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Rosdiadee Nordin is a wireless researcher, practicing professional engineer and science popularizer. He aims to connect everything wirelessly; from humans to various smart objects by taking into consideration the future implementation of the next-generation wireless technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Fifth Generation (5G) networks. He received his doctorate from the University of Bristol, United Kingdom in 2010 and since then has worked at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia as an associate professor
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a Fifth Generation (5G) technique that allows many users to simultaneously access the same time–frequency separating channels via successive interference cancellation (SIC) receiver. Cooperative NOMA (CNOMA) is an effective tool to prevent performance degradation of far users by allocating minimal power to users with good channel conditions. In this paper, we proposed a fair power and channel allocation scheme based on the Nash bargaining solution (NBS) game solution in full-duplex, cooperative beamforming (BF) for multicarrier (MC) NOMA. The proposed NBS scheme assigns optimal power and channel allocation according to channel conditions while maintaining a fair rate amongst cooperative users. NBS provides a fair and optimum approach for maximizing the total rate of CNOMA. The signal-to-leakage (SLR) ratio precoding technique is considered as a design performance criterion for beamforming vector towards achieving power domain CNOMA players. Simulation results show that at BER = \({10}^{-5}\), the NBS power allocation (proposed scheme) improved by 2 dB in terms of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), compared with the non-cooperative scheme, and 3 dB compared with the multiple-input multiple-output NOMA (MIMO-NOMA). Both improvements were as a result of interference reduction and information sharing in the network. In terms of fairness, the proposed NBS scheme shown a high level of fairness at 0.8401, compared to the other similar approaches in the literature.
Mohammed Fadhil; Anabi Hilary Kelechi; Rosdiadee Nordin; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Mahamod Ismail. Game Theory-Based Power Allocation Strategy for NOMA in 5G Cooperative Beamforming. Wireless Personal Communications 2021, 1 -28.
AMA StyleMohammed Fadhil, Anabi Hilary Kelechi, Rosdiadee Nordin, Nor Fadzilah Abdullah, Mahamod Ismail. Game Theory-Based Power Allocation Strategy for NOMA in 5G Cooperative Beamforming. Wireless Personal Communications. 2021; ():1-28.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed Fadhil; Anabi Hilary Kelechi; Rosdiadee Nordin; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Mahamod Ismail. 2021. "Game Theory-Based Power Allocation Strategy for NOMA in 5G Cooperative Beamforming." Wireless Personal Communications , no. : 1-28.
Currently, smart farming is considered an effective solution to enhance the productivity of farms; thereby, it has recently received broad interest from service providers to offer a wide range of applications, from pest identification to asset monitoring. Although the emergence of digital technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs), has led to significant advances in the smart farming industry, farming operations still need more efficient solutions. On the other hand, the utilization of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, is growing rapidly across many civil application domains. This paper aims to develop a farm monitoring system that incorporates UAV, LPWAN, and IoT technologies to transform the current farm management approach and aid farmers in obtaining actionable data from their farm operations. In this regard, an IoT-based water quality monitoring system was developed because water is an essential aspect in livestock development. Then, based on the Long-Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN®) technology, a multi-channel LoRaWAN® gateway was developed and integrated into a vertical takeoff and landing drone to convey collected data from the sensors to the cloud for further analysis. In addition, to develop LoRaWAN®-based aerial communication, a series of measurements and simulations were performed under different configurations and scenarios. Finally, to enhance the efficiency of aerial-based data collection, the UAV path planning was optimized. Measurement results showed that the maximum achievable LoRa coverage when operating on-air via the drone is about 10 km, and the Longley–Rice irregular terrain model provides the most suitable path loss model for the scenario of large-scale farms, and a multi-channel gateway with a spreading factor of 12 provides the most reliable communication link at a high drone speed (up to 95 km/h). Simulation results showed that the developed system can overcome the coverage limitation of LoRaWAN® and it can establish a reliable communication link over large-scale wireless sensor networks. In addition, it was shown that by optimizing flight paths, aerial data collection could be performed in a much shorter time than industrial mission planning (up to four times in our case).
Mehran Behjati; Aishah Mohd Noh; Haider Alobaidy; Muhammad Zulkifley; Rosdiadee Nordin; Nor Abdullah. LoRa Communications as an Enabler for Internet of Drones towards Large-Scale Livestock Monitoring in Rural Farms. Sensors 2021, 21, 5044 .
AMA StyleMehran Behjati, Aishah Mohd Noh, Haider Alobaidy, Muhammad Zulkifley, Rosdiadee Nordin, Nor Abdullah. LoRa Communications as an Enabler for Internet of Drones towards Large-Scale Livestock Monitoring in Rural Farms. Sensors. 2021; 21 (15):5044.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMehran Behjati; Aishah Mohd Noh; Haider Alobaidy; Muhammad Zulkifley; Rosdiadee Nordin; Nor Abdullah. 2021. "LoRa Communications as an Enabler for Internet of Drones towards Large-Scale Livestock Monitoring in Rural Farms." Sensors 21, no. 15: 5044.
