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Prof. Justyna Nowakowska
Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw

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0 Forensic Biology
0 Molecular & Cellular Biology
0 Molecular diagnosis
0 Forest Biology
0 GMO

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Short Biography

Dr. Justyna Anna Nowakowska graduated from the University of Louis Pasteur in Strasbourg (France). Her doctoral thesis concerned methods of gene expression in GMO plants. At present, she is an academic Professor at Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw. Her special interest includes molecular biology of plants, molecular diagnostics of pathogens, population genetics, biotechnology and molecular methods in forensic diagnostics. Since 2018, she has become the head of the Department of Molecular Biology, Genetics and Immunology at the Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences of UKSW. During her carrier, she has published 70 scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals and 114 papers disseminating knowledge, 5 monographs, and translated of biological themes for French in the Larousse Universal Encyclopedia. She delivered 84 papers at national and international conferences and conducted over 300 academic lectures and 150 speeches promoting knowledge in the country and abroad.

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Journal article
Published: 13 July 2021 in Forests
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In natural environments, plants develop adaptive mechanisms at the cellular and molecular levels to cope with many external factors, e.g., insects and soil pathogens. We studied physiological stress induced by different levels of foliage removal (defoliation 30% and 60%) and by infection of root rot pathogen Phytophthora plurivora on the common Polish tree species, Betula pendula, grown in an open greenhouse. This study showed that P. plurivora damaged the root system which negatively impacted all morphological parameters. However the loss of 30% of the leaves had a positive effect on defense responses. Chlorophyll-a fluorescence parameters indicated a decrease in photosynthetic efficiency in defoliated plants, but plants inoculated with the pathogen had a higher performance index showing increased vigor of the infected plant than birches. The study demonstrated the intense immunity response of birch to P. plurivora through the expression of Hsp90 and Hsp83 genes. The trees weakened by P. plurivora became more susceptible to infection by Erysiphe ornata var. ornata.

ACS Style

Daria Berezovska; Tomasz Oszako; Tadeusz Malewski; Marcin Stocki; Aleh Marozau; Natalia Stocka; Warren Moser; Larry Baggett; Lassaad Belbahri; Justyna Nowakowska. Effect of Defoliation on the Defense Reactions of Silver Birch (Betula pendula) Infected with Phytophthora plurivora. Forests 2021, 12, 910 .

AMA Style

Daria Berezovska, Tomasz Oszako, Tadeusz Malewski, Marcin Stocki, Aleh Marozau, Natalia Stocka, Warren Moser, Larry Baggett, Lassaad Belbahri, Justyna Nowakowska. Effect of Defoliation on the Defense Reactions of Silver Birch (Betula pendula) Infected with Phytophthora plurivora. Forests. 2021; 12 (7):910.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daria Berezovska; Tomasz Oszako; Tadeusz Malewski; Marcin Stocki; Aleh Marozau; Natalia Stocka; Warren Moser; Larry Baggett; Lassaad Belbahri; Justyna Nowakowska. 2021. "Effect of Defoliation on the Defense Reactions of Silver Birch (Betula pendula) Infected with Phytophthora plurivora." Forests 12, no. 7: 910.

Review
Published: 15 April 2021 in Sustainability
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Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) have been the target of intensive research studies toward their efficient use in the field as biofertilizers, biocontrol, and bioremediation agents among numerous other applications. Recent trends in the field of PGPB research led to the development of versatile multifaceted PGPB that can be used in different field conditions such as biocontrol of plant pathogens in metal contaminated soils. Unfortunately, all these research efforts lead to the development of PGPB that failed to perform in salty environments. Therefore, it is urgently needed to address this drawback of these PGPB toward their efficient performance in salinity context. In this paper we provide a review of state-of-the-art research in the field of PGPB and propose a road map for the development of next generation versatile and multifaceted PGPB that can perform in salinity. Beyond soil desalinization, our study paves the way towards the development of PGPB able to provide services in diverse salty environments such as heavy metal contaminated, or pathogen threatened. Smart development of salinity adapted next generation biofertilizers will inevitably allow for mitigation and alleviation of biotic and abiotic threats to plant productivity in salty environments.

ACS Style

Hafsa Cherif-Silini; Allaoua Silini; Ali Chenari Bouket; Faizah N. Alenezi; Lenka Luptakova; Nawel Bouremani; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Tomasz Oszako; Lassaad Belbahri. Tailoring Next Generation Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms as Versatile Tools beyond Soil Desalinization: A Road Map towards Field Application. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4422 .

AMA Style

Hafsa Cherif-Silini, Allaoua Silini, Ali Chenari Bouket, Faizah N. Alenezi, Lenka Luptakova, Nawel Bouremani, Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Tomasz Oszako, Lassaad Belbahri. Tailoring Next Generation Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms as Versatile Tools beyond Soil Desalinization: A Road Map towards Field Application. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4422.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hafsa Cherif-Silini; Allaoua Silini; Ali Chenari Bouket; Faizah N. Alenezi; Lenka Luptakova; Nawel Bouremani; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Tomasz Oszako; Lassaad Belbahri. 2021. "Tailoring Next Generation Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms as Versatile Tools beyond Soil Desalinization: A Road Map towards Field Application." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4422.

Journal article
Published: 08 March 2021 in Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
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Poziom wiedzy społeczeństwa nt. GMO stale się zmienia. W listopadzie i grudniu 2019 r. studenci UKSW w Warszawie przeprowadzili ankiety wśród 699 anonimowych respondentów na temat zastosowania produktów GMO w codziennym życiu Polaków. Osoby ankietowane podzielono wg czterech kryteriów: płci, wieku, wykształcenia i miejsca zamieszkania z podziałem na miasto i wieś, zadając 7 pytań merytorycznych odnośnie do poziomu wiedzy i osobistego podejścia do konsumpcji produktów GMO. Analizę statystyczną wyników wykonano w programie STATISTICA 12. Wykazano, że w ostatnich latach rośnie wiedza mieszkańców w Polsce nt. GMO, ale obawy przed produktami genetycznie modyfikowanymi nadal występują u ponad połowy społeczeństwa. Większość kobiet obawia się GMO, zwraca większą uwagę na oznakowanie produktów zawierających GMO i nie podałaby ich swoim dzieciom. Osoby w wieku poniżej 20 lat są pozytywnie nastawione do GMO, natomiast osoby w wieku powyżej 35 lat obawiają się negatywnych skutków spożywania produktów GMO. Większość osób mieszkających na wsi obawia się produktów GMO, opinia zaś mieszkańców miasta jest podzielona na dwie, prawie równe grupy: zarówno zwolenników, jak i przeciwników GMO. Różnice w odpowiedziach odnośnie obawy przed negatywnymi skutkami spożywania produktów zawierających GMO były statystycznie istotne (p < 0,001) i wykazały większe obawy wśród osób zamieszkujących tereny wiejskie (67%) niż u mieszkańców miast (49%). Jednocześnie, prawie ten sam duży odsetek osób ze wsi i z miasta (67%) był przychylny stosowaniu leków wyprodukowanych drogą inżynierii genetycznej (p < 0,01).

ACS Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Daria Berezovska; Aleksandra Szulińska. Postawa społeczeństwa wobec organizmów modyfikowanych genetycznie (GMO) w Polsce – na przykładzie wybranych grup osób. Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 2021, 19, 103 -114.

