Investment loss tolerance refers to an investor’s willingness to hold financial instruments after experiencing value declines and is considered essential to long-term investment success. Financial literacy, comprising financial knowledge, attitude, and behavior, has been widely identified as a key factor in promoting rational financial decisions. A recent study by Homma et al. suggests that the three components can help prevent panic selling during market crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. However, that study relies on binary behavioral indicators within crisis-specific contexts, limiting the generalizability of their findings. To address these gaps, the present study quantitatively measures investment loss tolerance using a generalized hypothetical loss scenario and investigates the associations of financial literacy components. Using a large-scale dataset of 161,223 active investors from one of Japan’s largest online securities firms, we conducted ordered probit and probit regression analyses while controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, and psychological factors. The results reveal that financial knowledge, attitude, and behavior all have statistically significant positive effects on investment loss tolerance. These findings indicate that financial literacy enhances investors’ capacity to withstand losses and discourages premature asset liquidation, even outside crisis-specific contexts. The evidence supports policies aimed at improving financial literacy to foster more resilient investor behavior and promote long-term financial well-being.

This study investigates the relationship between digital financial literacy (DFL) and hyperbolic discounting among 104,993 active securities account holders in Japan. As digital financial services expand rapidly, individuals increasingly require not only traditional financial knowledge but also the capacity to understand digital platforms, evaluate online financial information, and manage emerging technological risks. Using data from the 2025 wave of the Survey on Life and Money, hyperbolic discounting is measured through intertemporal monetary choice scenarios, while DFL is constructed as a multidimensional index encompassing digital knowledge, financial knowledge, service awareness, attitudes, behaviors, practical capability, and protection against digital fraud. Probit regression results reveal a statistically significant negative association between DFL and hyperbolic discounting, indicating that individuals with stronger digital financial competencies are less likely to exhibit hyperbolic discounting. Attitudinal components of DFL exhibit the strongest effects, suggesting that internalized financial beliefs may play a more decisive role than technical knowledge in promoting time-consistent decision-making. Subsample analyses further highlight gender-differentiated patterns in demographic and economic influences on present bias. These findings contribute to behavioral finance by integrating digital capability into intertemporal choice research and provide policy-relevant implications for designing comprehensive financial education and digital literacy initiatives in increasingly digitalized financial environments.