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a Fifth Generation (5G) technique that allows many users to simultaneously access the same time–frequency separating channels via successive interference cancellation (SIC) receiver. Cooperative NOMA (CNOMA) is an effective tool to prevent performance degradation of far users by allocating minimal power to users with good channel conditions. In this paper, we proposed a fair power and channel allocation scheme based on the Nash bargaining solution (NBS) game solution in full-duplex, cooperative beamforming (BF) for multicarrier (MC) NOMA. The proposed NBS scheme assigns optimal power and channel allocation according to channel conditions while maintaining a fair rate amongst cooperative users. NBS provides a fair and optimum approach for maximizing the total rate of CNOMA. The signal-to-leakage (SLR) ratio precoding technique is considered as a design performance criterion for beamforming vector towards achieving power domain CNOMA players. Simulation results show that at BER = \({10}^{-5}\), the NBS power allocation (proposed scheme) improved by 2 dB in terms of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)\(\), compared with the non-cooperative scheme, and 3 dB compared with the multiple-input multiple-output NOMA (MIMO-NOMA). In terms of fairness, the proposed NBS scheme shown a high level of fairness at 0.8401, compared to the other similar approaches in the literature.
Mohammed Fadhil; Anabi Hilary Kelechi; Rosdiadee Nordin; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Mahamod Ismail. Game Theory-Based Power Allocation Strategy for NOMA in 5G Cooperative Beamforming. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleMohammed Fadhil, Anabi Hilary Kelechi, Rosdiadee Nordin, Nor Fadzilah Abdullah, Mahamod Ismail. Game Theory-Based Power Allocation Strategy for NOMA in 5G Cooperative Beamforming. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed Fadhil; Anabi Hilary Kelechi; Rosdiadee Nordin; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Mahamod Ismail. 2021. "Game Theory-Based Power Allocation Strategy for NOMA in 5G Cooperative Beamforming." , no. : 1.
To provide a new level of reliability, latency, and support a massive number of users and smart objects, a new 5G multi-services air interface needs to be addressed for the factory of the future (FoF). However, there are limitations in providing connectivity to a dynamic machine in a factory due to several strict industrial automation requirements. In particular, the strict wireless communication latency and reliability requirements are the major challenges to enable the Industry 4.0 vision. In this paper, a PHY-MAC layer cross-layer model that combines a semi-persistent scheduling at the medium access control layer and NOMA at the physical layer has been proposed to address the limitations. The work extensively investigates the performance of the factory of the future with various considerations of 5G spectrums (in this case 3.5 GHz and 28 GHz), speeds and frequency diversity. In addition, the packet error rate (PER), outage probability and throughput in MAC are evaluated in terms of network density deployment (sparse, moderate, dense), different kinds of speed; 0 km/h, 3 km/h, 7 km/h and 10 km/h, under two 5G frequency spectrums. Through extensive simulations, the considered 5G system parameters produced better results in terms of reliability, where the results showed that the frequency diversity outperformed non-diversity by 2 dB. In a sparse network, the PER results showed better results compared to the dense network density by 2 dB (MMSE), 8 dB (LS-Linear) and 2 dB (LS-Spline). Besides that, robotics in sparse network density and stationary exhibited the best PER results, which is as low as 10 −7 . Moreover, the performance of mid-band frequency outperformed the high-band frequency by 1.8dB (MMSE) in dense condition and 1.5 dB (MMSE) in sparse deployment at PER = 10 −6 . Hence, this study could be a useful insight for the factory of the future services that are utilizing a 5G mid-band spectrum as well as a high-band spectrum.
Athirah Mohd Ramly; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Rosdiadee Nordin. Cross-Layer Design and Performance Analysis for Ultra-Reliable Factory of the Future Based on 5G Mobile Networks. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 68161 -68175.
AMA StyleAthirah Mohd Ramly, Nor Fadzilah Abdullah, Rosdiadee Nordin. Cross-Layer Design and Performance Analysis for Ultra-Reliable Factory of the Future Based on 5G Mobile Networks. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 ():68161-68175.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAthirah Mohd Ramly; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Rosdiadee Nordin. 2021. "Cross-Layer Design and Performance Analysis for Ultra-Reliable Factory of the Future Based on 5G Mobile Networks." IEEE Access 9, no. : 68161-68175.
Conventional and license-free radio-controlled drone activities are limited to a line-of-sight (LoS) operational range. One of the alternatives to operate the drones beyond the visual line-of-sight (BVLoS) range is replacing the drone wireless communications system from the conventional industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) radio band to a licensed cellular-connected system. The Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology that has been established for the terrestrial area allows command-and-control and payload communications between drone and ground station in real-time. However, with increasing height above the ground, the radio environment changes, and utilizing terrestrial cellular networks for drone communications may face new challenges. In this regard, this paper aims to develop an LTE-based control system prototype for low altitude small drones and investigate the feasibility and performance of drone cellular connectivity at different altitudes with measuring parameters such as latency, handover, and signal strength. The measurement results have shown that by increasing flight height from ground to 170 m the received signal power and the signal quality levels were reduced by 20 dBm and 10 dB respectively, the downlink data rate decreased to 70%, and latency increased up to 94 ms. It is concluded that although the existing LTE network can provide a minimum requirement for drone cellular connectivity, further improvements are still needed to enhance aerial coverage, eliminate interference, and reduce network latency.
