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To examine adherence to physical activity (PA) and dietary guidelines, explore barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviours, and determine any associations with lipid-lowering drug therapy (LLT). Cross-sectional analysis of self-reported PA using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Elderly (IPAQ-E), diet using the Australian Short Dietary Screener (Aus-SDS), and perceived barriers to healthy PA and dietary behaviours. Australia A convenience sample of 110 community-dwelling Australian adults aged ≥70 years. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's χ2 were used to analyse adherence to guidelines and lifestyle barriers. Of 110 adults (mean age 76.8 ± 4.5y), 51.8% met PA guidelines, and none met all five dietary guidelines. Lipid-lowering drug therapy users engaged in less weekly PA (median 155, IQR = 70, 370 min) than non-users (median 420, IQR = 210, 675 min). Dietary intake did not differ by LLT status. Mobility and health concerns (68.1% vs 23.7%), and motivation (79.2% vs 36.8%) were more common barriers to PA among LLT users compared with non-users (p < 0.001). Perceived dietary barriers did not differ by LLT use. Half the study population met PA guidelines; however, none met all dietary guidelines. In older adults, targeted interventions addressing common barriers to achieving healthy lifestyles and reducing the risk of chronic disease are needed, especially among LLT users.
Adelle M. Gadowski; Andrea J. Curtis; Stephane Heritier; Sophia Zoungas; Alice J. Owen. Barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviours and adherence to physical activity and dietary guidelines by older Australians: A descriptive analysis. Human Nutrition & Metabolism 2021, 25, 200127 .
AMA StyleAdelle M. Gadowski, Andrea J. Curtis, Stephane Heritier, Sophia Zoungas, Alice J. Owen. Barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviours and adherence to physical activity and dietary guidelines by older Australians: A descriptive analysis. Human Nutrition & Metabolism. 2021; 25 ():200127.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdelle M. Gadowski; Andrea J. Curtis; Stephane Heritier; Sophia Zoungas; Alice J. Owen. 2021. "Barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviours and adherence to physical activity and dietary guidelines by older Australians: A descriptive analysis." Human Nutrition & Metabolism 25, no. : 200127.
PURPOSE: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rare hematologic malignancy accounting for 0.8% of new cancer diagnoses in Australia. High mortality and morbidity affect work productivity through workforce dropout and premature death. This study sought to estimate the productivity loss attributable to AML in the Australian population over 10 years and to estimate the costs of this productivity loss. Productivity was measured using productivity-adjusted life years (PALYs), a similar concept to quality-adjusted life years, but adjusts for the productivity loss attributable to disease, rather than impaired health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dynamic life tables modeled the Australian working population (age 15-65 years) between 2020 and 2029. The model population had two cohorts: those with and without AML. Differences in life years, PALYs, and costs represented the health and productivity impact of AML. Secondary analyses evaluated the impact of different scenarios. RESULTS: Over the next 10 years, there will be 7,600 years of life lost and 7,337 PALYs lost because of AML, amounting to Australian dollars (AU$) 1.43 billion in lost gross domestic product ($971 million in US dollars). Secondary analyses highlight potential savings of approximately AU$52 million if survival rates were improved by 20% and almost AU$118 million in savings if the return-to-work rates increased by 20% on the current estimates. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that even in low-incidence cancer, high mortality and morbidity translate to profound impacts on years of life, productivity, and the broader economy. Better treatment strategies are likely to result in significant economic gains. This highlights the value of investing in research for improved therapies.
Catriona Parker; Danny Liew; Zanfina Ademi; Alice J. Owen; Darshini Ayton; Andrew Wei; Ella Zomer. Estimating the Productivity Impact of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Australia Between 2020 and 2029, Using a Novel Work Utility Measure: The Productivity-Adjusted Life Year (PALY). JCO Oncology Practice 2021, OP2000904 .
AMA StyleCatriona Parker, Danny Liew, Zanfina Ademi, Alice J. Owen, Darshini Ayton, Andrew Wei, Ella Zomer. Estimating the Productivity Impact of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Australia Between 2020 and 2029, Using a Novel Work Utility Measure: The Productivity-Adjusted Life Year (PALY). JCO Oncology Practice. 2021; ():OP2000904.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCatriona Parker; Danny Liew; Zanfina Ademi; Alice J. Owen; Darshini Ayton; Andrew Wei; Ella Zomer. 2021. "Estimating the Productivity Impact of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Australia Between 2020 and 2029, Using a Novel Work Utility Measure: The Productivity-Adjusted Life Year (PALY)." JCO Oncology Practice , no. : OP2000904.
Objective: Mis-reporting is common in dietary assessment leading to misinterpretation of disease risk and could be important in older adults with increased chronic disease risk. The study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of mis-reporting among older adults and its association with health outcomes including quality of life (QoL). Methods: The study was conducted in 335 community dwelling older adults at increased cardiovascular risk, participating in the SCReening Evaluation of the Evolution of New Heart Failure Study (SCREEN-HF) dietary sub-study. Diet was assessed using four-day weighed food diaries, QOL measured through Short Form-36 (SF36) and physical activity assessed using the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) physical activity questionnaire. Dietary mis-reporting was defined based on Goldberg cut-offs, using individual physical activity levels (PAL). Odds ratios were determined to establish associations between mis-reporting and health outcomes. Results: The prevalence of mis-reporting among older adults was found to be 49.3%, with 44.5% of women mis-reporting their energy intake. The study found under-reporting of energy to be associated with body mass index (BMI), specifically overweight (odds ratio = 3.08, 95% CI: 1.54, 6.15) and obese (odds ratio=6.60, 95% CI: 3.05, 14.26) and also with physical inactivity (odds ratio =0.24, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.43). Only physical inactivity predicted over-reporting of dietary intake (odds ratio=7.52, 95% CI: 1.57, 36.0). Conclusion: Dietary under-reporting was associated with being overweight, obese, and physically inactive in addition to the absence of comorbidities, reinforcing the need for further research in older adults to factor in dietary mis-reporting for meaningful diet-disease relationship analysis.