AMA Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Daria Berezovska, Aleksandra Szulińska. Postawa społeczeństwa wobec organizmów modyfikowanych genetycznie (GMO) w Polsce – na przykładzie wybranych grup osób. Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae. 2021; 19 (1):103-114.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Daria Berezovska; Aleksandra Szulińska. 2021. "Postawa społeczeństwa wobec organizmów modyfikowanych genetycznie (GMO) w Polsce – na przykładzie wybranych grup osób." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 19, no. 1: 103-114.

Journal article
Published: 05 December 2020 in Molecules
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Fungi and oomycetes release volatiles into their environment which could be used for olfactory detection and identification of these organisms by electronic-nose (e-nose). The aim of this study was to survey volatile compound emission using an e-nose device and to identify released molecules through solid phase microextraction–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME–GC/MS) analysis to ultimately develop a detection system for fungi and fungi-like organisms. To this end, cultures of eight fungi (Armillaria gallica, Armillaria ostoyae, Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium poae, Rhizoctonia solani, Trichoderma asperellum) and four oomycetes (Phytophthora cactorum, P. cinnamomi, P. plurivora, P. ramorum) were tested with the e-nose system and investigated by means of SPME-GC/MS. Strains of F. poae, R. solani and T. asperellum appeared to be the most odoriferous. All investigated fungal species (except R. solani) produced sesquiterpenes in variable amounts, in contrast to the tested oomycetes strains. Other molecules such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, esters and benzene derivatives were found in all samples. The results suggested that the major differences between respective VOC emission ranges of the tested species lie in sesquiterpene production, with fungi emitting some while oomycetes released none or smaller amounts of such molecules. Our e-nose system could discriminate between the odors emitted by P. ramorum, F. poae, T. asperellum and R. solani, which accounted for over 88% of the PCA variance. These preliminary results of fungal and oomycete detection make the e-nose device suitable for further sensor design as a potential tool for forest managers, other plant managers, as well as regulatory agencies such as quarantine services.

ACS Style

Jérémie Loulier; François Lefort; Marcin Stocki; Monika Asztemborska; Rafał Szmigielski; Krzysztof Siwek; Tomasz Grzywacz; Tom Hsiang; Sławomir Ślusarski; Tomasz Oszako; Marcin Klisz; Rafał Tarakowski; Justyna Anna Nowakowska. Detection of Fungi and Oomycetes by Volatiles Using E-Nose and SPME-GC/MS Platforms. Molecules 2020, 25, 5749 .

AMA Style

Jérémie Loulier, François Lefort, Marcin Stocki, Monika Asztemborska, Rafał Szmigielski, Krzysztof Siwek, Tomasz Grzywacz, Tom Hsiang, Sławomir Ślusarski, Tomasz Oszako, Marcin Klisz, Rafał Tarakowski, Justyna Anna Nowakowska. Detection of Fungi and Oomycetes by Volatiles Using E-Nose and SPME-GC/MS Platforms. Molecules. 2020; 25 (23):5749.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jérémie Loulier; François Lefort; Marcin Stocki; Monika Asztemborska; Rafał Szmigielski; Krzysztof Siwek; Tomasz Grzywacz; Tom Hsiang; Sławomir Ślusarski; Tomasz Oszako; Marcin Klisz; Rafał Tarakowski; Justyna Anna Nowakowska. 2020. "Detection of Fungi and Oomycetes by Volatiles Using E-Nose and SPME-GC/MS Platforms." Molecules 25, no. 23: 5749.

Article
Published: 21 November 2020 in European Journal of Plant Pathology
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The protective effects of Trichoderma asperellum IZR D-11 as a biocontrol agent against the powdery mildew Erysiphe alphitoides infecting leaves of Quercus robur were evaluated for the first time. A strain of Trichoderma had earlier been isolated in Belarus, and was identified in this study as T. asperellum by sequencing of three genomic markers: internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor 1 alpha and RNA polymerase II subunit 2, with over 99.2% identity to corresponding genomic sequences in GenBank. When applied once in the first year just after onset of powdery mildew disease, T asperellum IZR D-11 reduced disease progression and continued to reduce powdery mildew levels during the following three years. Photosynthetic activity as represented by chlorophyll fluorescence measured in oak seedlings was increased in treated plants, and greater assimilate production was also found. The use of this antagonistic fungus increased the total water content in oak leaves suggesting that T. asperellum IZR D-11 can serve as a preventive measure to reduce energy losses in the process of water transpiration. GC-MS analysis detected 49 volatile compounds in the headspace of pure cultures of T. asperellum. Sesquiterpenes represented mainly by daucene, dauca-4(11),8-diene and isodaucene were the largest group of compounds emitted. We speculate that these volatiles from T. asperellum IZR D-11 may be involved in induced resistance in the plant, but further research is needed. The above results suggest that T. asperellum strain IZR D-11 has potential as a biocontrol agent of oak powdery mildew in forest nurseries.

ACS Style

Tomasz Oszako; Dmitry Voitka; Marcin Stocki; Natalia Stocka; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Anna Linkiewicz; Tom Hsiang; Lassaâd Belbahri; Daria Berezovska; Tadeusz Malewski. Trichoderma asperellum efficiently protects Quercus robur leaves against Erysiphe alphitoides. European Journal of Plant Pathology 2020, 159, 295 -308.

AMA Style

Tomasz Oszako, Dmitry Voitka, Marcin Stocki, Natalia Stocka, Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Anna Linkiewicz, Tom Hsiang, Lassaâd Belbahri, Daria Berezovska, Tadeusz Malewski. Trichoderma asperellum efficiently protects Quercus robur leaves against Erysiphe alphitoides. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 2020; 159 (2):295-308.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tomasz Oszako; Dmitry Voitka; Marcin Stocki; Natalia Stocka; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Anna Linkiewicz; Tom Hsiang; Lassaâd Belbahri; Daria Berezovska; Tadeusz Malewski. 2020. "Trichoderma asperellum efficiently protects Quercus robur leaves against Erysiphe alphitoides." European Journal of Plant Pathology 159, no. 2: 295-308.

Journal article
Published: 19 October 2020 in Forests
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The purpose of this study was to better understand the interactive impact of two soil-borne pathogens, Phytophthora cactorum and Armillaria gallica, on seedlings of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) subjected to stress caused by mechanical defoliation, simulating primary insect feeding. This is the first experimental confirmation of silver birch seedling root damage (and in consequence shoot mortality) caused by the additive effect of defoliation stress and P. cactorum inoculation via soil. However, the most severe damage to roots occurred after A. gallica inoculation. One year after treatments, chlorophyll fluorescence measurement, and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to analyze the photosynthetic activity in leaves, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by the birch leaves, and chemical compounds from the roots. The cumulative effect of the two pathogens and partial defoliation reduced photosynthetic activity, suggesting dysfunction of photosystem PSII due to the applied stresses. In summary, it seems that the main differences in photosynthetic performance could be attributed to Armillaria infection. The birch leaves in seedlings exposed to 50% defoliation, and inoculation with P.cactorum and A. gallica, emitted more aromatic carbonyls and alcohols, as well as half as much aliphatic esters, compared to controls. In infected birch roots, the production of phenols, triterpenes, and fatty alcohols increased, but fatty acids decreased. Higher levels of aromatic carbonyls and alcohols in leaves, as well as phenolic compounds in the roots of stressed birches (compared to control) suggest an activation of plant systemic acquired resistance (SAR).

