This paper presents the mathematical modeling of the thermal state of a 1000 W wind turbine generator (WTG) integrated into a vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) system, taking into account external environmental factors, mechanical losses, and the operation of the cooling system. The developed model considers the influence of ambient temperature, wind speed, air humidity, ventilation openings, radiator cooling, and mechanical losses. An analysis was conducted over a range of operating conditions from −20 °C to 50 °C, with wind speeds from 0.5 m/s to 15 m/s and air humidity from 10% to 90%. The nonlinear dependence of the winding temperature on these factors was investigated, and critical operating conditions leading to potential overheating were identified. It was found that high humidity (>70%) increases the winding temperature by 5–10% compared to low humidity (<30%). The developed model can be used to optimize cooling systems and improve the reliability of wind turbines in various climatic conditions. In addition, the proposed model is intended to be integrated into fault detection and diagnosis systems for wind turbines, enabling the identification of potential faults related to thermal overload.

The paper presents a compositional hybrid fuzzy–neural cognitive model designed to support intelligent decision-making in two critical application domains: (i) fault diagnosis of wind turbine components and (ii) operational switching control in electrical substations. The proposed model integrates fuzzy cognitive maps with neural learning algorithms, thereby ensuring high interpretability, robustness to exogenous disturbances, and suitability for real-time deployment within a problem-oriented intelligent decision support system (IDSS). The objective of the study is to evaluate the applicability and methodological advantages of the compositional model as a functional element of a real-time IDSS architecture for the diagnosis and control of complex technical systems (CTS) in the power industry. The considered CTS include wind turbine assemblies, where timely fault detection and location are required, as well as substation equipment, where operational switching must be executed under strict safety and reliability constraints. The research outcomes comprise the development of a multilayer interpretable model based on fuzzy cognitive maps and augmented with adaptive linear and bilinear learning algorithms. The model enables continuous online adaptation, captures nonlinear dependencies among system variables, and explicitly incorporates external factors into the decision-making process. Experimental evaluation using real and synthetic datasets, including wind turbine condition-monitoring data and the IEEE 118-bus benchmark, demonstrates that the proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art approaches (LFCM, RNN, CNN) in diagnostic accuracy, decision latency, and computational efficiency. The practical significance of the study lies in enhancing the reliability and operational resilience of IDSS for managing and diagnosing CTS under uncertainty. The model supports the ongoing digitalization of power-system operations and contributes to reducing failure risks and economic losses by enabling timely, context-aware decision support in real-time environments.