Thara Govindaraju; Tracy A McCaffrey; John J McNeil; Christopher M Reid; Ben J Smith; Duncan J Campbell; Alice J Owen. Mis-reporting of energy intake among older Australian adults: Prevalence, characteristics, and associations with quality of life. Nutrition 2021, 90, 111259 .
AMA StyleThara Govindaraju, Tracy A McCaffrey, John J McNeil, Christopher M Reid, Ben J Smith, Duncan J Campbell, Alice J Owen. Mis-reporting of energy intake among older Australian adults: Prevalence, characteristics, and associations with quality of life. Nutrition. 2021; 90 ():111259.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThara Govindaraju; Tracy A McCaffrey; John J McNeil; Christopher M Reid; Ben J Smith; Duncan J Campbell; Alice J Owen. 2021. "Mis-reporting of energy intake among older Australian adults: Prevalence, characteristics, and associations with quality of life." Nutrition 90, no. : 111259.
Aims To estimate the health and economic burden of new and established cardiovascular disease from 2020 to 2029 in Australia. Methods and results A two-stage multistate dynamic model was developed to predict the burden of the incident and prevalent cardiovascular disease, for Australians 40–90 years old from 2020 to 2029. The model captured morbidity, mortality, years of life lived, quality-adjusted life years, healthcare costs, and productivity losses. Cardiovascular risk for the primary prevention population was derived using Australian demographic data and the Pooled Cohort Equation. Risk for the secondary prevention population was derived from the REACH registry. Input data for costs and utilities were extracted from published sources. All outcomes were annually discounted by 5%. A number of sensitivity analyses were undertaken to test the robustness of the study. Between 2020 and 2029, the model estimates 377 754 fatal and 991 375 non-fatal cardiovascular events. By 2029, 1 061 756 Australians will have prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD). The population accrued 8 815 271 [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 8 805 083–8 841 432] years of life lived with CVD and 5 876 975 (5 551 484–6 226 045) QALYs. The total healthcare costs of CVD were projected to exceed Australian dollars (AUD) 61.89 (61.79–88.66) billion, and productivity losses will account for AUD 78.75 (49.40–295.25) billion, driving the total cost to surpass AUD 140.65 (123.13–370.23) billion. Conclusion Cardiovascular disease in Australia has substantial impacts in terms of morbidity, mortality, and lost revenue to the healthcare system and the society. Our modelling provides important information for decision making in relation to the future burden of cardiovascular disease.
Clara Marquina; Stella Talic; Sandra Vargas-Torres; Marjana Petrova; Dina Abushanab; Alice Owen; Sean Lybrand; David Thomson; Danny Liew; Ella Zomer; Zanfina Ademi. Future burden of cardiovascular disease in Australia: impact on health and economic outcomes between 2020 and 2029. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleClara Marquina, Stella Talic, Sandra Vargas-Torres, Marjana Petrova, Dina Abushanab, Alice Owen, Sean Lybrand, David Thomson, Danny Liew, Ella Zomer, Zanfina Ademi. Future burden of cardiovascular disease in Australia: impact on health and economic outcomes between 2020 and 2029. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClara Marquina; Stella Talic; Sandra Vargas-Torres; Marjana Petrova; Dina Abushanab; Alice Owen; Sean Lybrand; David Thomson; Danny Liew; Ella Zomer; Zanfina Ademi. 2021. "Future burden of cardiovascular disease in Australia: impact on health and economic outcomes between 2020 and 2029." European Journal of Preventive Cardiology , no. : 1.
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Aimee Lefevre; Ingrid Hopper; John J McNeil; Alice Owen; for the ALSOP Complementary Medicine Research Group. Complementary medicine use by community‐dwelling older Australians. Medical Journal of Australia 2020, 214, 140 -141.
AMA StyleAimee Lefevre, Ingrid Hopper, John J McNeil, Alice Owen, for the ALSOP Complementary Medicine Research Group. Complementary medicine use by community‐dwelling older Australians. Medical Journal of Australia. 2020; 214 (3):140-141.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAimee Lefevre; Ingrid Hopper; John J McNeil; Alice Owen; for the ALSOP Complementary Medicine Research Group. 2020. "Complementary medicine use by community‐dwelling older Australians." Medical Journal of Australia 214, no. 3: 140-141.