ACS Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Marcin Stocki; Natalia Stocka; Sławomir Ślusarski; Miłosz Tkaczyk; João Maria Caetano; Mirela Tulik; Tom Hsiang; Tomasz Oszako. Interactions between Phytophthora cactorum, Armillaria gallica and Betula pendula Roth. Seedlings Subjected to Defoliation. Forests 2020, 11, 1107 .

AMA Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Marcin Stocki, Natalia Stocka, Sławomir Ślusarski, Miłosz Tkaczyk, João Maria Caetano, Mirela Tulik, Tom Hsiang, Tomasz Oszako. Interactions between Phytophthora cactorum, Armillaria gallica and Betula pendula Roth. Seedlings Subjected to Defoliation. Forests. 2020; 11 (10):1107.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Marcin Stocki; Natalia Stocka; Sławomir Ślusarski; Miłosz Tkaczyk; João Maria Caetano; Mirela Tulik; Tom Hsiang; Tomasz Oszako. 2020. "Interactions between Phytophthora cactorum, Armillaria gallica and Betula pendula Roth. Seedlings Subjected to Defoliation." Forests 11, no. 10: 1107.

Preprint
Published: 02 August 2020
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The purpose of this study was to better understand the interactive impact of two soil-borne pathogens, Phytophthora cactorum (as the primary pathogen) and Armillaria gallica (as secondary), on two-year-old seedlings of silver birch (Betula pendula) subjected to stress caused by mechanical defoliation simulating primary insect feeding. One year after treatments, the chlorophyll fluorescence measurement and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to analyze the photosynthetic activity in leaves, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by birch leaves and chemical compounds from roots. Only the infection of roots by P. cactorum increased photosynthetic rates in the leaves, which may suggest its cryptic development in contrast to fungi. The birch leaves in seedlings exposed to 50% defoliation, inoculation with P. cactorum and A. gallica emitted more aromatic carbonyls and alcohols, as well as half as much aliphatic esters, compared to untreated controls. In infected birch roots, the production of phenols, triterpenes and fatty alcohols increased, but fatty acids decreased. This was the first experimental confirmation of the pathogenicity of P. cactorum on silver birch seedlings in Poland. The most severe damage to roots took place only in the case of two-way or three-way interactions. Higher levels of aromatic carbonyls and alcohols in leaves, as well as phenolic compounds in roots of stressed birches (compared to control) suggest an activation of plant systemic acquired resistance (SAR).

ACS Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Marcin Stocki; Natalia Stocka; Sławomir Ślusarski; Miłosz Tkaczyk; João Maria Caetano; Mirela Tulik; Tom Hsiang; Tomasz Oszako. Interactions between Phytophthora cactorum, Armillaria gallica and Betula pendula Seedlings Subjected to Defoliation. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Marcin Stocki, Natalia Stocka, Sławomir Ślusarski, Miłosz Tkaczyk, João Maria Caetano, Mirela Tulik, Tom Hsiang, Tomasz Oszako. Interactions between Phytophthora cactorum, Armillaria gallica and Betula pendula Seedlings Subjected to Defoliation. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Marcin Stocki; Natalia Stocka; Sławomir Ślusarski; Miłosz Tkaczyk; João Maria Caetano; Mirela Tulik; Tom Hsiang; Tomasz Oszako. 2020. "Interactions between Phytophthora cactorum, Armillaria gallica and Betula pendula Seedlings Subjected to Defoliation." , no. : 1.

Review
Published: 01 July 2020 in Forests
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Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pine pitch canker (PPC), is currently one of the most important threats of Pinus spp. globally. This pathogen is known in many pine-growing regions, including natural and planted forests, and can affect all life stages of trees, from emerging seedlings to mature trees. Despite the importance of PPC, the global distribution of F. circinatum is poorly documented, and this problem is also true of the hosts within countries that are affected. The aim of this study was to review the global distribution of F. circinatum, with a particular focus on Europe. We considered (1) the current and historical pathogen records, both positive and negative, based on confirmed reports from Europe and globally; (2) the genetic diversity and population structure of the pathogen; (3) the current distribution of PPC in Europe, comparing published models of predicted disease distribution; and (4) host susceptibility by reviewing literature and generating a comprehensive list of known hosts for the fungus. These data were collated from 41 countries and used to compile a specially constructed geo-database (http://bit.do/phytoportal). A review of 6297 observation records showed that F. circinatum and the symptoms it causes on conifers occurred in 14 countries, including four in Europe, and is absent in 28 countries. Field observations and experimental data from 138 host species revealed 106 susceptible host species including 85 Pinus species, 6 non-pine tree species and 15 grass and herb species. Our data confirm that susceptibility to F. circinatum varies between different host species, tree ages and environmental characteristics. Knowledge on the geographic distribution, host range and the relative susceptibility of different hosts is essential for disease management, mitigation and containment strategies. The findings reported in this review will support countries that are currently free of F. circinatum in implementing effective procedures and restrictions and prevent further spread of the pathogen.

ACS Style

Rein Drenkhan; Beccy Ganley; Jorge Martín-García; Petr Vahalík; Kalev Adamson; Katarína Adamčíková; Rodrigo Ahumada; Lior Blank; Helena Bragança; Paolo Capretti; Michelle Cleary; Carolina Cornejo; Kateryna Davydenko; Julio J. Diez; Hatice Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi; Miloň Dvořák; Rasmus Enderle; Gerda Fourie; Margarita Georgieva; Luisa Ghelardini; Jarkko Hantula; Renaud Ioos; Eugenia Iturritxa; Loukas Kanetis; Natalia N. Karpun; András Koltay; Elena Landeras; Svetlana Markovskaja; Nebai Mesanza; Ivan Milenković; Dmitry L. Musolin; Konstantinos Nikolaou; Justyna A. Nowakowska; Nikica Ogris; Funda Oskay; Tomasz Oszako; Irena Papazova-Anakieva; Marius Paraschiv; Matias Pasquali; Francesco Pecori; Trond Rafoss; Kristina Raitelaitytė; Rosa Raposo; Cecile Robin; Carlos A. Rodas; Alberto Santini; Antonio V. Sanz-Ros; Andrey V. Selikhovkin; Alejandro Solla; Mirkka Soukainen; Nikoleta Soulioti; Emma T. Steenkamp; Panaghiotis Tsopelas; Aleksandar Vemić; Anna Maria Vettraino; Michael J. Wingfield; Stephen Woodward; Cristina Zamora-Ballesteros; Martin S. Mullett. Global Geographic Distribution and Host Range of Fusarium circinatum, the Causal Agent of Pine Pitch Canker. Forests 2020, 11, 724 .

