Weeds are among the primary constraints reducing soybean productivity, and their effective control is especially important in edamame, a vegetable soybean valued for its nutritional potential. As chemical control remains the dominant strategy, rational herbicide use is essential. This study aimed to evaluate the response of two edamame varieties (Chiba Green and Midori Giant) and the effectiveness of applied herbicides in weed control during the 2022–2024 growing seasons. Treatments included the following: pre-emergence herbicides (S-metolachlor + metribuzin) (H1); pre- (S-metolachlor + metribuzin) and post-emergence herbicides (imazamox + cycloxydim) (H2); and an untreated control (H0). The growing season influenced pod yield and biomass, with the highest yield recorded in 2022 (11.7 t ha⁻¹), while variety affected only pod yield: on average, Midori Giant outperformed Chiba Green (10.6 vs. 6.1 t ha⁻¹). Herbicide treatment affected weed dry biomass (3.3 g m⁻² in H2 compared to 341.8 g m⁻² in H0) and pod yield (4.3 t ha⁻¹ in H0 for Chiba Green compared to 11.9 t ha⁻¹ in H2 for Midori Giant). The results indicate that pre-emergence herbicides could satisfactorily reduce weed infestation under suitable meteorological conditions. The combined application of pre- and post-emergence herbicides increases production security (particularly in seasons with higher weed infestation), likely by extending the weed control period through pre- and post-emergence herbicide combinations, targeting different weed species during the soybean vegetative period. In addition, weed diversity was associated with a yield increase in Midori Giant. This research provides practical information and options for weed management in edamame production in the Western Balkan region.

The field experiment was conducted during 2021 and 2022 at the Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Zemun Polje in Serbia. The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of adjuvants and nozzle types on the efficacy of two herbicides based on the same active ingredient - nicosulfuron. The study was arranged as a split-block design in four replication with 12 treatments plus weed-free, as well as weedy season long treatments. Weeds were sampled 21 day after treatment (DAT) and both fresh and dry biomas were measured (only dry biomass is shown). Visual estimation of efficacy was assessed 7, 14 and 21 DAT. Among all treatments no differences between herbicides were observed. In addition, treatments with AMS showed a lower level of efficacy compared to treatments with non-ionic surfactant (NIS) adjuvant where the efficacy was higher and where it led to faster weed decay. Based on dry biomass reduction, all factors had a statistically very significant impact on the results, both individually and in mutual interaction.