Objective there may be age-related differences in the impact of weight change on health. This study systematically reviewed the evidence on the relationship between weight change and all-cause mortality in adults aged 65 years and older. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched from inception to 11 June 2020, PROSPERO CRD 42019142268. We included observational studies reporting on the association between weight change and all-cause mortality in older community-dwelling adults. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to calculate pooled hazard ratios and scored based on the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality guidelines. Results a total of 30 studies, including 1,219,279 participants with 69,255 deaths, demonstrated that weight loss was associated with a 59% increase in mortality risk (hazard ratio (HR): 1.59; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.45–1.74; P < 0.001). Twenty-seven studies that reported outcomes for weight gain (1,210,116 participants with 65,481 deaths) indicated that weight gain was associated with a 10% increase in all-cause mortality (HR: 1.10; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.17; P = 0.01). Four studies investigated weight fluctuation (2,283 events among 6,901 participants), which was associated with a 63% increased mortality risk (HR: 1.66; 95%CI: 1.28, 2.15). No evidence of publication bias was observed (all P > 0.05). Conclusion for community-dwelling older adults, weight changes (weight loss, gain or weight fluctuation) are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality risk relative to stable weight. Further research is needed to determine whether these associations vary depending upon initial weight, and whether or not the weight loss/gain was intentional.
Tagrid A Alharbi; Susan Paudel; Danijela Gasevic; Joanne Ryan; Rosanne Freak-Poli; Alice J Owen. The association of weight change and all-cause mortality in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Age and Ageing 2020, 50, 697 -704.
AMA StyleTagrid A Alharbi, Susan Paudel, Danijela Gasevic, Joanne Ryan, Rosanne Freak-Poli, Alice J Owen. The association of weight change and all-cause mortality in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Age and Ageing. 2020; 50 (3):697-704.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTagrid A Alharbi; Susan Paudel; Danijela Gasevic; Joanne Ryan; Rosanne Freak-Poli; Alice J Owen. 2020. "The association of weight change and all-cause mortality in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Age and Ageing 50, no. 3: 697-704.
Objective This study aimed to quantify the health and productivity burden of migraines in Australia, measured by quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs), productivity‐adjusted life years (PALYs, a novel measure of productivity), and associated health‐care and broader economic costs. Methods A Markov state‐transition model was constructed to simulate follow‐up of Australians aged 20‐64 years over the next 10 years. The model was first run using current prevalence estimates of migraine. It was then rerun assuming that people with migraine hypothetically did not have the condition. Differences in outcomes between the 2 model simulations represented the health and productivity burden attributable to migraine. All data inputs were obtained from published sources. Gross domestic product (GDP) per equivalent full‐time worker in Australia was used to reflect the cost of each PALY (AU$177,092). Future costs and outcomes were discounted by 5% annually. Results Currently, 1,274,319 million (8.5%) Australians aged 20‐64 years have migraine. Over the next 10 years, migraine was predicted to lead to a loss of 2,577,783 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2,054,980 to 3,000,784) QALYs among this cohort (2.02 per person and 2.43% of total QALYs), and AU$1.67 (95% CI $1.16 to $2.37) billion in health‐care costs (AU$1313 per person, 95% CI $914 to $1862). There would also be 384,740 (95% CI 299,102 to 479,803) PALYs lost (0.30 per person and 0.53% of total PALYs), resulting in AU$68.13 (95% CI $44.42 to $98.25) billion of lost GDP (AU$53,467 per person, 95% CI $34,855 to $77,102). Conclusion Migraines impose a substantial health and economic burden on Australians of working age. Funding interventions that reduce the prevalence of migraines and/or its effects are likely to provide sound return on investment.
Susan Tu; Danny Liew; Zanfina Ademi; Alice J. Owen; Ella Zomer. The Health and Productivity Burden of Migraines in Australia. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain 2020, 60, 2291 -2303.
AMA StyleSusan Tu, Danny Liew, Zanfina Ademi, Alice J. Owen, Ella Zomer. The Health and Productivity Burden of Migraines in Australia. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain. 2020; 60 (10):2291-2303.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSusan Tu; Danny Liew; Zanfina Ademi; Alice J. Owen; Ella Zomer. 2020. "The Health and Productivity Burden of Migraines in Australia." Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain 60, no. 10: 2291-2303.
Objective: As a result of the coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) pandemic, Australia adopted emergency measures on 22 March 2020. This study reports the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on appetite and overeating in Australian adults during the first month of emergency measures. Design: This study reports analysis of data from the population-based, self-completed survey. The main outcome measure was an item from the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 asking: ‘Over the past 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by poor appetite or overeating?’. Data on sociodemographic factors, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and the impact of COVID-19 and lockdown were also collected. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations with poor appetite or overeating. Setting: An anonymous online survey available from 3 April to 2 May 2020. Participants: A total of 13 829 Australian residents aged 18 years or over. Results: The weighted prevalence of being bothered by poor appetite or overeating in the past 2 weeks was 53·6 %, with 11·6 % (95 % CI 10·6, 12·6) of the cohort reporting poor appetite or overeating nearly every day. High levels of anxiety, concern about contracting COVID-19, being in lockdown with children and reporting a severe impact of the lockdown were associated with increased odds of poor appetite or overeating. Conclusions: Given the widespread prevalence of being bothered by poor appetite or overeating, universal public health interventions to address emotion-focused or situational eating during periods of lockdown may be appropriate.
Aj Owen; T Tran; K Hammarberg; M Kirkman; Jrw Fisher. Poor appetite and overeating reported by adults in Australia during the coronavirus-19 disease pandemic: a population-based study. Public Health Nutrition 2020, 24, 275 -281.