Muhammad Zulkifley; Mehran Behjati; Rosdiadee Nordin; Mohamad Zakaria. Mobile Network Performance and Technical Feasibility of LTE-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Sensors 2021, 21, 2848 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Zulkifley, Mehran Behjati, Rosdiadee Nordin, Mohamad Zakaria. Mobile Network Performance and Technical Feasibility of LTE-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Sensors. 2021; 21 (8):2848.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Zulkifley; Mehran Behjati; Rosdiadee Nordin; Mohamad Zakaria. 2021. "Mobile Network Performance and Technical Feasibility of LTE-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." Sensors 21, no. 8: 2848.
The problem of joint power and admission control (JPAC) is a critical issue encountered in underlay cognitive radio networks (CRNs). Moving forward towards the realization of Fifth Generation (5G) and beyond, where optimization is envisioned to take place in multiple performance dimensions, it is crucially desirable to achieve high sum throughput with low power consumption. In this work, a multi-objective JPAC optimization problem that jointly maximizes the sum throughput and minimizes power consumption in underlay CRNs is formulated. An enhanced swarm intelligence algorithm has been developed by hybridizing two new enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) variants, namely two-phase PSO (TPPSO) and diversity global position binary PSO (DGP-BPSO) variants employed to optimize the multi-objective JPAC problem. The performance of the enhanced swarm intelligence algorithm in terms of convergence speed and stability, while optimizing both the sum throughput and power consumption, is investigated under three different operational scenarios defined by their single objective priorities, which translate to sum throughput and power consumption preferences. Simulation results have proven the effectiveness of the enhanced swarm intelligence algorithm in achieving high sum throughput and low power consumption under the three operational scenarios when the network includes an arbitrary number of primary and secondary users. Comparing the hybrid SPSO approach and the proposed approach, the proposed scheme has shown its effectiveness in increasing the sum throughput to 7%, 16%, and 31% under the multimedia, balanced and power saving operational scenarios, respectively. In addition, the proposed approach is more power efficient as it can provide additional power savings of 3.58 W, 2.48 W, and 1.6741 W under the aforementioned operational scenarios, respectively.
Ayman A. El-Saleh; Tareq M. Shami; Rosdiadee Nordin; Mohamad Y. Alias; Ibraheem Shayea. Multi-Objective Optimization of Joint Power and Admission Control in Cognitive Radio Networks Using Enhanced Swarm Intelligence. Electronics 2021, 10, 189 .
AMA StyleAyman A. El-Saleh, Tareq M. Shami, Rosdiadee Nordin, Mohamad Y. Alias, Ibraheem Shayea. Multi-Objective Optimization of Joint Power and Admission Control in Cognitive Radio Networks Using Enhanced Swarm Intelligence. Electronics. 2021; 10 (2):189.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAyman A. El-Saleh; Tareq M. Shami; Rosdiadee Nordin; Mohamad Y. Alias; Ibraheem Shayea. 2021. "Multi-Objective Optimization of Joint Power and Admission Control in Cognitive Radio Networks Using Enhanced Swarm Intelligence." Electronics 10, no. 2: 189.
The development of the smart grid (SG) has the potential to bring significant improvements to the energy generation, transmission, and distribution sectors. Hence, adequate handling of fluctuating energy demands is required. This can only be achieved by implementing the concept of transactive energy. Transactive energy aims to optimize energy production, transmission, and distribution combined with next-generation hardware and software, making it a challenge for implementation at a national level, and to ensure the effective collaboration of energy exchange between consumers and producers, a serverless architecture based on functionality can make significant contributions to the smart grids advanced metering infrastructure (SG-AMI). In this paper, a scalable serverless SG-AMI architecture is proposed based on fog-edge computing, virtualization consideration, and Function as a service (FaaS) as a services model to increase the operational flexibility, increase the system performance, and reduce the total cost of ownership. The design was benchmarked against the Iraqi Ministry of Electricity (MOELC) proposed designs for the smart grid, and it was evaluated based on the MOELC traditional computing-design, and a related cloud computing-based design. The results show that our proposed design offers an improvement of 20% to 65% performance on network traffic load, latency, and time to respond, with a reduction of 50% to 67% on the total cost of ownership, lower power and cooling consumption compared to the SG design proposed by MOELC. From this paper, it can be observed that a robust roadmap for SG-AMI architecture can effectively contribute towards increasing the scalability and interoperability, automation, and standardization of the energy sector.
Ammar Albayati; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Asma Abu-Samah; Ammar Hussein Mutlag; Rosdiadee Nordin. A Serverless Advanced Metering Infrastructure Based on Fog-Edge Computing for a Smart Grid: A Comparison Study for Energy Sector in Iraq. Energies 2020, 13, 5460 .
