The aim of this study was to search for any relations between the neutrophil-tolymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the development of osteomyelitis and the need for amputation in patients with diabetic foot infection (DFI). All data included DFI patients who were hospitalized in our Infectious Diseases Clinic between 2012 and 2015 and who were classified according to International Classification Disease Code System. 75 patients were analyzed in the study. The DFI patients were stratified into 3 groups of whom had amputation procedure, whom had only debridement/drainage procedure and whom had any surgery procedure. Sidac post hoc analysis was used to perform the effects of NLR, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and glycosylated hemoglobin on the surgery procedure status. The DFI patients were also stratified into two another separate group for another analysis to search for the effect of NLR values on the development of osteomyelitis. The mean value of NLR in the amputated patients’ group (15.7 ± 10.3 was significantly higher than those with debridement procedure (9.9 ± 5.6) and those without any surgery (6.0 ± 2.8) (p = 0.001). NLR values were also found significantly higher in patients with osteomyelitis in the second analysis (p = 0.004). In this study, the NLR was found to have a predictive value on the development of osteomyelitis and on the progression to amputation in patients with DFI.

The clinical use of cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents has increased survival in cancer patients. However, treatment‑associated bone marrow suppression and neutropenia often render patients prone to life‑threatening infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate episodes of febrile neutropenia (FN) in patients with solid tumors, and identify the microorganisms and the factors affecting mortality. A total of 100 primary febrile attacks in cancer patients who were followed up at the Department of Oncology of the Akdeniz University Medical Faculty Hospital between January, 2011 and May, 2012, were retrospectively investigated. FN attacks were classified in three groups as follows: fever of unknown origin, clinically documented infections and microbiologically documented infections. We found that prolonged neutropenia, Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) score <21 and the presence of metastasis increased mortality. We also compared the three groups of infection categories according to mortality rate, but did not observe any significant differences among these groups. Patients with malignancies should be assessed individually during the FN episodes. It is crucial to keep possible infectious pathogens in mind and evaluate the MASCC score, neutropenia duration and metastatic status of the patients, and start empirical antibiotic therapy immediately.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the impact of educational interventions on knowledge and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS, with the goal of reducing stigma. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted. This intervention study assessed knowledge and attitudes about HIV/ AIDS using a 5-point Likert scale. Participants, selected by convenience sampling method, included patients, their relatives, and healthcare providers at a University Hospital, excluding those with HIV/AIDS. After completing a pre-test questionnaire, participants received written information from an infectious disease specialist on HIV/AIDS, covering prevalence, transmission, prevention, and treatment per WHO guidelines. A post-test was then administered to evaluate changes in knowledge and attitudes. The study used a validated Turkish attitude scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0. Continuous variables were presented as mean +/- standard deviation or median and range. Correlation analysis examined the relationship between HIV/AIDS knowledge and stigmatizing attitudes. Results: In the study conducted with 388 participants, the mean age was 34, with 48.7% male and 51.3% female. Education significantly increased HIV/AIDS knowledge and improved empathetic, accepting attitudes toward individuals living with HIV (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that educational interventions should be implemented widely, especially in healthcare settings, to combat stigma. Future actions could include integrating similar programs into routine training for healthcare workers, patient education initiatives, and community outreach. Expanding the approach to other regions and monitoring long-term effects would further support stigma reduction.

