy, educational practice, and technology development around the world. Circular economy always aims to balance the economic growth, resource sustainability, and environmental protection. This article offers a highlight on issues of significance within GCP and circular economy, and proposes the integrated strategies for GCP implementation from the aspects of governance, industry and education. At first, we developed a new categorizing system for GCP dividing to (i) pollution and accident prevention, (ii) safety and resource sustainability, and (iii) energy and resource sustainability. To assess the GCP practice towards the circular economy, the implementation of international movement of GCP in worldwide policy, especially those of Canada, China, Germany, Japan, South Korea, Sweden, Taiwan, United States and United Kingdom were reviewed. The policy implementation of GCP practices among governance, industries and education was analyzed. To integrate GCP into the circular economy concept, we also proposed five strategies of priority governance direction as follows: (i) establishment of cross-departmental collaboration, (ii) development of cleaner production and green product, (iii) provision of integrated chemical management system, (iv) implementation of green chemistry education program, and (v) construction of a business model. Finally, we discussed the prospects of disciplinary elements including the establishment of redesign-reduction-recovery-recycle-reuse (5R) practices for wastes reclamation, deployment of water-energy-food nexus with GCP to improve the food security and resource sustainability, and implementation of GCP in the green smart industrial park.
Tse-Lun Chen; Hyunook Kim; Shu-Yuan Pan; Po-Chih Tseng; Yi-Pin Lin; Pen-Chi Chiang. Implementation of green chemistry principles in circular economy system towards sustainable development goals: Challenges and perspectives. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 716, 136998 .
AMA StyleTse-Lun Chen, Hyunook Kim, Shu-Yuan Pan, Po-Chih Tseng, Yi-Pin Lin, Pen-Chi Chiang. Implementation of green chemistry principles in circular economy system towards sustainable development goals: Challenges and perspectives. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 716 ():136998.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTse-Lun Chen; Hyunook Kim; Shu-Yuan Pan; Po-Chih Tseng; Yi-Pin Lin; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2020. "Implementation of green chemistry principles in circular economy system towards sustainable development goals: Challenges and perspectives." Science of The Total Environment 716, no. : 136998.
An integrated reclaimed process of refining slag with calcium-containing wastewater for CO2 mineralization and utilization by using a high-gravity carbonation process was proposed in this study. The effect of various liquid agents on calcium ion leaching behavior from the refining slag was determined and the mass-loss method was used to evaluate the leaching kinetics. The influence of different high gravity factor and liquid-to-solid ratio on carbonation conversions were investigated and the reaction kinetics were identified via surface coverage model. The efficacy of refining slag utilized as supplementary cementitious materials including workability and mechanical strength was assessed. The morphological, mineralogical and thermal analyses were carried out and the results revealed the presence of calcite to support the carbonation theory. The results of maximal CO2 capture capacity of 0.183 g CO2 per g slag and performance of carbonated slag utilization with 5% and 10% substitution ratio confirmed the feasibility of the integrated reclaimed process.
Tse-Lun Chen; Wen Jiang; Ai-Lin Shen; Yi-Hung Chen; Shu-Yuan Pan; Pen-Chi Chiang. CO2 Mineralization and Utilization Using Various Calcium-Containing Wastewater and Refining Slag via a High-Gravity Carbonation Process. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2020, 59, 7140 -7150.
AMA StyleTse-Lun Chen, Wen Jiang, Ai-Lin Shen, Yi-Hung Chen, Shu-Yuan Pan, Pen-Chi Chiang. CO2 Mineralization and Utilization Using Various Calcium-Containing Wastewater and Refining Slag via a High-Gravity Carbonation Process. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2020; 59 (15):7140-7150.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTse-Lun Chen; Wen Jiang; Ai-Lin Shen; Yi-Hung Chen; Shu-Yuan Pan; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2020. "CO2 Mineralization and Utilization Using Various Calcium-Containing Wastewater and Refining Slag via a High-Gravity Carbonation Process." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 59, no. 15: 7140-7150.
The international journal of Aerosol and Air Quality Research (AAQR) covers all aspects of aerosol science and technology, atmospheric science and air quality related issues.