AMA StyleAj Owen, T Tran, K Hammarberg, M Kirkman, Jrw Fisher. Poor appetite and overeating reported by adults in Australia during the coronavirus-19 disease pandemic: a population-based study. Public Health Nutrition. 2020; 24 (2):275-281.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAj Owen; T Tran; K Hammarberg; M Kirkman; Jrw Fisher. 2020. "Poor appetite and overeating reported by adults in Australia during the coronavirus-19 disease pandemic: a population-based study." Public Health Nutrition 24, no. 2: 275-281.
BackgroundFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common inherited cause for premature coronary artery disease (CAD) that increases suffering and disability in affected people. However, the extent to which FH impacts work productivity at a population level is unclear.ObjectiveWe aimed to quantify the burden of heterozygous FH (HeFH) in terms of productivity-adjusted life years (PALYs) lost to HeFH in Australia.MethodsA life table model was constructed to quantify years of life and PALYs lived by Australians with HeFH (prevalence 1 in 300) and of working age (aged 20 to 69 years). Follow-up was simulated until age 70 years. The model was then resimulated, but assuming the cohort did not have HeFH. Increased cardiovascular mortality and reduction in productivity attributable to HeFH were sourced from published data. Differences in total years of life, QALYs and PALYs lived by the ‘HeFH cohort' and the same cohort without HeFH (‘non-HeFH cohort') reflected the QALYs and PALYs lost due to HeFH. All future costs and outcomes were discounted by 5% annually.ResultsIn 2017, an estimated 51,587 people of working age in Australia (0.33%) had HeFH. Over their working lifetime, we predicted that 2,950 excess cardiovascular deaths occurred in the current Australian population of working age individuals with HeFH, resulting in a loss of 24,728 years of life. In terms of productivity, HeFH led to the loss of 24,955 PALYs over the working lifetime. Based on gross domestic product (GDP) per equivalent full-time worker, this equated to a total of AUD 5.23 billion in lost GDP over the working lifetime, with an average of AUD 101,366 lost per person. A relative reduction of 20% in cardiovascular deaths (as can be achieved with adequate cholesterol control) would lead to 1,113 PALYs and AUD 233 million in GDP saved in the HeFH cohort.ConclusionThe impact of HeFH on work productivity is significant. Screening and prevention strategies tailored early in life are likely to exert not only a positive impact on health, but also the economy.
Zanfina Ademi; Clara Marquina; Ella Zomer; Cate Bailey; Alice Owen; Jing Pang; Richard Norman; Gerald F. Watts; Danny Liew. The economic impact of familial hypercholesterolemia on productivity. Journal of Clinical Lipidology 2020, 14, 799 -806.e3.
AMA StyleZanfina Ademi, Clara Marquina, Ella Zomer, Cate Bailey, Alice Owen, Jing Pang, Richard Norman, Gerald F. Watts, Danny Liew. The economic impact of familial hypercholesterolemia on productivity. Journal of Clinical Lipidology. 2020; 14 (6):799-806.e3.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZanfina Ademi; Clara Marquina; Ella Zomer; Cate Bailey; Alice Owen; Jing Pang; Richard Norman; Gerald F. Watts; Danny Liew. 2020. "The economic impact of familial hypercholesterolemia on productivity." Journal of Clinical Lipidology 14, no. 6: 799-806.e3.
Low back pain is prevalent in older populations and modifiable risk factors may include being overweight or obese. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and impact of moderate or severe low back pain in community-dwelling older adults and its association with body mass index (BMI). Cross-sectional study involving 16,439 Australians aged ≥70 years. Logistic regression was used to describe associations between the presence or absence of moderate or severe low back pain experienced on most days with BMI. Analyses were conducted separately for males and females, and controlled for age and depression at baseline. Of 14,155 pain question respondents, 11 % of males (n = 710/6475) and 18 % of females (n = 1391/7680) reported moderate or severe low back pain (total 15 %, n = 2101/14,155). Of those reporting moderate or severe low back pain (n = 2101), 55 % reported taking pain-relieving medication regularly, and 29 % reported that the pain regularly interfered with sleep, 37 % with walking, and 47 % with day to day activities. When age and depression were controlled for, there was a statistically significant (p < 0.001) association between moderate or severe low back pain and being overweight (females: odds ratio OR = 1.50, 95 % confidence interval CI = 1.27−1.76) or obese (males: OR = 2.23, 95 %CI = 1.77−2.80 and females: OR = 2.91, 95 %CI = 2.48−3.42). Moderate or severe low back pain is common, has a significant impact, and is associated with either an overweight or obese BMI among community-dwelling Australians aged ≥70 years.
Julia Fm Gilmartin-Thomas; Flavia M Cicuttini; Alice J Owen; Rory Wolfe; Michael E. Ernst; Mark R Nelson; Jessica Lockery; Robyn L Woods; Carlene Britt; Danny Liew; Anne Murray; Barbara Workman; Stephanie A Ward; John J McNeil. Moderate or severe low back pain is associated with body mass index amongst community-dwelling older Australians. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 2020, 91, 104231 .