AMA Style

Rein Drenkhan, Beccy Ganley, Jorge Martín-García, Petr Vahalík, Kalev Adamson, Katarína Adamčíková, Rodrigo Ahumada, Lior Blank, Helena Bragança, Paolo Capretti, Michelle Cleary, Carolina Cornejo, Kateryna Davydenko, Julio J. Diez, Hatice Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi, Miloň Dvořák, Rasmus Enderle, Gerda Fourie, Margarita Georgieva, Luisa Ghelardini, Jarkko Hantula, Renaud Ioos, Eugenia Iturritxa, Loukas Kanetis, Natalia N. Karpun, András Koltay, Elena Landeras, Svetlana Markovskaja, Nebai Mesanza, Ivan Milenković, Dmitry L. Musolin, Konstantinos Nikolaou, Justyna A. Nowakowska, Nikica Ogris, Funda Oskay, Tomasz Oszako, Irena Papazova-Anakieva, Marius Paraschiv, Matias Pasquali, Francesco Pecori, Trond Rafoss, Kristina Raitelaitytė, Rosa Raposo, Cecile Robin, Carlos A. Rodas, Alberto Santini, Antonio V. Sanz-Ros, Andrey V. Selikhovkin, Alejandro Solla, Mirkka Soukainen, Nikoleta Soulioti, Emma T. Steenkamp, Panaghiotis Tsopelas, Aleksandar Vemić, Anna Maria Vettraino, Michael J. Wingfield, Stephen Woodward, Cristina Zamora-Ballesteros, Martin S. Mullett. Global Geographic Distribution and Host Range of Fusarium circinatum, the Causal Agent of Pine Pitch Canker. Forests. 2020; 11 (7):724.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rein Drenkhan; Beccy Ganley; Jorge Martín-García; Petr Vahalík; Kalev Adamson; Katarína Adamčíková; Rodrigo Ahumada; Lior Blank; Helena Bragança; Paolo Capretti; Michelle Cleary; Carolina Cornejo; Kateryna Davydenko; Julio J. Diez; Hatice Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi; Miloň Dvořák; Rasmus Enderle; Gerda Fourie; Margarita Georgieva; Luisa Ghelardini; Jarkko Hantula; Renaud Ioos; Eugenia Iturritxa; Loukas Kanetis; Natalia N. Karpun; András Koltay; Elena Landeras; Svetlana Markovskaja; Nebai Mesanza; Ivan Milenković; Dmitry L. Musolin; Konstantinos Nikolaou; Justyna A. Nowakowska; Nikica Ogris; Funda Oskay; Tomasz Oszako; Irena Papazova-Anakieva; Marius Paraschiv; Matias Pasquali; Francesco Pecori; Trond Rafoss; Kristina Raitelaitytė; Rosa Raposo; Cecile Robin; Carlos A. Rodas; Alberto Santini; Antonio V. Sanz-Ros; Andrey V. Selikhovkin; Alejandro Solla; Mirkka Soukainen; Nikoleta Soulioti; Emma T. Steenkamp; Panaghiotis Tsopelas; Aleksandar Vemić; Anna Maria Vettraino; Michael J. Wingfield; Stephen Woodward; Cristina Zamora-Ballesteros; Martin S. Mullett. 2020. "Global Geographic Distribution and Host Range of Fusarium circinatum, the Causal Agent of Pine Pitch Canker." Forests 11, no. 7: 724.

Journal article
Published: 06 June 2020 in Forests
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A current ongoing unprecedented outbreak of Ips typographus (L.) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in the Białowieża Primeval Forest (BPF) has nearly eliminated Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) as a major forest tree species there, since over 1 million trees have died. In this part of Europe, Norway spruce has grown for hundreds of years, previously accounting for 30% of forest species composition. The aim of this study was to evaluate 47 “Monuments of Nature” of Norway spruce as follows: (i) their current health status in the managed forests of Białowieża Forest District; (ii) possible causes and changes in their health during the last bark beetle outbreak; and (iii) potential losses from the gene pool. Our findings from ground and remote sensing inventories showed that only 12 out of 47 (25%) monumental trees protected by law survived until 2017 in the study area. The rest (75%) of the investigated trees had died. An analysis of meteorological data from Białowieża suggested that the beginning of the I. typographus outbreak in 2012 was associated with diminishing precipitation during growing seasons prior to this time and subsequent increases in annual temperature, coupled with heavy storms in 2017 toppling weakened trees. A comparison of old-growth “Monuments of Nature” spruce in the region (n = 47, average age 225 years) to seven reference spruce stands (n = 281, average age 132 years) revealed a loss of unique genetic features based on frequencies of eleven nuclear microsatellite loci. Although all studied populations had similar genetic background (FST(without NA) = 0.003 and no STRUCTURE clustering), all monumental spruce trees shared the highest parameters such as the mean observed and expected number of alleles per locus (Na = 15.909 and Ne = 7.656, respectively), mean allelic richness (AR(11) = 8.895), mean private alleles (Apriv = 0.909), and mean Shannon diversity index (I = 1.979) in comparison to the younger stands. Our results demonstrate that the loss of the old spruce trees will entail the loss of genetic variability of the Norway spruce population within the exceptionally valuable Białowieża Primeval Forest.

ACS Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Tom Hsiang; Paulina Patynek; Krzysztof Stereńczak; Ireneusz Olejarski; Tomasz Oszako. Health Assessment and Genetic Structure of Monumental Norway Spruce Trees during A Bark Beetle (Ips typographus L.) Outbreak in the Białowieża Forest District, Poland. Forests 2020, 11, 647 .

AMA Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Tom Hsiang, Paulina Patynek, Krzysztof Stereńczak, Ireneusz Olejarski, Tomasz Oszako. Health Assessment and Genetic Structure of Monumental Norway Spruce Trees during A Bark Beetle (Ips typographus L.) Outbreak in the Białowieża Forest District, Poland. Forests. 2020; 11 (6):647.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Tom Hsiang; Paulina Patynek; Krzysztof Stereńczak; Ireneusz Olejarski; Tomasz Oszako. 2020. "Health Assessment and Genetic Structure of Monumental Norway Spruce Trees during A Bark Beetle (Ips typographus L.) Outbreak in the Białowieża Forest District, Poland." Forests 11, no. 6: 647.

Review
Published: 18 December 2019 in Forests
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Pines are major components of native forests and plantations in Europe, where they have both economic significance and an important ecological role. Diseases of pines are mainly caused by fungal and oomycete pathogens, and can significantly reduce the survival, vigor, and yield of both individual trees and entire stands or plantations. Pine pitch canker (PPC), caused by Fusarium circinatum (Nirenberg and O’Donnell), is among the most devastating pine diseases in the world, and is an example of an emergent invasive disease in Europe. The effects of microbial interactions on plant health, as well as the possible roles plant microbiomes may have in disease expression, have been the focus of several recent studies. Here, we describe the possible effects of co-infection with pathogenic fungi and oomycetes with F. circinatum on the health of pine seedlings and mature plants, in an attempt to expand our understanding of the role that biotic interactions may play in the future of PPC disease in European nurseries and forests. The available information on pine pathogens that are able to co-occur with F. circinatum in Europe is here reviewed and interpreted to theoretically predict the effects of such co-occurrences on pine survival, growth, and yield. Beside the awareness that F. circinatum may co-occurr on pines with other pathogens, an additional outcome from this review is an updating of the literature, including the so-called grey literature, to document the geographical distribution of the relevant pathogens and to facilitate differential diagnoses, particularly in nurseries, where some of them may cause symptoms similar to those induced by F. circinatum. An early and accurate diagnosis of F. circinatum, a pathogen that has been recently introduced and that is currently regulated in Europe, is essential to prevent its introduction and spread in plantings and forests.

ACS Style

Margarita Elvira-Recuenco; Santa Olga Cacciola; Antonio V. Sanz-Ros; Matteo Garbelotto; Jaime Aguayo; Alejandro Solla; Martin Mullett; Tiia Drenkhan; Funda Oskay; Ayşe Gülden Aday Kaya; Eugenia Iturritxa; Michelle Cleary; Johanna Witzell; Margarita Georgieva; Irena Papazova-Anakieva; Danut Chira; Marius Paraschiv; Dmitry L. Musolin; Andrey V. Selikhovkin; Elena Varentsova; Katarina Adamčíková; Svetlana Markovskaja; Nebai Mesanza; Kateryna Davydenko; Paolo Capretti; Bruno Scanu; Paolo Gonthier; Panaghiotis Tsopelas; Jorge Martín-García; Carmen Morales-Rodríguez; Asko Lehtijärvi; H. Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi; Tomasz Oszako; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Helena Bragança; Mercedes Fernández-Fernández; Jarkko Hantula; Julio J. Díez; Lehtijärvi. Potential Interactions between Invasive Fusarium circinatum and Other Pine Pathogens in Europe. Forests 2019, 11, 7 .

