Improving urban land green use efficiency (ULGUE) is an effective way to increase social, economic, and ecological benefits and achieve regional sustainable development goals. This study takes three batches of low-carbon pilot cities construction as a quasi-natural experiment and investigates the impact of low-carbon pilot construction on ULGUE through the multi-period difference-in-differences method and spatial Dubin difference model (SDM-DID). The results show that (1) from 2006 to 2019, ULGUE in China increased. From the aspect of space, ULGUE in China gradually decreased from west to east, showing an obviously high agglomeration phenomenon in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei and the Pearl River Delta; (2) after the robustness test, parallel trend test, and endogenous test, it is found that the conclusion that the low-carbon pilot construction can effectively improve ULGUE is still relevant and can indirectly improve ULGUE in the local region through fund allocation, talent gathering, and industrialization; and (3) the national ULGUE has significant positive spatial correlation. The results of the SDM-DID model confirm that the low-carbon pilot policy can produce the significant spatial spillover and drive the common advance of ULGUE in neighboring regions. Therefore, the resources and environmental conditions in each city are supposed to be taken into full consideration theoretically. Furthermore, it is necessary to effectively promote the development of ULGUE by strengthening the linkage of green production factors between different cities, so as to make meaningful contributions to promoting China’s overall green development.

Industrial The upgrading of industrial structure, as the main means of urban economic transformation, plays a crucial role in the process of achieving urban economic resilience construction. We conducted a study on the nonlinear impact mechanism of industrial structure upgrading on urban economic resilience based on panel data from 267 prefecture-level and above-level cities and above in China from 2008 to 2021, using globalization as a threshold variable. The obtained results demonstrated the following: (1) there existed a significant nonlinear relationship between industrial structure upgrading and rationalization and urban economic resilience, with a significant double threshold effect. (2) A robustness test was performed by removing extreme values from the sample, controlling for the time series and individual interaction terms while considering control variables, which did not change the basic conclusions based on the model. This demonstrated that the threshold regression model constructed in this study is robust and reliable. (3) From a regional heterogeneity perspective, the impact of industrial structure upgrading on urban economic resilience varied among different regions. Notably, industrial structure upgrading imposed a significant double threshold effect on urban economic resilience in the eastern and central regions, manifested as an inverted U-shaped trend. In the northeastern region, there was only a single threshold effect with globalization as the threshold variable, which still occurred on the left side of the inverted U-shaped curve, while no threshold effect was observed in the western region.