AMA StyleAmmar Albayati, Nor Fadzilah Abdullah, Asma Abu-Samah, Ammar Hussein Mutlag, Rosdiadee Nordin. A Serverless Advanced Metering Infrastructure Based on Fog-Edge Computing for a Smart Grid: A Comparison Study for Energy Sector in Iraq. Energies. 2020; 13 (20):5460.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmmar Albayati; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Asma Abu-Samah; Ammar Hussein Mutlag; Rosdiadee Nordin. 2020. "A Serverless Advanced Metering Infrastructure Based on Fog-Edge Computing for a Smart Grid: A Comparison Study for Energy Sector in Iraq." Energies 13, no. 20: 5460.
The performance of a massive multi-user Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) system, operating in Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode, severely degrades under imperfect Channel State Information (CSI). Among the main challenges toward the acquisition of sufficiently accurate CSI at the transmitter is the issue of enormous CSI feedback overhead. In this paper, a novel interference cancellation strategy is proposed to alleviate the overhead. The concept of a device-to-device based interference cancellation strategy was hinted in some prior works but has not been fully exploited in the multi-user MIMO systems, especially when the number of antennas becomes large. Hence, this paper aims to exploit the potential of User Equipment (UE) cooperation to reduce the dependency of precoder at the transmitter to the accuracy of CSI. To do so, adjacent pieces of UE that experience correlated CSI are clustered in a similar group, jointly adjusting their receive antenna combining the weight vector to maximize the channel vector orthogonality. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy reduces the dependency of system performance on the accuracy of CSI feedback; moreover, compared to the conventional limited feedback strategy, a larger number of antennas can be deployed at the transmitter.
Mehran Behjati; Rosdiadee Nordin; Mohammed Alsharif. A User Cooperation Approach for Interference Cancellation in FDD Massive MIMO Systems. Electronics 2020, 9, 1679 .
AMA StyleMehran Behjati, Rosdiadee Nordin, Mohammed Alsharif. A User Cooperation Approach for Interference Cancellation in FDD Massive MIMO Systems. Electronics. 2020; 9 (10):1679.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMehran Behjati; Rosdiadee Nordin; Mohammed Alsharif. 2020. "A User Cooperation Approach for Interference Cancellation in FDD Massive MIMO Systems." Electronics 9, no. 10: 1679.
Ensuring a seamless connection during the mobility of various User Equipment (UE) will be one of the major challenges facing the practical implementation of the Fifth Generation (5G) networks and beyond. Several key determinants will significantly contribute to numerous mobility challenges. One of the most important determinants is the use of millimeter waves (mm-waves) as it is characterized by high path loss. The inclusion of various types of small coverage Base Stations (BSs), such as Picocell, Femtocell and drone-based BSs is another challenge. Other issues include the use of Dual Connectivity (DC), Carrier Aggregation (CA), the massive growth of mobiles connections, network diversity, the emergence of connected drones (as BS or UE), ultra-dense network, inefficient optimization processes, central optimization operation, partial optimization, complex relation in optimization operations, and the use of inefficient handover decision algorithms. The relationship between these processes and diverse wireless technologies can cause growing concerns in relation to handover associated with mobility. The risk becomes critical with high mobility speed scenarios. Therefore, mobility issues and their determinants must be efficiently addressed. This paper aims to provide an overview of mobility management in 5G networks. The work examines key factors that will significantly contribute to the increase of mobility issues. Furthermore, the innovative, advanced, efficient, and smart handover techniques that have been introduced in 5G networks are discussed. The study also highlights the main challenges facing UEs‘ mobility as well as future research directions on mobility management in 5G networks and beyond
Ibraheem Shayea; Mustafa Ergen; Marwan Hadri Azmi; Sultan Aldirmaz Colak; Rosdiadee Nordin; Yousef Ibrahim Daradkeh. Key Challenges, Drivers and Solutions for Mobility Management in 5G Networks: A Survey. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 172534 -172552.
AMA StyleIbraheem Shayea, Mustafa Ergen, Marwan Hadri Azmi, Sultan Aldirmaz Colak, Rosdiadee Nordin, Yousef Ibrahim Daradkeh. Key Challenges, Drivers and Solutions for Mobility Management in 5G Networks: A Survey. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):172534-172552.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIbraheem Shayea; Mustafa Ergen; Marwan Hadri Azmi; Sultan Aldirmaz Colak; Rosdiadee Nordin; Yousef Ibrahim Daradkeh. 2020. "Key Challenges, Drivers and Solutions for Mobility Management in 5G Networks: A Survey." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 172534-172552.