Xiaoni He; Merrisa Lin; Tse-Lun Chen; Bowei Liu; Po-Chih Tseng; Wenzhi Cao; Pen-Chi Chiang. Implementation Plan for Low-carbon Resilient City towards Sustainable Development Goals: Challenges and Perspectives. Aerosol and Air Quality Research 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleXiaoni He, Merrisa Lin, Tse-Lun Chen, Bowei Liu, Po-Chih Tseng, Wenzhi Cao, Pen-Chi Chiang. Implementation Plan for Low-carbon Resilient City towards Sustainable Development Goals: Challenges and Perspectives. Aerosol and Air Quality Research. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaoni He; Merrisa Lin; Tse-Lun Chen; Bowei Liu; Po-Chih Tseng; Wenzhi Cao; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2020. "Implementation Plan for Low-carbon Resilient City towards Sustainable Development Goals: Challenges and Perspectives." Aerosol and Air Quality Research , no. : 1.
A collaborative system of carboxymethyl cellulose stabilized nanosized zero-valent iron (CMC-nFe0) and microorganisms was set up to enhance the stabilization of Cr(VI) in soil. In comparison with an aqueous-bound Cr(VI) removal of 18.9% in the nFe0 system, a higher Cr(VI) removal of 68.9% was achieved in the nFe0 and microorganisms system after 14 d remediation because the microorganisms on the nFe0 surface promoted nFe0 corrosion and enhanced abiotic and biotic Cr(VI) stabilization by generating highly active minerals such as magnetite, lepidocrocite and green rust on the nFe0 surface. As a stabilizing agent for nFe0 and an organic substrate for microorganisms, CMC on the nFe0 surface not only enhanced the dispersion of nFe0, but also boosted the activity of microorganisms, resulting in a promotion of 0.9 and 0.5 times higher aqueous-bound Cr(VI) removal via the improvement of nFe0 and microorganisms respectively, thus a total 4 times higher aqueous-bound Cr(VI) removal of 95.3% was achieved in the CMC-nFe0 and microorganisms system as compared to the nFe0 system. After 14 d remediation, easily available species of Cr(VI) and Crtotal, such as water soluble (WS), exchangeable (EX) and bounded to carbonates (CB), were mainly transformed to less available Fe–Mn oxides-bounded (OX) and residual (RS) species because of the production of ferrochrome precipitates (CrxFe1-xOOH or CrxFe1-x(OH)3). Besides, the stabilization of Cr(VI) in the CMC-nFe0 and microorganisms system was pH-dependent and it increased with CMC-nFe0 dosage. Due to excellent Cr(VI) stabilization and Cr immobilization, coupled CMC-nFe0 and anaerobic microorganisms process is of great potential in remediating Cr(VI)-containing soil.
Mei Su; Weizhao Yin; Li Liu; Ping Li; Zhanqiang Fang; Yili Fang; Penchi Chiang; Jinhua Wu. Enhanced Cr(VI) stabilization in soil by carboxymethyl cellulose-stabilized nanosized Fe0 (CMC-nFe0) and mixed anaerobic microorganisms. Journal of Environmental Management 2019, 257, 109951 .
AMA StyleMei Su, Weizhao Yin, Li Liu, Ping Li, Zhanqiang Fang, Yili Fang, Penchi Chiang, Jinhua Wu. Enhanced Cr(VI) stabilization in soil by carboxymethyl cellulose-stabilized nanosized Fe0 (CMC-nFe0) and mixed anaerobic microorganisms. Journal of Environmental Management. 2019; 257 ():109951.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMei Su; Weizhao Yin; Li Liu; Ping Li; Zhanqiang Fang; Yili Fang; Penchi Chiang; Jinhua Wu. 2019. "Enhanced Cr(VI) stabilization in soil by carboxymethyl cellulose-stabilized nanosized Fe0 (CMC-nFe0) and mixed anaerobic microorganisms." Journal of Environmental Management 257, no. : 109951.
In this study, a high-gravity (HiGee) process incorporating CO2 and NOx reduction from flue gas in a petrochemical plant coupled with petroleum coke fly ash (PCFA) treatment was established. The performance of HiGee was systematically evaluated from the engineering, environmental, economic, and energy aspects (a total of 15 key performance indicators) to establish the air pollution, energy efficiency, waste utilization nexus. The engineering performance was evaluated that lower energy consumption of 78 kWh/t-CO2 can be achieved at a capture capacity of 600 kg CO2/t-PCFA. A net emission reduction of 327.3 kg-CO2/t-PCFA could be determined based on six environmental impact indicators. A cost-benefit analysis was conducted using operating cost, product sale, carbon credit, and savings in air pollution fees to present a better technological selection compared to existing carbon capture and storage plants. The waste heat recovery from the flue gas via the HiGee process could be measured via moisture condensation and attendant elimination of white smog emissions. Retrofitted heat recovery and energy intensity up to 131.8 kJ/t-PCFA and 0.21 kWh/t-PCFA were assessed. Finally, a comprehensive analysis of the HiGee process based on three daily load scenarios of CO2 capture scale were conducted, suggesting an optimal operating condition of the HiGee for generating profitability.