AMA StyleJulia Fm Gilmartin-Thomas, Flavia M Cicuttini, Alice J Owen, Rory Wolfe, Michael E. Ernst, Mark R Nelson, Jessica Lockery, Robyn L Woods, Carlene Britt, Danny Liew, Anne Murray, Barbara Workman, Stephanie A Ward, John J McNeil. Moderate or severe low back pain is associated with body mass index amongst community-dwelling older Australians. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2020; 91 ():104231.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulia Fm Gilmartin-Thomas; Flavia M Cicuttini; Alice J Owen; Rory Wolfe; Michael E. Ernst; Mark R Nelson; Jessica Lockery; Robyn L Woods; Carlene Britt; Danny Liew; Anne Murray; Barbara Workman; Stephanie A Ward; John J McNeil. 2020. "Moderate or severe low back pain is associated with body mass index amongst community-dwelling older Australians." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 91, no. : 104231.
The aim of this study was to assess the relative validity and reproducibility of a six-item Australian Short Dietary Screener (Aus-SDS). The Aus-SDS assessed the daily intake of core food groups (vegetables, fruits, legumes and beans, cereals, protein sources and dairy sources) in 100 Australians (52 males and 48 females) aged ≥70 years. Relative validity was assessed by comparing intakes from the Aus-SDS1 with an average of three 24-h recalls (24-HRs), and reproducibility using two administrations of the Aus-SDS (Aus-SDS1 and Aus-SDS2). Cohen’s kappa statistic between the Aus-SDS1 and 24-HRs showed moderate to good agreement, ranging from 0.44 for fruits and dairy to 0.64 for protein. There was poor agreement for legume intake (0.12). Bland–Altman plots demonstrated acceptable limits of agreement between the Aus-SDS1 and 24-HRs for all food groups. Median intakes obtained from Aus-SDS1 and Aus-SDS2 did not differ. For all food groups, Cohen’s kappa statistic ranged from 0.68 to 0.89, indicating acceptable agreement between the Aus-SDS1 and Aus-SDS2. Spearman’s correlation coefficient between Aus-SDS1 and 24-HRs across all food groups ranged from 0.64 for fruit to 0.83 for protein. We found the Aus-SDS to be a useful tool in assessing daily intake of core food groups in this population.
Adelle M. Gadowski; Tracy A. McCaffrey; Stephane Heritier; Andrea J. Curtis; Natalie Nanayakkara; Sophia Zoungas; Alice J. Owen. Development, Relative Validity and Reproducibility of the Aus-SDS (Australian Short Dietary Screener) in Adults Aged 70 Years and above. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1436 .
AMA StyleAdelle M. Gadowski, Tracy A. McCaffrey, Stephane Heritier, Andrea J. Curtis, Natalie Nanayakkara, Sophia Zoungas, Alice J. Owen. Development, Relative Validity and Reproducibility of the Aus-SDS (Australian Short Dietary Screener) in Adults Aged 70 Years and above. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (5):1436.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdelle M. Gadowski; Tracy A. McCaffrey; Stephane Heritier; Andrea J. Curtis; Natalie Nanayakkara; Sophia Zoungas; Alice J. Owen. 2020. "Development, Relative Validity and Reproducibility of the Aus-SDS (Australian Short Dietary Screener) in Adults Aged 70 Years and above." Nutrients 12, no. 5: 1436.
This study examined the relationship between diet quality scores and cardiometabolic risk factors in regionally-dwelling older Australian adults with increased cardiovascular risk. This study was a cross-sectional analysis of demographic, anthropometric, and cardiometabolic risk factor data from 458 participants of the Cardiovascular Stream of the Hazelwood Health Study. Participants completed a 120 item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression adjusting for age, sex, smoking, physical activity, education, diabetes, and body mass index was used to examine the relationship between diet and cardiometabolic risk factors. Mean (SD) age of participants was 71 (8) years, and 55% were male. More than half of men and women did not meet recommended intakes of fibre, while 60% of men and 42% of women exceeded recommended dietary sodium intakes. Higher diet quality in terms of intake of vegetables, grains, and non-processed meat, as well as intake of non-fried fish, was associated with more favourable cardiometabolic risk profiles, while sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was strongly associated with adverse cardiometabolic risk factor levels. In older, regionally-dwelling adults, dietary public health strategies that address whole grain products, vegetable and fish consumption, and sugar-sweetened soft-drink intake may be of benefit in reducing cardiometabolic risk.
Alice J. Owen; Michael J. Abramson; Jill F. Ikin; Tracy A. McCaffrey; Sylvia Pomeroy; Brigitte M. Borg; Caroline X. Gao; David Brown; Danny Liew. Recommended Intake of Key Food Groups and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Australian Older, Rural-Dwelling Adults. Nutrients 2020, 12, 860 .
AMA StyleAlice J. Owen, Michael J. Abramson, Jill F. Ikin, Tracy A. McCaffrey, Sylvia Pomeroy, Brigitte M. Borg, Caroline X. Gao, David Brown, Danny Liew. Recommended Intake of Key Food Groups and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Australian Older, Rural-Dwelling Adults. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (3):860.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlice J. Owen; Michael J. Abramson; Jill F. Ikin; Tracy A. McCaffrey; Sylvia Pomeroy; Brigitte M. Borg; Caroline X. Gao; David Brown; Danny Liew. 2020. "Recommended Intake of Key Food Groups and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Australian Older, Rural-Dwelling Adults." Nutrients 12, no. 3: 860.
Lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) should be accompanied by dietary guidance for cardiovascular risk reduction; however, current evidence suggests sub-optimal dietary behaviors in those on LLT. We examined the associations between the dietary intake of key food groups (vegetables, fruit, cereal, protein, and dairy) and LLT use in Australian adults using quantile regression. We used data from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab), a prospective population-based study of adults aged ≥25 years, conducted over 5 years (1999–2005). Measurements included a 121-item food frequency questionnaire and LLT use. LLT use was categorized as: LLT users (n = 446), commenced LLT (n = 565), ceased LLT (n = 71), and non-users (n = 4813). Less than 1% of the cohort met recommended intakes of all food groups at the baseline and follow up. The median daily dietary intake at the follow up among LLT users was 2.2 serves of vegetables, 1.4 serves of fruit, 2.8 serves of cereal, 2.0 serves of protein, and 1.4 serves of dairy. Adjusted analysis showed no differences across the quantiles of intake of key food groups in LLT users and commenced LLT compared to non-users. The LLT medication status is not associated with any difference in meeting recommended intakes of key foods.
Adelle M. Gadowski; Natalie Nanayakkara; Stephane Heritier; Dianna Magliano; Jonathan E. Shaw; Andrea J. Curtis; Sophia Zoungas; Alice J. Owen; Shaw; Owen. Association between Dietary Intake and Lipid-Lowering Therapy: Prospective Analysis of Data from Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab) Using a Quantile Regression Approach. Nutrients 2019, 11, 1858 .
AMA StyleAdelle M. Gadowski, Natalie Nanayakkara, Stephane Heritier, Dianna Magliano, Jonathan E. Shaw, Andrea J. Curtis, Sophia Zoungas, Alice J. Owen, Shaw, Owen. Association between Dietary Intake and Lipid-Lowering Therapy: Prospective Analysis of Data from Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab) Using a Quantile Regression Approach. Nutrients. 2019; 11 (8):1858.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdelle M. Gadowski; Natalie Nanayakkara; Stephane Heritier; Dianna Magliano; Jonathan E. Shaw; Andrea J. Curtis; Sophia Zoungas; Alice J. Owen; Shaw; Owen. 2019. "Association between Dietary Intake and Lipid-Lowering Therapy: Prospective Analysis of Data from Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab) Using a Quantile Regression Approach." Nutrients 11, no. 8: 1858.
John J McNeil; Robyn L Woods; Stephanie Ward; Carlene J Britt; Jessica E Lockery; Lawrence J Beilin; Alice J Owen. Cohort Profile: The ASPREE Longitudinal Study of Older Persons (ALSOP). International Journal of Epidemiology 2019, 48, 1048 -1049h.
AMA StyleJohn J McNeil, Robyn L Woods, Stephanie Ward, Carlene J Britt, Jessica E Lockery, Lawrence J Beilin, Alice J Owen. Cohort Profile: The ASPREE Longitudinal Study of Older Persons (ALSOP). International Journal of Epidemiology. 2019; 48 (4):1048-1049h.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn J McNeil; Robyn L Woods; Stephanie Ward; Carlene J Britt; Jessica E Lockery; Lawrence J Beilin; Alice J Owen. 2019. "Cohort Profile: The ASPREE Longitudinal Study of Older Persons (ALSOP)." International Journal of Epidemiology 48, no. 4: 1048-1049h.
BackgroundThe loss of productivity arising from tobacco use in low/middle-income countries has not been well described. We sought to examine the impact of cigarette smoking on population health and work productivity in Malaysia using a recently published measure, the productivity-adjusted life year (PALY).MethodsA life table model was constructed using published Malaysian demographic and mortality data. Our analysis was limited to male smokers due to the low smoking prevalence in females (1.1%). Male smokers aged 15–64 years were followed up until 65 years or until death. The population attributable risk, health-related quality of life decrements and relative reduction in productivity due to smoking were sourced from published data. The analysis was repeated assuming the cohorts were never smokers, and the differences in outcomes represented the health and productivity burden conferred by smoking. The cost of productivity loss was estimated based on the gross domestic product per equivalent full-time worker in Malaysia.ResultsTobacco use is highly prevalent among working-age males in Malaysia, with 4.2 million (37.5%) daily smokers among men aged between 15 and 64 years. Overall, our model estimated that smoking resulted in the loss of over 2.1 million life years (2.9%), 5.5 million (8.2%) quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and 3.0 million (4.8%) PALYs. Smoking was estimated to incur RM275.3 billion (US$69.4 billion) in loss of productivity.ConclusionTobacco use imposes a significant public health and economic burden among working-age males in Malaysia. This study highlights the need of effective public health interventions to reduce tobacco use.
Qian Ying Tan; Ella Zomer; Alice J Owen; Ken Lee Chin; Danny Liew. Impact of tobacco use on health and work productivity in Malaysia. Tobacco Control 2019, 29, 111 -117.
AMA StyleQian Ying Tan, Ella Zomer, Alice J Owen, Ken Lee Chin, Danny Liew. Impact of tobacco use on health and work productivity in Malaysia. Tobacco Control. 2019; 29 (1):111-117.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQian Ying Tan; Ella Zomer; Alice J Owen; Ken Lee Chin; Danny Liew. 2019. "Impact of tobacco use on health and work productivity in Malaysia." Tobacco Control 29, no. 1: 111-117.