AMA Style

Margarita Elvira-Recuenco, Santa Olga Cacciola, Antonio V. Sanz-Ros, Matteo Garbelotto, Jaime Aguayo, Alejandro Solla, Martin Mullett, Tiia Drenkhan, Funda Oskay, Ayşe Gülden Aday Kaya, Eugenia Iturritxa, Michelle Cleary, Johanna Witzell, Margarita Georgieva, Irena Papazova-Anakieva, Danut Chira, Marius Paraschiv, Dmitry L. Musolin, Andrey V. Selikhovkin, Elena Varentsova, Katarina Adamčíková, Svetlana Markovskaja, Nebai Mesanza, Kateryna Davydenko, Paolo Capretti, Bruno Scanu, Paolo Gonthier, Panaghiotis Tsopelas, Jorge Martín-García, Carmen Morales-Rodríguez, Asko Lehtijärvi, H. Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi, Tomasz Oszako, Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Helena Bragança, Mercedes Fernández-Fernández, Jarkko Hantula, Julio J. Díez, Lehtijärvi. Potential Interactions between Invasive Fusarium circinatum and Other Pine Pathogens in Europe. Forests. 2019; 11 (1):7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita Elvira-Recuenco; Santa Olga Cacciola; Antonio V. Sanz-Ros; Matteo Garbelotto; Jaime Aguayo; Alejandro Solla; Martin Mullett; Tiia Drenkhan; Funda Oskay; Ayşe Gülden Aday Kaya; Eugenia Iturritxa; Michelle Cleary; Johanna Witzell; Margarita Georgieva; Irena Papazova-Anakieva; Danut Chira; Marius Paraschiv; Dmitry L. Musolin; Andrey V. Selikhovkin; Elena Varentsova; Katarina Adamčíková; Svetlana Markovskaja; Nebai Mesanza; Kateryna Davydenko; Paolo Capretti; Bruno Scanu; Paolo Gonthier; Panaghiotis Tsopelas; Jorge Martín-García; Carmen Morales-Rodríguez; Asko Lehtijärvi; H. Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi; Tomasz Oszako; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Helena Bragança; Mercedes Fernández-Fernández; Jarkko Hantula; Julio J. Díez; Lehtijärvi. 2019. "Potential Interactions between Invasive Fusarium circinatum and Other Pine Pathogens in Europe." Forests 11, no. 1: 7.

Review
Published: 17 December 2019 in Forests
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Fusarium circinatum (Nirenberg and O’ Donnell) is the causal agent of pine pitch canker (PPC) disease, one of the most devastating forest diseases worldwide. Long-distance spread occurs mainly through the movement of infected seeds whereas at regional level, the movement of seedlings, substrates, or containers may play an important role in fungal dispersal. Invasion of nurseries takes place via infected seeds and further spread can occur by planting contaminated seedlings, especially due to the possibility of infected plants remaining symptomless. Once established, F. circinatum spreads by rain, wind, and insects. The natural spread of the pathogen is limited due to the short dispersal distances of the spores and the fairly short flight distances of disseminating insects. In this review, we summarize the currently known dispersal pathways of the pathogen, discussing both natural and human-assisted processes. With the purpose of understanding how to best intervene in the disease’s development in nurseries and forests, we outline the epidemiology of the pathogen describing the key factors influencing its spread. Preventive measures to control the spread of F. circinatum locally and globally are described with special emphasis on the challenges in implementing them.

ACS Style

Cristina Zamora-Ballesteros; Julio J. Diez; Jorge Martín-García; Johanna Witzell; Alejandro Solla; Rodrigo Ahumada; Paolo Capretti; Michelle Cleary; Rein Drenkhan; Miloň Dvořák; Margarita Elvira-Recuenco; Mercedes Fernández-Fernández; Luisa Ghelardini; Paolo Gonthier; Laura Hernández-Escribano; Renaud Ioos; Svetlana Markovskaja; Pablo Martínez-Álvarez; E. Jordán Muñoz-Adalia; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Tomasz Oszako; Rosa Raposo; Alberto Santini; Jarkko Hantula. Pine Pitch Canker (PPC): Pathways of Pathogen Spread and Preventive Measures. Forests 2019, 10, 1158 .

AMA Style

Cristina Zamora-Ballesteros, Julio J. Diez, Jorge Martín-García, Johanna Witzell, Alejandro Solla, Rodrigo Ahumada, Paolo Capretti, Michelle Cleary, Rein Drenkhan, Miloň Dvořák, Margarita Elvira-Recuenco, Mercedes Fernández-Fernández, Luisa Ghelardini, Paolo Gonthier, Laura Hernández-Escribano, Renaud Ioos, Svetlana Markovskaja, Pablo Martínez-Álvarez, E. Jordán Muñoz-Adalia, Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Tomasz Oszako, Rosa Raposo, Alberto Santini, Jarkko Hantula. Pine Pitch Canker (PPC): Pathways of Pathogen Spread and Preventive Measures. Forests. 2019; 10 (12):1158.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Zamora-Ballesteros; Julio J. Diez; Jorge Martín-García; Johanna Witzell; Alejandro Solla; Rodrigo Ahumada; Paolo Capretti; Michelle Cleary; Rein Drenkhan; Miloň Dvořák; Margarita Elvira-Recuenco; Mercedes Fernández-Fernández; Luisa Ghelardini; Paolo Gonthier; Laura Hernández-Escribano; Renaud Ioos; Svetlana Markovskaja; Pablo Martínez-Álvarez; E. Jordán Muñoz-Adalia; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Tomasz Oszako; Rosa Raposo; Alberto Santini; Jarkko Hantula. 2019. "Pine Pitch Canker (PPC): Pathways of Pathogen Spread and Preventive Measures." Forests 10, no. 12: 1158.

Journal article
Published: 21 June 2019 in NeoBiota
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The number of invasive alien pest and pathogen species affecting ecosystem functioning, human health and economies has increased dramatically over the last decades. Discoveries of invasive pests and pathogens previously unknown to science or with unknown host associations yet damaging on novel hosts highlights the necessity of developing novel tools to predict their appearance in hitherto naïve environments. The use of sentinel plant systems is a promising tool to improve the detection of pests and pathogens before introduction and to provide valuable information for the development of preventative measures to minimize economic or environmental impacts. Though sentinel plantings have been established and studied during the last decade, there still remains a great need for guidance on which tools and protocols to put into practice in order to make assessments accurate and reliable. The sampling and diagnostic protocols chosen should enable as much information as possible about potential damaging agents and species identification. Consistency and comparison of results are based on the adoption of common procedures for sampling design and sample processing. In this paper, we suggest harmonized procedures that should be used in sentinel planting surveys for effective sampling and identification of potential pests and pathogens. We also review the benefits and limitations of various diagnostic methods for early detection in sentinel systems, and the feasibility of the results obtained supporting National Plant Protection Organizations in pest and commodity risk analysis.