Tse-Lun Chen; Si-Lu Pei; Shu-Yuan Pan; Chia-Yii Yu; Chen-Lu Chang; Pen-Chi Chiang. An engineering-environmental-economic-energy assessment for integrated air pollutants reduction, CO2 capture and utilization exemplified by the high-gravity process. Journal of Environmental Management 2019, 255, 109870 .
AMA StyleTse-Lun Chen, Si-Lu Pei, Shu-Yuan Pan, Chia-Yii Yu, Chen-Lu Chang, Pen-Chi Chiang. An engineering-environmental-economic-energy assessment for integrated air pollutants reduction, CO2 capture and utilization exemplified by the high-gravity process. Journal of Environmental Management. 2019; 255 ():109870.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTse-Lun Chen; Si-Lu Pei; Shu-Yuan Pan; Chia-Yii Yu; Chen-Lu Chang; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2019. "An engineering-environmental-economic-energy assessment for integrated air pollutants reduction, CO2 capture and utilization exemplified by the high-gravity process." Journal of Environmental Management 255, no. : 109870.
A high-gravity rotating packed bed (HiGee RPB) is very efficient at removing pollution because it exerts a strong high centrifugal and allows tiny droplets to form, which allows the control of gaseous and particulate air pollution. In this study, fine particles that are removed from integrated circuit (IC) chip carbonization process using a RPB are evaluated under different high gravity factors and liquid-to-gas ratios. The greatest number of particles captured per energy consumption is 17.77 mg kWh−1 in a RPB. This allow greater energy efficiency for the HiGee technology prevents an air-energy nexus. The maximum available particle removal efficiency for a RPB is determined using a response surface model (RSM). 99.5% of particles are removed at a high gravity factor of 262 and a liquid-to-gas ratio of 0.24. A semi-theoretical model is developed to determine the particle removal efficiency individually in packing and cavity zones of the RPB. More particles are removed in a cavity zone than in the packing zone as the high gravity factor increases. An empirical model shows that the particle removal efficiency depends on the operating factors. Finally, a comparison analysis of particulate matter treatment in various types of RPB is used to validate the performance in terms of particle removal using high-gravity technology for different industries.
Tse-Lun Chen; Tzu-Hao Huang; Ching-Hsiang Hsu; Yi-Hung Chen; Shu-Yuan Pan; Pen-Chi Chiang. Removal of fine particles from IC chip carbonization process in a rotating packed bed: Modeling and assessment. Chemosphere 2019, 238, 124600 .
AMA StyleTse-Lun Chen, Tzu-Hao Huang, Ching-Hsiang Hsu, Yi-Hung Chen, Shu-Yuan Pan, Pen-Chi Chiang. Removal of fine particles from IC chip carbonization process in a rotating packed bed: Modeling and assessment. Chemosphere. 2019; 238 ():124600.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTse-Lun Chen; Tzu-Hao Huang; Ching-Hsiang Hsu; Yi-Hung Chen; Shu-Yuan Pan; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2019. "Removal of fine particles from IC chip carbonization process in a rotating packed bed: Modeling and assessment." Chemosphere 238, no. : 124600.
In Taiwan, a significant amount of greenhouse gas emissions occur as a result of anthropogenic activities and rapid urbanization. In order to comply with the ‘Greenhouse Gas Reduction and Management Act’ and the “Nationally Determined Contribution” to abide by Paris Agreement, the Taiwanese Environmental Protection Administration has devised a framework for a carbon offset mechanism before a cap and trade scheme is introduced. This paper gives a snapshot of the Taiwanese context in implementing offset projects using a combination of a strengths-weaknesses-opportunities-threats (SWOT) analysis and multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) for the development of domestic carbon offset projects. An analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and a technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) are used for quantitative analysis to identify the most feasible strategic alternatives in the SWOT matrix. A comparison analysis is conducted to compare the framework and governance of the Taiwanese carbon offset mechanism to a clean development mechanism (CDM). The results show that the weaknesses identify a potential alternative and the strengths and opportunities significantly overcome the threat. Therefore, the priority strategies include the establishment of an integrated authority, the development of more governmental agencies and an improvement in the economy. Finally, a sound cap and trade scheme, stakeholder involvement, public-private-people partnerships and goals that allow sustainable development are proposed.