Chronic diseases contribute to about half of the adult disease burden in the South Asian region. Meanwhile, physical activity levels are declining despite the global evidence of its role in the prevention of chronic diseases. While there are a plethora of systematic reviews on the effects of physical activity on chronic diseases, there has not yet been a synthesis of the evidence concerning the nature of this relationship among people living in South Asian countries incorporating multiple chronic diseases and a focus on physical activity domains. The aim of this protocol is to describe the rationale and methods for a systematic review of published research to identify the association between physical activity and selected chronic diseases and their markers and analysis of the strength of association with a focus on physical activity domains among South Asian adults 40 years and older. Nine electronic databases including Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL Plus, AgeLine, SPORTDiscus, Scopus and Web of Science will be systematically searched for papers reporting the association between physical activity and selected chronic diseases (type 2 diabetes mellitus, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, coronary heart disease, stroke, vascular diseases and musculoskeletal diseases (osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, back and neck pain)) and their markers using predefined search terms. Searches will be limited to peer-reviewed, English language papers with a quantitative design. In addition, a manual search of references of relevant systematic reviews as well as citations and references of eligible studies will also be carried out. The methodological appraisal will be performed using the National Institutes of Health quality assessment checklist for observational studies and the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool for intervention studies. The overall quality of evidence for the study outcomes across the study designs will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. The review results will be presented in the form of narrative synthesis, and a random effects meta-analysis is planned depending on the nature of included studies and available data. This review will summarise the strength of the association between physical activity and selected chronic diseases and their markers among South Asian adults 40 years or older. The findings will provide an evidence base to guide public health policy and interventions in the South Asian region and to inform future research to address the rising burden of chronic diseases. PROSPERO CRD42018096505.
Susan Paudel; Alice J. Owen; Ebenezer Owusu-Addo; Ben J. Smith. Physical activity participation and the risk of chronic diseases among South Asian adults: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic Reviews 2018, 7, 177 .
AMA StyleSusan Paudel, Alice J. Owen, Ebenezer Owusu-Addo, Ben J. Smith. Physical activity participation and the risk of chronic diseases among South Asian adults: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic Reviews. 2018; 7 (1):177.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSusan Paudel; Alice J. Owen; Ebenezer Owusu-Addo; Ben J. Smith. 2018. "Physical activity participation and the risk of chronic diseases among South Asian adults: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis." Systematic Reviews 7, no. 1: 177.
This study investigated the prevalence of physical activity prescriptions in the management of high blood pressure (BP), the characteristics of people given these, and whether prescriptions were associated with the physical activity beliefs and practices of patients. A retrospective cohort study was undertaken, involving 365 general practitioners (GPs) from across Australia. The records of up to 20 patients per GP with high BP (N = 6512) were audited to identify physical activity and pharmacological prescriptions over four consecutive consultations. A sub-sample (n = 535) of patients completed a physical activity questionnaire. Physical activity prescriptions were recorded for 42.6% of patients with controlled BP, 39.5% for those with mild hypertension and 35.7% of those with moderate to severe hypertension. These were more likely in patients with cardiovascular disease (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.23–1.62) and diabetes (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.04–1.42), and less likely in those with moderate to severe hypertension (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.69–0.94), aged 75 years and over (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.51–0.74) and with high cholesterol (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.57–0.94). Patients receiving a physical activity prescription were more likely to report this behaviour as important for their health and that they had increased their levels of participation. Most patients with high BP are not receiving physical activity prescriptions, and GPs show greater readiness to address this behaviour in patients with existing chronic disease. There is a need for efficacious and practical strategies for promoting physical activity that can be adopted in the routine management of high BP in general practice.
Ben J. Smith; Alice J. Owen; Danny Liew; Darren Kelly; Christopher M. Reid. Prescription of physical activity in the management of high blood pressure in Australian general practices. Journal of Human Hypertension 2018, 33, 50 -56.
AMA StyleBen J. Smith, Alice J. Owen, Danny Liew, Darren Kelly, Christopher M. Reid. Prescription of physical activity in the management of high blood pressure in Australian general practices. Journal of Human Hypertension. 2018; 33 (1):50-56.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBen J. Smith; Alice J. Owen; Danny Liew; Darren Kelly; Christopher M. Reid. 2018. "Prescription of physical activity in the management of high blood pressure in Australian general practices." Journal of Human Hypertension 33, no. 1: 50-56.
Dietary patterns may be related to quality of life (QoL) of older adults, although evidence from literature is conflicting. The demographic shifts toward ageing populations in many countries increases the importance of understanding the relationship between diet and QoL in older adults. This review was designed to investigate associations between dietary patterns and QoL in older adults. The systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eight electronic databases were searched to identify articles published in English from January 1975 to March 2018 that investigated associations between dietary patterns and QoL in older adults. Relevant studies were identified based on set inclusion and exclusion criteria, data were extracted and analysed to examine the relationships and possible implications for public health recommendations. The systematic review included 15 articles (One randomized control trial, six prospective cohorts and eight cross sectional). The studies looked at correlations between different dietary patterns and/or adherence to particular dietary patterns and self-reported QoL or self-rated health status. Excluding two studies which showed no significant association, healthy dietary patterns were associated with better self-rated health and QoL in one or more domains, and adherence to healthy dietary patterns like the Mediterranean diet were significantly associated with improvement in at least one of the QoL domains.