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has been proposed recently as an emerging radio access technology for the Fifth Generation (5G) to achieve high spectral efficiency (SE). In addition, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) has been receiving exceptional attention because of its role in increasing energy efficiency (EE). In this paper, the performance of the downlink SWIPT-NOMA system has been evaluated. In this paper, signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) is derived for near and far users with outage probability for each user, where the near user acts as an energy harvesting (EH) node. The Genetic algorithm (GA) is used as an optimization technique for the power splitting ratio and power allocation coefficients to maximize the EE under eligible SE. The outage probability for the near and far user is taken into consideration for the optimization process. In this work, the results from the SE–EE metric show that the maximum EE reached 0.325 Mbits/J at SE of 9 bits/sec/Hz.
Admoon Andrawes; Rosdiadee Nordin; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah. Energy-Efficient Downlink for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access with SWIPT under Constrained Throughput. Energies 2019, 13, 107 .
AMA StyleAdmoon Andrawes, Rosdiadee Nordin, Nor Fadzilah Abdullah. Energy-Efficient Downlink for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access with SWIPT under Constrained Throughput. Energies. 2019; 13 (1):107.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdmoon Andrawes; Rosdiadee Nordin; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah. 2019. "Energy-Efficient Downlink for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access with SWIPT under Constrained Throughput." Energies 13, no. 1: 107.
The demand for higher data traffic is exponentially growing. Since last 2 years or so, new research movements have emerged towards LTE-B (Release 13 and beyond) and 5th generation (5G) networks. As the next generation of cellular networks are going to be an integration of different radio access technologies and denser in term of space and frequency, the problem of interference management becomes more vital and challenging for academic and industrial units. One of the main technical challenges of interference management in the frequency division duplex system is the issue of channel state information (CSI) feedback overhead. Accordingly, this article briefly overviews the key candidate technologies for LTE-B and 5G and as well as to addresses their features and problems from the interference management perspective. Then, the problem of limited feedback in the multi-user MIMO systems is formulated and discussed. Afterward, the performance of distributed antenna systems is investigated under imperfect CSI and different phases of limited feedback technique. It is shown that accuracy of CSI feedback plays a vital role towards the realization of next generation of cellular systems. Finally, the future research directions are addressed in this domain.
Mehran Behjati; Mohammad Hasbullah Mazlan; Athirah Mohd Ramly; Rosdiadee Nordin; Mahamod Ismail. What is the Value of Limited Feedback for Next Generation of Cellular Systems? Wireless Personal Communications 2019, 110, 1127 -1142.
AMA StyleMehran Behjati, Mohammad Hasbullah Mazlan, Athirah Mohd Ramly, Rosdiadee Nordin, Mahamod Ismail. What is the Value of Limited Feedback for Next Generation of Cellular Systems? Wireless Personal Communications. 2019; 110 (3):1127-1142.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMehran Behjati; Mohammad Hasbullah Mazlan; Athirah Mohd Ramly; Rosdiadee Nordin; Mahamod Ismail. 2019. "What is the Value of Limited Feedback for Next Generation of Cellular Systems?" Wireless Personal Communications 110, no. 3: 1127-1142.
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have received significant attention in the last few years in the agriculture field. Among the major challenges for sensor nodes’ deployment in agriculture is the path loss in the presence of dense grass or the height of trees. This results in degradation of communication link quality due to absorption, scattering, and attenuation through the crop’s foliage or trees. In this study, two new path-loss models were formulated based on the MATLAB curve-fitting tool for ZigBee WSN in a farm field. The path loss between the router node (mounted on a drone) and the coordinator node was modeled and derived based on the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm in the farm field. Two path-loss models were formulated based on exponential (EXP) and polynomial (POLY) functions. Both functions were combined with PSO, namely, the hybrid EXP-PSO and POLY-PSO algorithms, to find the optimal coefficients of functions that would result in accurate path-loss models. The results show that the hybrid EXP-PSO and POLY-PSO models noticeably improved the coefficient of determination (R2) of the regression line, with the mean absolute error (MAE) found to be 1.6 and 2.7 dBm for EXP-PSO and POLY-PSO algorithms. The achieved R2 in this study outperformed the previous state-of-the-art models. An accurate path-loss model is essential for smart agriculture application to determine the behavior of the propagated signals and to deploy the nodes in the WSN in a position that ensures data communication without unnecessary packets’ loss between nodes.
Haider Mahmood Jawad; Aqeel Mahmood Jawad; Rosdiadee Nordin; Sadik Kamel Gharghan; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Mahamod Ismail; Mahmood Jawad Abu-Al Shaeer. Accurate Empirical Path-Loss Model Based on Particle Swarm Optimization for Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Agriculture. IEEE Sensors Journal 2019, 20, 552 -561.
AMA StyleHaider Mahmood Jawad, Aqeel Mahmood Jawad, Rosdiadee Nordin, Sadik Kamel Gharghan, Nor Fadzilah Abdullah, Mahamod Ismail, Mahmood Jawad Abu-Al Shaeer. Accurate Empirical Path-Loss Model Based on Particle Swarm Optimization for Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Agriculture. IEEE Sensors Journal. 2019; 20 (1):552-561.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHaider Mahmood Jawad; Aqeel Mahmood Jawad; Rosdiadee Nordin; Sadik Kamel Gharghan; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Mahamod Ismail; Mahmood Jawad Abu-Al Shaeer. 2019. "Accurate Empirical Path-Loss Model Based on Particle Swarm Optimization for Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Agriculture." IEEE Sensors Journal 20, no. 1: 552-561.