Aim :Human monkeypox (HMPX) is a re-emerging infectious disease. YouTube is an effective tool for disseminating health-related information. Considering that dissemination of information about the ways of transmission and prevention of infectious diseases in public is very important. The aim of this study is to evaluate the information content and reliability of the videos about MPX on the popular and widely used video-sharing platform YouTube. Material and Method: YouTube (http://www.youtube.com) was searched using the keyword ‘monkeypox’. The number of views, likes, comments, and duration of the videos were recorded. The videos were analyzed blindly by an infectious diseases and microbiology (virology) specialist. The content was rated out of 10 points. The videos are grouped according to the uploaded source by the news agency and Physicians /Public coorperation.A DISCERN tool and the Global Quality Scale (GQS) were used to evaluate the reliability and quality of the videos. Results: Of the 100 videos screened, 44 that met the inclusion criteria were included in the study.Our study shows that video reliability (DISCERN) and Quality Scale (GQS) of YouTube videos related to MPX uploaded by physicians and health institutions were statistically significantly higher than news agencies. In terms of content, we are on the aspect that all videos contain useful information. Cohen Kappa scores indicating inter-observer agreement were 0.802, 0.827, and 0.858 for the Content , DISCERN and the GQS scores, respectively (95% confidence interval (CI). Conclusion: HMPX, especially during the global disease epidemic, the quality and reliable publication of useful YouTube content by Physicians /Public cooperation can help reduce and control the spread of the disease.

Amaç: Son yıllarda, Enterobacteriaceae türlerine karşı artan antimikrobiyal direnç küresel bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada karbapenem dirençli Enterobactericeae suşlarında immünokromatografik yöntem ile OXA-48 benzeri, KPC ve NDM beta-laktamaz karbapenemazlarının varlığının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: 1 Haziran 2017 ile 31 Mayıs 2018 tarihleri arasında mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarına çeşitli servislerden ve yoğun bakımdan gönderilen 717 Enterobactericeae suşu çalışma kapsamına alındı. Geleneksel yöntemler (koloni morfolojisi, gram boyama vb.) ve otomatize VİTEK-2 sistemi ile tanısı konulan Enterobactericea suşları değerlendirildi. VİTEK-2 sistemi ile antibiyogramı yapılan ve EUCAST önerilerine göre en az bir karbapenem grubu antibiyotiğe dirençli tespit edilen izolatlarda, karbapenem direnç tipi RESIST-3 O.K.N. K-SET (Coris BioConcept, Gembloux, Belgium) immünokromatografik yöntemle değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Değerlendirilmeye alınan Eschericia coli (n=430) ve Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=210), Klebsiella ozanea (n=4), Serratia marcescens (n=50), Serratia odorifa (n=3) arasında 35 karbapenem dirençli suş saptandı. Tespit edilen diğer türler (Salmonella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Citrobacter, Morganella, Yersinia) arasında karbapenem direnci saptanmadı. Enterobactericeae türleri arasında %4,8 (n=35) karbapenemlere direnç tespit edildi. Klebsiella pneumoniae suşları arasında %13,3 (n=28), Eschericia coli suşları arasında %0,9 (n=4) oranında karbapenem direnci tespit edildi. Klebsiella pneumoniae suşlarında (n=28) immünkromatografik yöntemle en fazla OXA-48 benzeri (n=13; %48) enzim direnci gözlendi. OXA -48 benzeri enzim pozitif saplanan bu 13 suşun 9‟u (%69) kolistine duyarlı bulundu. Sonuç: İlerleyen yıllarda mikrobiyoloji alanında daha kısa sürede, daha uygun maliyette, yüksek duyarlılık ve seçiciliğe ait bu tür pratik yöntemlerin kullanım alanının artacağını düşünmekteyiz.

Candida glabrata is a yeast which incidence has increased in recent years and usually causes urogenital and bloodstream infections. Its resistance to fluconazole hinders C. glabrata infections treatment. This case report presents a case of candidemia and scrotal abscess caused by C. glabrata, which was successfully treated with liposomal amphotericin B. The primary treatment options for C. glabrata candidemia are echinocandins and amphotericin B formulations. However, echinocandins and lipid-based amphotericin B formulations do not properly pass through the urinary system. Amphotericin B deoxycholate has a high risk of side effects and is difficult to obtain. The treatment option for candidemia caused by fluconazole-resistant C. glabrata secondary to urinary tract infection is unclear and there are no sufficient studies. For treatment, liposomal amphotericin B may be considered, especially for scrotal and prostatic fluconazole-resistant fungal abscesses. More studies comparing the penetration of antifungals into scrotal and prostatic tissue and the success of antifungal treatment in these tissue infections are needed.