The carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite has made a substantial impact on the manufacturing sectors owing to its excellent mechanical, thermal and corrosion resisting properties. The surface roughness mainly depends on the machining parameters while drilling of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite laminates. The study concentrates on the impact of uncoated and titanium nitride coated solid carbide drills on minimizing the roughness that is generated while making holes in bi-directional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite by optimizing the drilling constraints [spindle speed (A), feed rate (B), point angle (C) and drill diameter (D)]. Experimental studies are carried out using Taguchi L ₂₇ orthogonal array. The investigation discloses that the drill diameter is one of the most influencing cutting parameters followed by spindle speed and feed rate. The response surface methodology is chosen as a tool for predicting and optimizing the process parameters. The investigation also discloses that the experimental and the predicted results of surface roughness are closely matching with each other. The surface morphology illustrates that titanium nitride coated solid carbide drills minimize the surface roughness compare to that of uncoated solid carbide drills.

Carbon fiber-reinforced composite laminates are progressively appealing for several applications in various manufacturing sectors such as aeronautical and automobile, because of their amazingly predominant mechanical properties. This has subsequently led to an increase in research of various machinability techniques emphasizing on both conventional and non-conventional methods. Typically, conventional drilling is one of the most significant machining processes for most kinds of fiber composite laminates. The most unsolicited damage termed as delamination during drilling has recently become one of the most influential research subjects as numerous engineers in manufacturing sector have been trying to prevent this problem over decades. This review paper briefly discusses about the incorporation of different types of fillers in carbon fiber-reinforced composites. The paper also summarizes the steady progress in drilling-induced delamination of carbon fiber laminates. It covers the delamination formation mechanism, delamination suppression strategies, and the optimization of various drilling parameters to reduce the delamination damage. The present article provides researchers an opportunity to deepen their knowledge on specific aspects by exploring different methods for reducing delamination in CFRP composites.

Polymeric nanocomposites have been extensively investigated due to their potential for enhancing the mechanical and tribological properties of polymer composites. In this study, the mechanical performance of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites modified with nano-sized ferrochrome slag particles, an industrial by-product from stainless steel manufacturing, was evaluated. Composite laminates were fabricated using a vacuum-assisted hand lay-up process, with consistent carbon fiber reinforcement and uniformly dispersed nanofillers in the epoxy matrix. Mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural, impact, and Shore D hardness were evaluated as per ASTM and ISO standards. At 2 wt.% nanofiller loading, enhanced tensile strength and hardness by 33.02% and 8.92%, respectively, were achieved, while flexural strength and impact strength increased by 3.70% and 3.62% at 1 wt.% compared to the neat composite. Higher filler contents (>3 wt.%) resulted in reduced performance due to particle agglomeration and microstructural inhomogeneity. A scanning electron microscope was used to determine the uniform dispersion and agglomeration of nanofillers. The results demonstrated the potential of ferrochrome slag as a sustainable and cost-effective nanofiller for advanced composite applications.

The study explores the mechanical and morphological studies of ramie, bamboo, and hybrid ramie-bamboo composites with silicon carbide (SiC) and alumina (Al₂O₃) nano-fillers. The composites were fabricated using the hand-layup method followed by compression moulding. Mechanical characteristics such as tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness were investigated as per the ASTM standards. Surface characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to understand the surface characteristics and failure behavior of composites. Experimental results indicated that the maximum tensile strength (50.16 MPa), impact strength (6.30 kJ m⁻²), and hardness (79.4) were obtained for the ramie-bamboo hybrid composite, while the pure ramie composite exhibited the greatest flexural strength (101.4 MPa). SEM analysis revealed good fiber-matrix bonding within the hybrid composites. Ramie-bamboo hybrid composites with nano-fillers showed lower strength values due to the agglomeration of nano-fillers. The present findings provide insight into optimizing hybrid natural fiber composites for enhanced mechanical performance.

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites modified with alumina (Al₂O₃) and silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles were developed to produce hybrid nanocomposites with improved mechanical and thermal characteristics. This study investigates the hot drilling behavior of unidirectional CFRP and hybrid nanocomposites by examining the effects of spindle speed, feed rate, drill diameter, and drill geometry (step, core, and twist). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to identify the most influential parameters governing drilling-induced damage. ANOVA results revealed that drill geometry was the most dominant factor, contributing more than 89% to delamination, burr formation, and surface roughness, followed by drill diameter with over 7% contribution. For temperature rise, drill geometry accounted for more than 50% of the total variation, while drill diameter contributed over 17%. Among the tools evaluated, the step drill produced the minimum drilling-induced damage, followed by the twist drill. In terms of material performance, the Al₂O₃-reinforced hybrid nanocomposite exhibited superior drilling behavior compared to the SiC-reinforced and neat CFRP laminates. Overall, the results demonstrate that drilling-induced damage under hot drilling conditions can be effectively minimized through appropriate selection of tool geometry and process parameters, confirming the suitability of hot drilling for machining aerospace-grade CFRP hybrid nanocomposites.