Tse-Lun Chen; Hui-Min Hsu; Shu-Yuan Pan; Pen-Chi Chiang. Advances and challenges of implementing carbon offset mechanism for a low carbon economy: The Taiwanese experience. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 239, 117860 .
AMA StyleTse-Lun Chen, Hui-Min Hsu, Shu-Yuan Pan, Pen-Chi Chiang. Advances and challenges of implementing carbon offset mechanism for a low carbon economy: The Taiwanese experience. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 239 ():117860.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTse-Lun Chen; Hui-Min Hsu; Shu-Yuan Pan; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2019. "Advances and challenges of implementing carbon offset mechanism for a low carbon economy: The Taiwanese experience." Journal of Cleaner Production 239, no. : 117860.
In this study, a proposed integrated high-gravity technology for air pollution control, CO2 capture, and alkaline waste utilization was comprehensively evaluated from engineering, environmental, and economic perspectives. After high-gravity technology and coal fly ash (CFA) leaching processes were integrated, flue gas air emissions removal (e.g., sulfate dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), total suspended particulates (TSP)) and CO2 capture were studied. The CFA, which contains calcium oxide and thus, had high alkalinity, was used as an absorbent in removing air pollution residues. To elucidate the availability of technology for pilot-scale high-gravity processes, the engineering performance, environmental impact, and economic cost were simultaneously investigated. The results indicated that the maximal CO2, SO2, NOx, and TSP removal efficiencies of 96.3 ± 2.1%, 99.4 ± 0.3%, 95.9 ± 2.1%, and 83.4 ± 2.6% were respectively achieved. Moreover, a 112 kWh/t-CO2 energy consumption for a high-gravity process was evaluated, with capture capacities of 510 kg CO2 and 0.468 kg NOx per day. In addition, the fresh, water-treated, acid-treated, and carbonated CFA was utilized as supplementary cementitious materials in the blended cement mortar. The workability, durability, and compressive strength of 5% carbonated CFA blended into cement mortar showed superior performance, i.e., 53 MPa ±2.5 MPa at 56 days. Furthermore, a higher engineering performance with a lower environmental impact and lower economic cost could potentially be evaluated to determine the best available operating condition of the high-gravity process for air pollution reduction, CO2 capture, and waste utilization.
Tse-Lun Chen; Yun-Ke Fang; Si-Lu Pei; Shu-Yuan Pan; Yi-Hung Chen; Pen-Chi Chiang. Development and deployment of integrated air pollution control, CO2 capture and product utilization via a high-gravity process: comprehensive performance evaluation. Environmental Pollution 2019, 252, 1464 -1475.
AMA StyleTse-Lun Chen, Yun-Ke Fang, Si-Lu Pei, Shu-Yuan Pan, Yi-Hung Chen, Pen-Chi Chiang. Development and deployment of integrated air pollution control, CO2 capture and product utilization via a high-gravity process: comprehensive performance evaluation. Environmental Pollution. 2019; 252 ():1464-1475.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTse-Lun Chen; Yun-Ke Fang; Si-Lu Pei; Shu-Yuan Pan; Yi-Hung Chen; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2019. "Development and deployment of integrated air pollution control, CO2 capture and product utilization via a high-gravity process: comprehensive performance evaluation." Environmental Pollution 252, no. : 1464-1475.
Bioretention systems have been found to be potential candidates for the removal of various pollutants/nutrients from rainfall or stormwater runoff. Despite bioretention has been widely developed for the removal of nutrients from stormwater, effective removal of both phosphorus and nitrogen is still a challenge. Hence, in this study, bioretention systems modified by alkaline solid waste media have been reported for the effective removal of nutrients. Six different types of solid wastes were first assessed using leaching and adsorption tests, and then the bottom ash from a refuse incineration plant was selected as a modifier. The bottom ash was mixed with soil to form a special media as the filter layer in the bioretention systems. The nutrient removal efficiencies of the modified bioretention systems were evaluated and also compared with those of the unmodified control. For this purpose, the design of the modified filter media with a saturated zone was combined to enhance the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. The effect of different rainfall intensities and nutrient concentrations in stormwater runoff on the removal efficiency of nutrients was evaluated. The results indicated that the modified bioretention with bottom ash modified soil media and saturated zone could exhibit the excellent removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorous from stormwater runoff. The extent of removal of total nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, and total phosphorous was found to be 58–70%, 66–82% and 82–97%, respectively. The performed correlation analysis showed that the bioretention cell using the special media could simultaneously enhance the removal of phosphorus and nitrogen. As a part of this study, the adsorption isotherms of phosphorus removal by the modified bioretention systems have also been determined. Finally, the implications and opportunities for deploying modified bioretention systems for optimizing water-energy nexus and stormwater management were illustrated. In overall, this study demonstrated that the modified bioretention systems could substantially enhance the removal efficiencies of nutrients from stormwater runoff.