ACS Style

Carmen Morales-Rodríguez; Sten Anslan; Marie-Anne Auger-Rozenberg; Sylvie Augustin; Yuri Baranchikov; Amani Bellahirech; Daiva Burokienė; Dovilė Čepukoit; Ejup Çota; Kateryna Davydenko; H. Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi; Rein Drenkhan; Tiia Drenkhan; René Eschen; Iva Franić; Milka Glavendekić; Maarten De Groot; Magdalena Kacprzyk; Marc Kenis; Natalia Kirichenko; Iryna Matsiakh; Dmitry L. Musolin; Justyna A. Nowakowska; Richard O'Hanlon; Simone Prospero; Alain Roques; Alberto Santini; Venche Talgø; Leho Tedersoo; Anne Uimari; Andrea Vannini; Johanna Witzell; Steve Woodward; Antonios Zambounis; Michelle Cleary. Forewarned is forearmed: harmonized approaches for early detection of potentially invasive pests and pathogens in sentinel plantings. NeoBiota 2019, 47, 95 -123.

AMA Style

Carmen Morales-Rodríguez, Sten Anslan, Marie-Anne Auger-Rozenberg, Sylvie Augustin, Yuri Baranchikov, Amani Bellahirech, Daiva Burokienė, Dovilė Čepukoit, Ejup Çota, Kateryna Davydenko, H. Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi, Rein Drenkhan, Tiia Drenkhan, René Eschen, Iva Franić, Milka Glavendekić, Maarten De Groot, Magdalena Kacprzyk, Marc Kenis, Natalia Kirichenko, Iryna Matsiakh, Dmitry L. Musolin, Justyna A. Nowakowska, Richard O'Hanlon, Simone Prospero, Alain Roques, Alberto Santini, Venche Talgø, Leho Tedersoo, Anne Uimari, Andrea Vannini, Johanna Witzell, Steve Woodward, Antonios Zambounis, Michelle Cleary. Forewarned is forearmed: harmonized approaches for early detection of potentially invasive pests and pathogens in sentinel plantings. NeoBiota. 2019; 47 ():95-123.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carmen Morales-Rodríguez; Sten Anslan; Marie-Anne Auger-Rozenberg; Sylvie Augustin; Yuri Baranchikov; Amani Bellahirech; Daiva Burokienė; Dovilė Čepukoit; Ejup Çota; Kateryna Davydenko; H. Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi; Rein Drenkhan; Tiia Drenkhan; René Eschen; Iva Franić; Milka Glavendekić; Maarten De Groot; Magdalena Kacprzyk; Marc Kenis; Natalia Kirichenko; Iryna Matsiakh; Dmitry L. Musolin; Justyna A. Nowakowska; Richard O'Hanlon; Simone Prospero; Alain Roques; Alberto Santini; Venche Talgø; Leho Tedersoo; Anne Uimari; Andrea Vannini; Johanna Witzell; Steve Woodward; Antonios Zambounis; Michelle Cleary. 2019. "Forewarned is forearmed: harmonized approaches for early detection of potentially invasive pests and pathogens in sentinel plantings." NeoBiota 47, no. : 95-123.

Journal article
Published: 03 June 2019 in Scientific Reports
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Fusarium circinatum is a harmful pathogenic fungus mostly attacking Pinus species and also Pseudotsuga menziesii, causing cankers in trees of all ages, damping-off in seedlings, and mortality in cuttings and mother plants for clonal production. This fungus is listed as a quarantine pest in several parts of the world and the trade of potentially contaminated pine material such as cuttings, seedlings or seeds is restricted in order to prevent its spread to disease-free areas. Inspection of plant material often relies on DNA testing and several conventional or real-time PCR based tests targeting F. circinatum are available in the literature. In this work, an international collaborative study joined 23 partners to assess the transferability and the performance of nine molecular protocols, using a wide panel of DNA from 71 representative strains of F. circinatum and related Fusarium species. Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the nine protocols all reached values >80%, and the diagnostic specificity was the only parameter differing significantly between protocols. The rates of false positives and of false negatives were computed and only the false positive rates differed significantly, ranging from 3.0% to 17.3%. The difference between protocols for some of the performance values were mainly due to cross-reactions with DNA from non-target species, which were either not tested or documented in the original articles. Considering that participating laboratories were free to use their own reagents and equipment, this study demonstrated that the diagnostic protocols for F. circinatum were not easily transferable to end-users. More generally, our results suggest that the use of protocols using conventional or real-time PCR outside their initial development and validation conditions should require careful characterization of the performance data prior to use under modified conditions (i.e. reagents and equipment). Suggestions to improve the transfer are proposed.

ACS Style

Renaud Ioos; Francesco Aloi; Barbara Piškur; Cécile Guinet; Martin Mullett; Mónica Berbegal; Helena Bragança; Santa Olga Cacciola; Funda Oskay; Carolina Cornejo; Kalev Adamson; Clovis Douanla-Meli; Audrius Kačergius; Pablo Martínez-Álvarez; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Nicola Luchi; Anna Maria Vettraino; Rodrigo Ahumada; Matias Pasquali; Gerda Fourie; Loukas Kanetis; Artur Alves; Luisa Ghelardini; Miloň Dvořák; Antonio Sanz-Ros; Julio J. Diez; Jeyaseelan Baskarathevan; Jaime Aguayo. Transferability of PCR-based diagnostic protocols: An international collaborative case study assessing protocols targeting the quarantine pine pathogen Fusarium circinatum. Scientific Reports 2019, 9, 1 -17.

AMA Style

Renaud Ioos, Francesco Aloi, Barbara Piškur, Cécile Guinet, Martin Mullett, Mónica Berbegal, Helena Bragança, Santa Olga Cacciola, Funda Oskay, Carolina Cornejo, Kalev Adamson, Clovis Douanla-Meli, Audrius Kačergius, Pablo Martínez-Álvarez, Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Nicola Luchi, Anna Maria Vettraino, Rodrigo Ahumada, Matias Pasquali, Gerda Fourie, Loukas Kanetis, Artur Alves, Luisa Ghelardini, Miloň Dvořák, Antonio Sanz-Ros, Julio J. Diez, Jeyaseelan Baskarathevan, Jaime Aguayo. Transferability of PCR-based diagnostic protocols: An international collaborative case study assessing protocols targeting the quarantine pine pathogen Fusarium circinatum. Scientific Reports. 2019; 9 (1):1-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renaud Ioos; Francesco Aloi; Barbara Piškur; Cécile Guinet; Martin Mullett; Mónica Berbegal; Helena Bragança; Santa Olga Cacciola; Funda Oskay; Carolina Cornejo; Kalev Adamson; Clovis Douanla-Meli; Audrius Kačergius; Pablo Martínez-Álvarez; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Nicola Luchi; Anna Maria Vettraino; Rodrigo Ahumada; Matias Pasquali; Gerda Fourie; Loukas Kanetis; Artur Alves; Luisa Ghelardini; Miloň Dvořák; Antonio Sanz-Ros; Julio J. Diez; Jeyaseelan Baskarathevan; Jaime Aguayo. 2019. "Transferability of PCR-based diagnostic protocols: An international collaborative case study assessing protocols targeting the quarantine pine pathogen Fusarium circinatum." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1: 1-17.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2019 in Folia Forestalia Polonica
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Ash dieback caused by an alien, invasive fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is a serious disease of European ash species in many parts in Europe. In Poland, the disease was recorded in the beginning of the 1990s. This study was performed in 2016–2017 with the aim to identify fungi isolated from ash shoots showing dieback symptoms in the Wolica Nature Reserve in Poland, as well as from shoots of two years-old ash seedlings inoculated with H. fraxineus in the greenhouse. The most frequently isolated fungi from shoots of common ash (associated with the pathogenic fungus H. fraxineus) were identified on the basis of sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1) of fungal rDNA. In total, 19 fungal taxa were identified for ash shoots as follows: H. fraxineus, Fusarium avenaceum, Alternaria spp., Phomopsis oblonga, Diplodia mutila and other Phomopsis spp. The pathogen H. fraxineus was not found for all the shoots samples; one year after inoculation the aforementioned fungi and other species as: Alternaria alternata, Bionectria ochroleuca, Epicoccum nigrum, F. acuminatum, F. avenaceum, and Paraphaesphaeria neglecta were identified in inoculation point, as well as H. fraxineus. The same quantitative and qualitative changes of organisms were observed in the case of artificially colonised ash seedlings in the greenhouse, as well as in the shoots of adult ash trees in the forest.

