Molar conductance studies of electrolytic solutions have always been exciting for chemists. The studies of electrolytic behavior of metal complex solutions provide brief insights into their nature and composition. These studies provide a clue of the number of ions present in a particular solution responsible for the conduction of electric current and, thereby, quite significant structural information can be obtained. Molar conductance data are exploited to ascertain electrolytic and non-electrolytic nature of metal complexes. Attempts have been made to summarize molar conductance ranges of metal complexes in various solvents, which might prove useful to researchers and academia. Besides, molar conductance data have been applied to predict geometries of metal complexes. Moreover, efforts have been made to discuss the applications of conductance data for the estimation of the size of structurally relevant complexes. In addition, molar conductance has been applied to determine metal-ligand stoichiometry. Finally, the structural variance of metal complexes in different solvents is discussed in terms of molar conductance measurements.

Nowadays, microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) has received great attention for its potential in construction and geotechnical applications. This technique has been used in biocementation of sand, consolidation of soil, production of self-healing concrete or mortar, and removal of heavy metal ions from water. The products of MICP often have enhanced strength, durability, and self-healing ability. Utilization of the MICP technique can also increase sustainability, especially in the construction industry where a huge portion of the materials used is not sustainable. The presence of bacteria is essential for MICP to occur. Bacteria promote the conversion of suitable compounds into carbonate ions, change the microenvironment to favor precipitation of calcium carbonate, and act as precipitation sites for calcium carbonate crystals. Many bacteria have been discovered and tested for MICP potential. This paper reviews the bacteria used for MICP in some of the most recent studies. Bacteria that can cause MICP include ureolytic bacteria, non-ureolytic bacteria, cyanobacteria, nitrate reducing bacteria, and sulfate reducing bacteria. The most studied bacterium for MICP over the years is Sporosarcina pasteurii. Other bacteria from Bacillus species are also frequently investigated. Several factors that affect MICP performance are bacterial strain, bacterial concentration, nutrient concentration, calcium source concentration, addition of other substances, and methods to distribute bacteria. Several suggestions for future studies such as CO₂ sequestration through MICP, cost reduction by using plant or animal wastes as media, and genetic modification of bacteria to enhance MICP have been put forward.

The discovery of cis-platin and its second and third generation analogues created a hope in cancer chemotherapy. Cis-platin and its second generation analogue carboplatin have been used for the treatment of some cancers from a long time. The third generation analogues have superior anti-cancer profiles for curing a few cancers. Unfortunately, certain side effects such as renal impairment, neurotoxicity and ototoxicity etc. are associated with these drugs. But, combination therapy makes these analogues more effective with fewer side effects. In addition, the results of some ongoing clinical trials will make the safety profile clear in near future. The present article describes the current status of cis-platin and its analogues in cancer chemotherapy. In addition, special emphasis has been made on cis-platin discovery, development of second (carboplatin, oxaliplatin, nedaplatin) and third (lobaplatin, heptalatin) generation analogues, comparison of their chemotherapies, mechanism of action, therapeutic status, recent developments and chronology. Moreover, attempts have been made to describe the future perspectives of these drugs in the cancer treatment.

The iron complexes discussed in this review highlight their promising future as anticancer agents.

In spite of some medications, millions of people are dying every year due to cancer. Additionally, the survival patients suffer from various serious side effects due to the use of available anti-neoplastic medicines. The development of nanoparticle based drugs seems to be effective providing low side effects and targeted action on cancer cells. The present article describes the state-of-the-art of nano drugs in cancer chemotherapy. The nano drugs are target selective and specific towards tumors only resulting into better treatment. The important molecules used for preparation nano drugs are cisplatin, carboplatin, bleomycin, 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, dactinomycin, 6-mercaptopurine, paclitaxel, topotecan, vinblastin and etoposide etc. The most commonly used materials for nanoparticle carriers are dendrimers, polymers, liposomes, micelles, inorganic, organic nanoparticles etc. A survey was carried out on the drugs available in the market and given in tabular form. However, the commonly used nano drugs till date are liposome dendrimer and some other materials based on nanoparticles. Attempts have been made to explain the mechanism of action of nano drugs. The future perspectives have also been highlighted in the conclusion part.