Thara Govindaraju; Berhe W. Sahle; Tracy A. McCaffrey; John J. McNeil; Alice J. Owen. Dietary Patterns and Quality of Life in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2018, 10, 971 .
AMA StyleThara Govindaraju, Berhe W. Sahle, Tracy A. McCaffrey, John J. McNeil, Alice J. Owen. Dietary Patterns and Quality of Life in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2018; 10 (8):971.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThara Govindaraju; Berhe W. Sahle; Tracy A. McCaffrey; John J. McNeil; Alice J. Owen. 2018. "Dietary Patterns and Quality of Life in Older Adults: A Systematic Review." Nutrients 10, no. 8: 971.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the impact of smoking on productivity in Australia, in terms of years of life lost, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) lost and the novel measure of productivity-adjusted life years (PALYs) lost.MethodsLife table modelling using contemporary Australian data simulated follow-up of current smokers aged 20–69 years until age 70 years. Excess mortality, health-related quality of life decrements and relative reduction in productivity attributable to smoking were sourced from published data. The gross domestic product (GDP) per equivalent full-time (EFT) worker in Australia in 2016 was used to estimate the cost of productivity loss attributable to smoking at a population level.ResultsAt present, approximately 2.5 million Australians (17.4%) aged between 20 and 69 years are smokers. Assuming follow-up of this population until the age of 70 years, more than 3.1 million years of life would be lost to smoking, as well as 6.0 million QALYs and 2.5 million PALYs. This equates to 4.2% of years of life, 9.4% QALYs and 6.0% PALYs lost among Australian working-age smokers. At an individual level, this is equivalent to 1.2 years of life, 2.4 QALYs and 1.0 PALY lost per smoker. Assuming (conservatively) that each PALY in Australia is equivalent to $A157 000 (GDP per EFT worker in 2016), the economic impact of lost productivity would amount to $A388 billion.ConclusionsThis study highlights the potential health and productivity gains that may be achieved from further tobacco control measures in Australia via application of PALYs, which are a novel, and readily estimable, measure of the impact of health and health risk factors on work productivity.
Alice J Owen; Salsabil B Maulida; Ella Zomer; Danny Liew. Productivity burden of smoking in Australia: a life table modelling study. Tobacco Control 2018, 28, 297 -304.
AMA StyleAlice J Owen, Salsabil B Maulida, Ella Zomer, Danny Liew. Productivity burden of smoking in Australia: a life table modelling study. Tobacco Control. 2018; 28 (3):297-304.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlice J Owen; Salsabil B Maulida; Ella Zomer; Danny Liew. 2018. "Productivity burden of smoking in Australia: a life table modelling study." Tobacco Control 28, no. 3: 297-304.
Although a high level of alcohol consumption is associated with cardiomyopathy, the benefit or risk of moderate alcohol consumption on incident heart failure (HF) is unknown. This study examined the association between alcohol consumption and risk for HF in older adults with hypertension. The study analyzed data from a cohort of 6,083 participants aged 65 to 84 years at baseline (1995 to 2001) followed for a median of 10.8 years during and after the Second Australian National Blood Pressure Study. Frequency and amount of alcohol consumption were self-reported at baseline and during the clinical trial. The percentages of current drinkers, former drinkers, and never-drinkers at baseline were 4,400 (72%), 394 (6%), and 1,289 (21%), respectively. Incident HF was diagnosed in 183 men and 136 women. After adjustment for multiple confounders, alcohol consumption was not significantly associated with HF. Compared with never-drinkers, the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for those who consume 1 to 7, 8 to 14, and >14 drinks/week at baseline were 0.87 (0.59 to 1.30), 0.96 (0.57 to 1.60), and 0.71 (0.25 to 2.02), respectively in women, and 0.81 (0.47 to 1.38), 0.77 (0.43 to 1.38), and 1.04 (0.59 to 1.84), respectively in men. The findings of lack of an association between alcohol consumption and risk of HF persisted in the analyses comparing the risk of HF across each level of drinking at baseline or at follow-up with never-drinkers. In the present study, there was no evidence for benefit or risk of alcohol consumption, reported at baseline or at follow-up, in relation to incident HF in both men and women.
Berhe W. Sahle; Alice J. Owen; Lindon M.H. Wing; Lawrence J. Beilin; Mark R. Nelson; Garry L.R. Jennings; Christopher M. Reid. Relation of Alcohol Consumption to Risk of Heart Failure in Patients Aged 65 to 84 Years With Hypertension. The American Journal of Cardiology 2018, 122, 1352 -1358.
AMA StyleBerhe W. Sahle, Alice J. Owen, Lindon M.H. Wing, Lawrence J. Beilin, Mark R. Nelson, Garry L.R. Jennings, Christopher M. Reid. Relation of Alcohol Consumption to Risk of Heart Failure in Patients Aged 65 to 84 Years With Hypertension. The American Journal of Cardiology. 2018; 122 (8):1352-1358.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBerhe W. Sahle; Alice J. Owen; Lindon M.H. Wing; Lawrence J. Beilin; Mark R. Nelson; Garry L.R. Jennings; Christopher M. Reid. 2018. "Relation of Alcohol Consumption to Risk of Heart Failure in Patients Aged 65 to 84 Years With Hypertension." The American Journal of Cardiology 122, no. 8: 1352-1358.