The aim of this study was to determine the chemical profile of the essential oils (EOs) of three Moroccan lavender species (Lavandula pedunculata, LP; Lavandula angustifolia, LA; and Lavandula maroccana, LM) and to investigate, for the first time, the synergistic effect of the optimal mixture of the EOs with conventional antibiotic ciprofloxacin against three pathogenic foodborne bacteria. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis showed that eucalyptol (39.05%), camphor (24.21%) and borneol (8.29%) were the dominant compounds of LA‐EO. LP‐EO was characterized by the abundance of camphor (74.51%) and fenchone (27.06%), whereas carvacrol (42.08%), camphor (17.95%) and fenchone (12.05%) were the main constituents of LM‐EO. EOs alone or combined showed a remarkable antimicrobial activity against the tested bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 3.53 mg/mL to 15.96 mg/mL. The optimal mixture, calculated using a mixture design, corresponded to 19% LA, 38% LP and 43% LM. All combination of the EOs and the best EO mixture with ciprofloxacin exhibited a total synergism with fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) values ranging from 0.27 to 0.37. The best EO mixture showed the highest gain of 128 fold, especially against Salmonella spp., more than that found testing the EOs separately. These findings should be taken into consideration for a possible application in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

Background/Objectives: Erythrocyte alloimmunization is a critical complication impacting the efficacy of transfusion therapy in patients with thalassemia. This study seeks to evaluate the prevalence, characterization, and determinants of erythrocyte alloimmunization in multi-transfused thalassemia patients in south of Morocco. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the Moroccan Blood and Blood Derivatives Agency in Marrakech (Morocco) over 2 years, from June 2022 to June 2024, including 89 patients with beta-thalassemia receiving regular transfusions. The clinical, demographic, and transfusion characteristics of patients who developed alloimmunization were compared with those of non-alloimmunized patients. Results: Analysis of 89 β-thalassemia patients in the Marrakech region, mostly young and suffering from major form (67%), shows a significant male predominance (p = 0.004) and a high frequency of blood group O+ (49.4%). Alloimmunization mainly affects major forms and males and is associated with frequent annual transfusions (over 12 per year), usually resulting in the use of 24 to 60 packed red blood cell units annually. Alloimmunized patients mostly present anti-K and anti-E antibodies, indicating the involvement of the Kell and Rh systems. The direct Coombs test was more often positive in these patients (21.4% vs. 7.9%, p < 0.01). Conclusions: The high prevalence of alloimmunization in thalassemia patients in the Marrakech region highlights the need for a rigorous and personalized transfusion strategy, including molecular genotyping and alternative therapies.