Network latency will be a critical performance metric for the Fifth Generation (5G) networks expected to be fully rolled out in 2020 through the IMT-2020 project. The multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) technology is a key enabler for the 5G massive connectivity criterion, especially from the massive densification perspective. Naturally, it appears that 5G MU-MIMO will face a daunting task to achieve an end-to-end 1 ms ultra-low latency budget if traditional network set-ups criteria are strictly adhered to. Moreover, 5G latency will have added dimensions of scalability and flexibility compared to prior existing deployed technologies. The scalability dimension caters for meeting rapid demand as new applications evolve. While flexibility complements the scalability dimension by investigating novel non-stacked protocol architecture. The goal of this review paper is to deploy ultra-low latency reduction framework for 5G communications considering flexibility and scalability. The Four (4) C framework consisting of cost, complexity, cross-layer and computing is hereby analyzed and discussed. The Four (4) C framework discusses several emerging new technologies of software defined network (SDN), network function virtualization (NFV) and fog networking. This review paper will contribute significantly towards the future implementation of flexible and high capacity ultra-low latency 5G communications.
Anabi Hilary Kelechi; Mohammed H. Alsharif; Athirah Mohd Ramly; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Rosdiadee Nordin. The Four-C Framework for High Capacity Ultra-Low Latency in 5G Networks: A Review. Energies 2019, 12, 3449 .
AMA StyleAnabi Hilary Kelechi, Mohammed H. Alsharif, Athirah Mohd Ramly, Nor Fadzilah Abdullah, Rosdiadee Nordin. The Four-C Framework for High Capacity Ultra-Low Latency in 5G Networks: A Review. Energies. 2019; 12 (18):3449.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnabi Hilary Kelechi; Mohammed H. Alsharif; Athirah Mohd Ramly; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Rosdiadee Nordin. 2019. "The Four-C Framework for High Capacity Ultra-Low Latency in 5G Networks: A Review." Energies 12, no. 18: 3449.
Wake-up radio is a promising approach to mitigate the problem of idle listening, which incurs additional power consumption for the Internet of Things (IoT) wireless transmission. Radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting technique allows the wake-up radio to remain in a deep sleep and only become active after receiving an external RF signal to ‘wake-up’ the radio, thus eliminating necessary hardware and signal processing to perform idle listening, resulting in higher energy efficiency. This review paper focuses on cross-layer; physical and media access control (PHY and MAC) approaches on passive wake-up radio based on the previous works from the literature. First, an explanation of the circuit design and system architecture of the passive wake-up radios is presented. Afterward, the previous works on RF energy harvesting techniques and the existing passive wake-up radio hardware architectures available in the literature are surveyed and classified. An evaluation of the various MAC protocols utilized for the novel passive wake-up radio technologies is presented. Finally, the paper highlights the potential research opportunities and practical challenges related to the practical implementation of wake-up technology for future IoT applications.
Hilal Bello; Zeng Xiaoping; Rosdiadee Nordin; Jian Xin. Advances and Opportunities in Passive Wake-Up Radios with Wireless Energy Harvesting for the Internet of Things Applications. Sensors 2019, 19, 3078 .
AMA StyleHilal Bello, Zeng Xiaoping, Rosdiadee Nordin, Jian Xin. Advances and Opportunities in Passive Wake-Up Radios with Wireless Energy Harvesting for the Internet of Things Applications. Sensors. 2019; 19 (14):3078.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHilal Bello; Zeng Xiaoping; Rosdiadee Nordin; Jian Xin. 2019. "Advances and Opportunities in Passive Wake-Up Radios with Wireless Energy Harvesting for the Internet of Things Applications." Sensors 19, no. 14: 3078.
Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet) requires the deployment of small cell networks that can co-exist with the existing macro-cell. To provide a high Quality of Service (QoS), a massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) must be equipped with a HetNet of a macro-cell base station to the multiple users. This paper highlights three important aspects of the emerging small cell wireless networks. First, the architectures of small cell networks in LTE wireless network is reviewed, with specific references to the current wireless network standards. Second, the performance evaluation of overlay small cells integrated with the underlay macro-cell is investigated. The third part of this study focuses on the future trends of small cell deployment in 5G and the critical technical preparation needs to be done to allow integration with the existing 4G network. The results show that the proposed integration of 5G small cells into existing macro 4G networks has improved both of the data rate (91.46%) and energy efficiency (98.66%).
Mohammed H. Alsharif; Rosdiadee Nordin; Mohammed Mudhafer Shakir; Athirah Mohd Ramly. Small Cells Integration with the Macro-Cell Under LTE Cellular Networks and Potential Extension for 5G. Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology 2019, 14, 2455 -2465.