Zhaoyang You; Li Zhang; Shu-Yuan Pan; Pen-Chi Chiang; Silu Pei; Shujuan Zhang. Performance evaluation of modified bioretention systems with alkaline solid wastes for enhanced nutrient removal from stormwater runoff. Water Research 2019, 161, 61 -73.
AMA StyleZhaoyang You, Li Zhang, Shu-Yuan Pan, Pen-Chi Chiang, Silu Pei, Shujuan Zhang. Performance evaluation of modified bioretention systems with alkaline solid wastes for enhanced nutrient removal from stormwater runoff. Water Research. 2019; 161 ():61-73.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhaoyang You; Li Zhang; Shu-Yuan Pan; Pen-Chi Chiang; Silu Pei; Shujuan Zhang. 2019. "Performance evaluation of modified bioretention systems with alkaline solid wastes for enhanced nutrient removal from stormwater runoff." Water Research 161, no. : 61-73.
Wastewater treatment can consume a large amount of energy to meet discharge standards. However, wastewater also contains resources which could be recovered for secondary uses under proper treatment. Hence, the goal of this paper is to review the available green energy and biomass energy that can be utilized in wastewater treatment plants. Comprehensive elucidation of energy-efficient technologies for wastewater treatment plants are revealed. For these energy-efficient technologies, this review provides an introduction and current application status of these technologies as well as key performance indicators for the integration of green energy and energy-efficient technologies. There are several assessment perspectives summarized in the evaluation of the integration of green energy and energy-efficient technologies in wastewater treatment plants. To overcome the challenges in wastewater treatment plants, the Internet of Things (IoT) and green chemistry technologies for the water and energy nexus are proposed. The findings of this review are highly beneficial for the development of green energy and energy-efficient wastewater treatment plants. Future research should investigate the integration of green infrastructure and ecologically advanced treatment technologies to explore the potential benefits and advantages.
Ziyang Guo; Yongjun Sun; Shu-Yuan Pan; Pen-Chi Chiang. Integration of Green Energy and Advanced Energy-Efficient Technologies for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 1282 .
AMA StyleZiyang Guo, Yongjun Sun, Shu-Yuan Pan, Pen-Chi Chiang. Integration of Green Energy and Advanced Energy-Efficient Technologies for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (7):1282.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZiyang Guo; Yongjun Sun; Shu-Yuan Pan; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2019. "Integration of Green Energy and Advanced Energy-Efficient Technologies for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 7: 1282.
This study investigated the occurrence and treatment of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), i.e., nonylphenol (NP) and bisphenol-A (BPA), in Taiwanese drinking water sources. The performance of coagulation-sedimentation and rapid filtration in removing a suite of EDCs was evaluated. The rapid filtration process was more effective in removing EDCs than the coagulation and sedimentation processes. In addition, the bioassay techniques E-SCREEN and T47D-KBluc were also used to assess water quality for human health protection. The humic acid may form a gel cake on the surface of membrane and enhance the removal efficiency. Calcium ions not only increase the ionic strength of the solution but also compress the double layer between the adsorbent and the adsorbate, resulting in enhanced removal efficiency. It was thus concluded that both enhancements of ionic strength and molecular size would increase the efficiency of EDC removal. The two selected bioassays suggested that the water quality in Taiwan is satisfactory and good for human health.
Yung-Dun Dai; How-Ran Chao; Pen-Chi Chiang. Detection, Occurrence, and Treatment of Nonylphenol and Bisphenol-A in Taiwanese Drinking Water Sources. Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste 2019, 23, 04018039 .
AMA StyleYung-Dun Dai, How-Ran Chao, Pen-Chi Chiang. Detection, Occurrence, and Treatment of Nonylphenol and Bisphenol-A in Taiwanese Drinking Water Sources. Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste. 2019; 23 (2):04018039.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYung-Dun Dai; How-Ran Chao; Pen-Chi Chiang. 2019. "Detection, Occurrence, and Treatment of Nonylphenol and Bisphenol-A in Taiwanese Drinking Water Sources." Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste 23, no. 2: 04018039.