Background/Objectives: Phytotherapy, the use of plant-derived bioactive compounds for therapeutic purposes, has gained increasing attention in dentistry as a natural, well-tolerated, and culturally acceptable adjunct to conventional treatments. In pediatric dentistry, its potential relevance lies in its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, which may support oral health, caries prevention, pulp vitality, and gingival health. This narrative review aimed to summarize the current clinical evidence regarding the application of phytotherapeutic agents in pediatric oral care. Methods: A narrative review was conducted according to SANRA guidelines, including clinical studies on plant-based products used for preventive or therapeutic purposes in children and adolescents. Results: Forty-three clinical studies met the inclusion criteria. The most commonly investigated agents included licorice, green tea, cocoa husk, cranberry, pomegranate, Aloe vera, and miswak. These agents demonstrated antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria, reduction in plaque and gingival indices, and favorable healing in pulp therapies. In endodontics, Aloe vera-derived acemannan and Ankaferd Blood Stopper^® showed outcomes comparable to conventional materials, while pomegranate and apple cider vinegar exhibited partial antibacterial effects as irrigants. Conclusions: Phytotherapy shows promise as a complementary approach in pediatric dentistry, contributing to caries prevention, gingivitis control, and pulp healing. However, current evidence remains limited by small sample sizes, short-term follow-ups, and heterogeneity in formulations. Further trials are required to confirm efficacy, ensure safety, and standardize phytotherapeutic applications in pediatric oral care.