AMA StyleMohammed H. Alsharif, Rosdiadee Nordin, Mohammed Mudhafer Shakir, Athirah Mohd Ramly. Small Cells Integration with the Macro-Cell Under LTE Cellular Networks and Potential Extension for 5G. Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology. 2019; 14 (6):2455-2465.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed H. Alsharif; Rosdiadee Nordin; Mohammed Mudhafer Shakir; Athirah Mohd Ramly. 2019. "Small Cells Integration with the Macro-Cell Under LTE Cellular Networks and Potential Extension for 5G." Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology 14, no. 6: 2455-2465.
The reuse of the same pilot group across cells to address bandwidth limitations in a network has resulted in pilot contamination. This causes severe inter-cell interference at the targeted cell. Pilot contamination is associated with multicell massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems which degrades the system performance even when extra arrays of antennas are added to the network. In this paper, we propose an efficient pilot assignment (EPA) scheme to address this issue by maximizing the minimum uplink rate of the target cell’s users. To achieve this, we exploit the large-scale characteristics of the fading channel to minimize the amount of outgoing inter-cell interference at the target cell. Results from the simulation show that the EPA scheme outperforms both the conventional and the smart pilot assignment (SPA) schemes by reducing the effect of inter-cell interference. These results, show that the EPA scheme has significantly improved the system performance in terms of achievable uplink rate and cumulative distribution function (CDF) for both signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), and uplink rate.
Ahmed S. Al-Hubaishi; Nor Kamariah Noordin; Aduwati Sali; Shamala Subramaniam; Ali Mohammed Mansoor. An Efficient Pilot Assignment Scheme for Addressing Pilot Contamination in Multicell Massive MIMO Systems. Electronics 2019, 8, 372 .
AMA StyleAhmed S. Al-Hubaishi, Nor Kamariah Noordin, Aduwati Sali, Shamala Subramaniam, Ali Mohammed Mansoor. An Efficient Pilot Assignment Scheme for Addressing Pilot Contamination in Multicell Massive MIMO Systems. Electronics. 2019; 8 (4):372.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed S. Al-Hubaishi; Nor Kamariah Noordin; Aduwati Sali; Shamala Subramaniam; Ali Mohammed Mansoor. 2019. "An Efficient Pilot Assignment Scheme for Addressing Pilot Contamination in Multicell Massive MIMO Systems." Electronics 8, no. 4: 372.
One of the most notable challenges in wireless communications is energy scarcity, which has attracted considerable attention in Fifth Generation (5G) wireless network research. This paper investigates the performance of energy harvesting (EH) relays under the best relay selection (BRS) scheme. The results show degradation of spectral efficiency (SE) due to EH relaying compared with conventional cooperative relaying (CR). Conversely, EH relaying provides a positive gain compared with conventional CR, increasing the lifetime of the network and decreasing energy consumption (EC) and operational cost. Moreover, the EH relaying network has better energy efficiency (EE) compared with conventional relaying networks. Results show that when EH relaying is applied, EE is improved through an increased number of relays. Finally, the SE-EE metric is presented for both conventional and EH relays. Results show that the performance of the proposed technique was able to achieve a maximum SE of 1.4 bits/s/Hz and maximum EE at 0.6 bits/s/Hz, and for the case of conventional relays, a maximum SE of 2 bits/s/Hz and EE at 1.1 bits/s/Hz. This result implies that the proposed EH scheme provides an optimum solution for energy-constrained wireless CR systems.
Admoon Andrawes; Rosdiadee Nordin; Mahamod Ismail. Wireless Energy Harvesting with Cooperative Relaying under the Best Relay Selection Scheme. Energies 2019, 12, 892 .
AMA StyleAdmoon Andrawes, Rosdiadee Nordin, Mahamod Ismail. Wireless Energy Harvesting with Cooperative Relaying under the Best Relay Selection Scheme. Energies. 2019; 12 (5):892.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdmoon Andrawes; Rosdiadee Nordin; Mahamod Ismail. 2019. "Wireless Energy Harvesting with Cooperative Relaying under the Best Relay Selection Scheme." Energies 12, no. 5: 892.
This paper investigated the throughput performance of a secondary user (SU) for a random primary user (PU) activity in a realistic experimental model. This paper proposed a sensing and frame duration of the SU to maximize the SU throughput under the collision probability constraint. The throughput of the SU and the probability of collisions depend on the pattern of PU activities. The pattern of PU activity was obtained and modelled from the experimental data that measure the wireless local area network (WLAN) environment. The WLAN signal has detected the transmission opportunity length (TOL) which was analyzed and clustered into large and small durations in the CTOL model. The performance of the SU is then analyzed and compared with static and dynamic PU models. The results showed that the SU throughput in the CTOL model was higher than the static and dynamic models by almost 45% and 12.2% respectively. Furthermore, the probability of collisions in the network and the SU throughput were influenced by the value of the minimum contention window and the maximum back-off stage. The simulation results revealed that the higher contention window had worsened the SU throughput even though the channel has a higher number of TOLs.