ACS Style

Anna Żółciak; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Artur Pacia; Nenad Keča; Tomasz Oszako. Fungi isolated from shoots showing ash dieback in the Wolica Nature Reserve in Poland and artificially inoculated seedlings with Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Folia Forestalia Polonica 2019, 61, 42 -50.

AMA Style

Anna Żółciak, Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Artur Pacia, Nenad Keča, Tomasz Oszako. Fungi isolated from shoots showing ash dieback in the Wolica Nature Reserve in Poland and artificially inoculated seedlings with Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Folia Forestalia Polonica. 2019; 61 (1):42-50.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anna Żółciak; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Artur Pacia; Nenad Keča; Tomasz Oszako. 2019. "Fungi isolated from shoots showing ash dieback in the Wolica Nature Reserve in Poland and artificially inoculated seedlings with Hymenoscyphus fraxineus." Folia Forestalia Polonica 61, no. 1: 42-50.

Journal article
Published: 04 January 2019 in Forests
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We describe the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) root tips and the diversity of mycorrhizal fungal species at three English oak (Quercus robur) sites (two 120 year old sites and one 60 year old site). The three oak stands in decline, located in western Poland, were characterized by a low degree of vital ECM colonization: 30.2%, 29.1% and 25.6% at Krotoszyn (K), Piaski (P) and Karczma Borowa (KB), respectively. DNA (ITS) barcoding revealed a total of 18 ECM fungal species. Based on exploration types, ectomycorrhizae were classified with respect to ecologically relevant features. The contact type was significantly correlated with C:N and Corg, while the short distance type was correlated with Ca, phosphorus (P2O5) and pH. The medium distance exploration type was significantly correlated with fine-grained soil particle size fractions: coarse silt (0.05–0.02 mm) and fine silt (0.02–0.002 mm), and clay ( P > KB, and were opposite to the condition of the tree crowns. A negative correlation of vital ECM root tip abundance with the crown health status of oaks was observed, whereas higher ECM diversity reflected better crown health in the oak stands studied.

ACS Style

Roman Mariusz Bzdyk; Jacek Olchowik; Marcin Studnicki; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Tomasz Oszako; Alexander Urban; Dorota Hilszczańska; Justyna Nowakowska. Ectomycorrhizal Colonisation in Declining Oak Stands on the Krotoszyn Plateau, Poland. Forests 2019, 10, 30 .

AMA Style

Roman Mariusz Bzdyk, Jacek Olchowik, Marcin Studnicki, Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Tomasz Oszako, Alexander Urban, Dorota Hilszczańska, Justyna Nowakowska. Ectomycorrhizal Colonisation in Declining Oak Stands on the Krotoszyn Plateau, Poland. Forests. 2019; 10 (1):30.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roman Mariusz Bzdyk; Jacek Olchowik; Marcin Studnicki; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Tomasz Oszako; Alexander Urban; Dorota Hilszczańska; Justyna Nowakowska. 2019. "Ectomycorrhizal Colonisation in Declining Oak Stands on the Krotoszyn Plateau, Poland." Forests 10, no. 1: 30.

Short communication
Published: 09 October 2018 in Forest Pathology
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The occurrence of Phytophthora species in Alnus glutinosa stands in the Karacabey and Iğneada floodplain forests was investigated. Twenty‐seven soil samples taken from the rhizosphere of declining trees (without bark symptoms) were baited for Phytophthora. In total, 311 Phytophthora isolates were obtained following culturing on selective medium. On the basis of the morphological characteristics and the ITS sequences of the rDNA, Phytophthora plurivora accounted for 83% of the rhizosphere isolates. In addition to P. plurivora, P. gonapodyides (9%), P. chlamydospora (3.8%), P. lacustris (2.5%) and P. aff. cactorum (2%) were isolated from the surveyed areas. No P. × alni was detected in the present work. This paper is the first to report the isolation of P. plurivora and P. aff. cactorum from the rhizosphere of Alnus species in Turkey.

ACS Style

Ayse Gülden Aday Kaya; Asko Lehtijärvi; Yusuf Şaşmaz; Justyna A. Nowakowska; Tomasz Oszako; Hatice Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi; Stephen Woodward; Justyna Nowakowska. Phytophthora species detected in the rhizosphere of Alnus glutinosa stands in the Floodplain Forests of Western Turkey. Forest Pathology 2018, 48, e12470 .

AMA Style

Ayse Gülden Aday Kaya, Asko Lehtijärvi, Yusuf Şaşmaz, Justyna A. Nowakowska, Tomasz Oszako, Hatice Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi, Stephen Woodward, Justyna Nowakowska. Phytophthora species detected in the rhizosphere of Alnus glutinosa stands in the Floodplain Forests of Western Turkey. Forest Pathology. 2018; 48 (6):e12470.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ayse Gülden Aday Kaya; Asko Lehtijärvi; Yusuf Şaşmaz; Justyna A. Nowakowska; Tomasz Oszako; Hatice Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi; Stephen Woodward; Justyna Nowakowska. 2018. "Phytophthora species detected in the rhizosphere of Alnus glutinosa stands in the Floodplain Forests of Western Turkey." Forest Pathology 48, no. 6: e12470.

Journal article
Published: 30 September 2018 in Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
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Działalność człowieka od zawsze miała wpływ na skład gatunkowy i strukturę genetyczną gatunków tworzących ekosystem leśny. Wyniki badań DNA potwierdzają wpływ obecnej i przeszłej gospodarki leśnej na obecny poziom zmienności genetycznej populacji drzew leśnych. Analiza molekularna pozwala określić pokrewieństwo genetyczne gatunków drzew leśnych, umożliwia badanie przepływu genów między pokoleniami, oraz odzwierciedla historię polodowcowej migracji gatunków z refugiów południowej Europy do Polski. Dzięki markerom DNA można precyzyjnie odróżnić mieszańce gatunkowe np. modrzewia japońskiego i europejskiego. Porównanie profili DNA kradzionego drzewa z pniakiem pozostawionym w lesie, dostarcza mocnych dowodów w sprawach dotyczących nielegalnego handlu drewnem. Genetyczna transformacja genomu drzew pozwala uzyskać drewno o zmienionej strukturze lignin, oraz zwiększoną asymilację CO2 w liściach. Modyfikacje genetyczne zmierzają też w kierunku wzmocnionej odporności hodowanych gatunków drzew na patogeny grzybowe lub szkodniki owadzie oraz na środki ochrony roślin na plantacjach drzew szybkorosnących GMO.