Mas Haslinda Mohamad; Aduwati Sali; Fazirulhisyam Hashim; Rosdiadee Nordin; Osamu Takyu. Clustering Transmission Opportunity Length (CTOL) Model over Cognitive Radio Network. Sensors 2018, 18, 4351 .
AMA StyleMas Haslinda Mohamad, Aduwati Sali, Fazirulhisyam Hashim, Rosdiadee Nordin, Osamu Takyu. Clustering Transmission Opportunity Length (CTOL) Model over Cognitive Radio Network. Sensors. 2018; 18 (12):4351.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMas Haslinda Mohamad; Aduwati Sali; Fazirulhisyam Hashim; Rosdiadee Nordin; Osamu Takyu. 2018. "Clustering Transmission Opportunity Length (CTOL) Model over Cognitive Radio Network." Sensors 18, no. 12: 4351.
Channel rendezvous is an initial and important process for establishing communications between secondary users (SUs) in distributed cognitive radio networks. Due to the drawbacks of the common control channel (CCC) based rendezvous approach, channel hopping (CH) has attracted a lot of research interests for achieving blind rendezvous. To ensure rendezvous within a finite time, most of the existing CH-based rendezvous schemes generate their CH sequences based on the whole global channel set in the network. However, due to the spatial and temporal variations in channel availabilities as well as the limitation of SUs sensing capabilities, the local available channel set (ACS) for each SU is usually a small subset of the global set. Therefore, following these global-based generated CH sequences can result in extensively long time-to-rendezvous (TTR) especially when the number of unavailable channels is large. In this paper, we propose two matrix-based CH rendezvous schemes in which the CH sequences are generated based on the ACSs only. We prove the guaranteed and full diversity rendezvous of the proposed schemes by deriving the theoretical upper bounds of their maximum TTRs. Furthermore, extensive simulation comparisons with other existing works are conducted which illustrate the superior performance of our schemes in terms of the TTR metrics.
Abdulmajid Al-Mqdashi; Aduwati Sali; Nor Kamariah Noordin; Shaiful J. Hashim; Rosdiadee Nordin. Efficient Matrix-Based Channel Hopping Schemes for Blind Rendezvous in Distributed Cognitive Radio Networks. Sensors 2018, 18, 4360 .
AMA StyleAbdulmajid Al-Mqdashi, Aduwati Sali, Nor Kamariah Noordin, Shaiful J. Hashim, Rosdiadee Nordin. Efficient Matrix-Based Channel Hopping Schemes for Blind Rendezvous in Distributed Cognitive Radio Networks. Sensors. 2018; 18 (12):4360.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdulmajid Al-Mqdashi; Aduwati Sali; Nor Kamariah Noordin; Shaiful J. Hashim; Rosdiadee Nordin. 2018. "Efficient Matrix-Based Channel Hopping Schemes for Blind Rendezvous in Distributed Cognitive Radio Networks." Sensors 18, no. 12: 4360.
The upcoming fifth-generation wireless mobile systems are projected to be commercialized in the year 2020 and are set to play the main role in massive multiple input-multiple output (mMIMO) integrated with the technologies of beamforming antenna arrays. However, the performance of mMIMO is constrained by inter-cell interference from adjacent cells triggered by the reused pilot, an issue termed pilot contamination. To address this issue, this paper focuses on mitigating pilot contamination by implementing a suboptimal spatial source detection method based on the beamforming approach using a two-dimension-unitary estimation of the signal parameters through rotational invariance techniques algorithm. We jointly used 2D-AOA information (azimuth and elevation angles) and statistical channel estimations at the BSs to identify the channels correlation condition and evaluate the sum rate performance of users based on AOA. The detected signals from the uniform rectangular array are used to segregate the required signal from the interfering signal without any change to the pilot construction of the training signals. The performance of the minimum mean squared error beamforming (MMSE-beamforming) technique in the multi-cell mMIMO system of the aforementioned method is numerically evaluated and then compared with conventional methods that depend only on pilot identity information. The simulation reveals that the achievable sum rate gains of 2D-AOA and the pilot identity information techniques (best case) with respect to deterministic MMSE are 96.3% and 85.4%, respectively, thus showing the prospect of eliminating the majority of pilot contamination using the 2D-AOA estimation.
Ehab Ali; Mahamod Ismail; Rosdiadee Nordin; Nor Fadzilah Abdulah. Beamforming with 2D-AOA estimation for pilot contamination reduction in massive MIMO. Telecommunication Systems 2018, 71, 541 -552.
AMA StyleEhab Ali, Mahamod Ismail, Rosdiadee Nordin, Nor Fadzilah Abdulah. Beamforming with 2D-AOA estimation for pilot contamination reduction in massive MIMO. Telecommunication Systems. 2018; 71 (4):541-552.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEhab Ali; Mahamod Ismail; Rosdiadee Nordin; Nor Fadzilah Abdulah. 2018. "Beamforming with 2D-AOA estimation for pilot contamination reduction in massive MIMO." Telecommunication Systems 71, no. 4: 541-552.