ACS Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska. Wpływ działalności antropogenicznej na obecną strukturę genetyczną populacji drzew leśnych. Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 2018, 16, 63 -71.

AMA Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska. Wpływ działalności antropogenicznej na obecną strukturę genetyczną populacji drzew leśnych. Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae. 2018; 16 (3):63-71.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Justyna Anna Nowakowska. 2018. "Wpływ działalności antropogenicznej na obecną strukturę genetyczną populacji drzew leśnych." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 16, no. 3: 63-71.

Journal article
Published: 12 September 2018 in Forests
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The fungal pathogen Fusarium circinatum is the causal agent of Pine Pitch Canker (PPC), a disease which seriously affects different species of pine in forests and nurseries worldwide. In Europe, the fungus affects pines in northern Spain and Portugal, and it has also been detected in France and Italy. Here, we report the findings of the first trial investigating the susceptibility of Polish provenances of Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris L., to infection by F. circinatum. In a greenhouse experiment, 16 Polish provenances of Scots pine were artificially inoculated with F. circinatum and with six other Fusarium species known to infect pine seedlings in nurseries. All pines proved highly susceptible to PPC and displayed different levels of susceptibility to the other Fusarium spp. tested. The findings obtained indicate the potentially strong threat of establishment of an invasive pathogen such as F. circinatum following unintentional introduction into Poland.

ACS Style

Kateryna Davydenko; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Tomasz Kaluski; Magdalena Gawlak; Katarzyna Sadowska; Jorge Martín García; Julio Javier Diez; Adam Okorski; Tomasz Oszako. A Comparative Study of the Pathogenicity of Fusarium circinatum and other Fusarium Species in Polish Provenances of P. sylvestris L. Forests 2018, 9, 560 .

AMA Style

Kateryna Davydenko, Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Tomasz Kaluski, Magdalena Gawlak, Katarzyna Sadowska, Jorge Martín García, Julio Javier Diez, Adam Okorski, Tomasz Oszako. A Comparative Study of the Pathogenicity of Fusarium circinatum and other Fusarium Species in Polish Provenances of P. sylvestris L. Forests. 2018; 9 (9):560.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kateryna Davydenko; Justyna Anna Nowakowska; Tomasz Kaluski; Magdalena Gawlak; Katarzyna Sadowska; Jorge Martín García; Julio Javier Diez; Adam Okorski; Tomasz Oszako. 2018. "A Comparative Study of the Pathogenicity of Fusarium circinatum and other Fusarium Species in Polish Provenances of P. sylvestris L." Forests 9, no. 9: 560.

Journal article
Published: 24 July 2018 in Forests
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The European Fraxinus species are threatened by the alien invasive pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, which was introduced into Poland in the 1990s and has spread throughout the European continent, causing a large-scale decline of ash. There are no effective treatments to protect ash trees against ash dieback, which is caused by this pathogen, showing high variations in susceptibility at the individual level. Earlier studies have shown that the application of phosphites could improve the health of treated seedlings after artificial inoculation with H. fraxineus. Three-year-old F. excelsior seedlings were inoculated with the following pathogens: a H. fraxineus, Phytophthora species mixture (P. plurivora, P. megasperma, and P. taxon hungarica), in combination with two pathogens and mock-inoculated as the control, and then either watered or treated with ammonium phosphite (Actifos). Results showed significant differences in the survival of seedlings and symptoms of disease development among the treatments. Chlorophyll-a fluorescence parameters indicated a decrease in photosynthetic efficiency in infected plants, suggesting that they were under strong biotic stress, but none of the parameters could be used as a reliable bioindicator for ash decline disease. The application of Actifos enhanced the production of triterpenes (ursolic and oleanolic acid), and decreased the production of phenols (tyrosol) and sterols (β-sitosterol) in seedlings infected with H. fraxineus. Treatment with Actifos caused seedlings to enhance their response to pathogen(s) attack and increase their survival probability.

ACS Style

Nenad Keča; Milosz Tkaczyk; Anna Żółciak; Marcin Stocki; Hazem M. Kalaji; Justyna A. Nowakowska; Tomasz Oszako; Justyna Nowakowska. Survival of European Ash Seedlings Treated with Phosphite after Infection with the Hymenoscyphus fraxineus and Phytophthora Species. Forests 2018, 9, 442 .

AMA Style

Nenad Keča, Milosz Tkaczyk, Anna Żółciak, Marcin Stocki, Hazem M. Kalaji, Justyna A. Nowakowska, Tomasz Oszako, Justyna Nowakowska. Survival of European Ash Seedlings Treated with Phosphite after Infection with the Hymenoscyphus fraxineus and Phytophthora Species. Forests. 2018; 9 (8):442.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nenad Keča; Milosz Tkaczyk; Anna Żółciak; Marcin Stocki; Hazem M. Kalaji; Justyna A. Nowakowska; Tomasz Oszako; Justyna Nowakowska. 2018. "Survival of European Ash Seedlings Treated with Phosphite after Infection with the Hymenoscyphus fraxineus and Phytophthora Species." Forests 9, no. 8: 442.

Journal article
Published: 06 June 2018 in Forests
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During a survey in three declining and three healthy poplar plantations in Serbia, six different Phytophthora species were obtained. Phytophthora plurivora was the most common, followed by P. pini, P. polonica, P. lacustris, P. cactorum, and P. gonapodyides. Pathogenicity of all isolated species to four-month and one-year-old cuttings of Populus hybrid clones I-214 and Pánnonia, respectively, was tested using both a soil infestation and stem inoculation test. Isolates of P. polonica, P. × cambivora, P. cryptogea, and P. × serendipita from other host plants were included as a comparison. In the soil infestation test, the most aggressive species to clone I-214 were P. plurivora, P. × serendipita, and P. pini. On clone Pánnonia, P. gonapodyides and P. pini were the most aggressive, both causing 100% mortality, followed by P. cactorum, P. × cambivora, and P. polonica. In the underbark inoculation test, the susceptibility of both poplar clones to the different Phytophthora species was largely similar, as in the soil infestation test, with the exception of P. polonica, which proved to be only weakly pathogenic to poplar bark. The most aggressive species to clone I-214 was P. pini, while on clone Pánnonia, the longest lesions and highest disease incidence were caused by P. gonapodyides. Phytophthora cactorum and P. plurivora were pathogenic to both clones, whereas P. × cambivora showed only weak pathogenicity. The implications of these findings and possible pathways of dispersion of the pathogens are discussed.

ACS Style

Ivan Milenković; Nenad Keča; Dragan Karadžić; Zlatan Radulović; Justyna A. Nowakowska; Tomasz Oszako; Katarzyna Sikora; Tamara Corcobado; Thomas Jung. Isolation and Pathogenicity of Phytophthora Species from Poplar Plantations in Serbia. Forests 2018, 9, 330 .

AMA Style

Ivan Milenković, Nenad Keča, Dragan Karadžić, Zlatan Radulović, Justyna A. Nowakowska, Tomasz Oszako, Katarzyna Sikora, Tamara Corcobado, Thomas Jung. Isolation and Pathogenicity of Phytophthora Species from Poplar Plantations in Serbia. Forests. 2018; 9 (6):330.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ivan Milenković; Nenad Keča; Dragan Karadžić; Zlatan Radulović; Justyna A. Nowakowska; Tomasz Oszako; Katarzyna Sikora; Tamara Corcobado; Thomas Jung. 2018. "Isolation and Pathogenicity of Phytophthora Species from Poplar Plantations in Serbia." Forests 9, no. 6: 330.